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Chapter 4 and 6 Folk Culture/Language Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 4 and 6 Folk Culture/Language
Chapter 4 and 6 Folk Culture/Language
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#Culture #Language
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1
Popular culture and folk culture can both result in ahigher level of
demand for raw materials.
consumption of animal products.
environmental degradation.
all of the above
2
The Proto-Indo-European language homeland lies somewherenorth of the
Sea of Okhotsk
Mediterranean Sea
Baltic Sea
Black Sea
3
The Irish Pub Co. has designed pubs in all ofthe following countries except
Argentina
Brazil
United Arab Emirates
Singapore
4
The language that still survives today as a direct link to Europe’s pre-farming era is
Latin
Greek
Etruscan
Basque
5
The diffusion of jeans is a good example primarily of the
adoption of unique folk culture.
opposition to globalization
impact of high income on clothing habits
diffusion of popular culture
6
The Flemings and Walloons speak languages belonging to different
language branches
language families
language sects
dialects
7
Which pattern is more typical of folk cultures than other types of cultures?
Taking steps to transform rural areas into urban areas
Establishing flexible gender roles
Welcoming in new practices from other cultures
Emphasizing the value of tradition
8
Folk songs are distinguished from popular songs becausethey
are only transmitted orally.
tell a story about daily activities.
written by specialists for commercialdistribution
can be understood only by one group
9
Folk customs usually originate from
familiar events in daily life
famous historical event
the availability of more leisure time
global economic exchange
10
When languages are depicted as leaves on trees, the trunks of the trees represent
Language Groups
Language Families
Dialects
Language Sects
11
In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is typical of
Large heterogeneous Groups
groups of specialists
Small Homogeneous Groups
Groups living in isolated rural areas
12
The most important house style in the United States since the 1960's is known as
neo-eclectic.
minimal traditional.
contemporary.
split-level.
13
The crucial element in language is ____.
vocabulary
grammar
alphabet
vocalization
14
Rapid diffusion of popular culture
depends on modern communication systems
is an example of relocation diffusion
conserves resources
All of these
15
What state in the U.S would have one of the lowest alcohol levels?
Montana
Utah
Florida
Kentucky
16
Official languages in Switzerland include
all but
which of the following?
German
Italian
Flemish
Romansh
17
The world country with the most official languages is
Switzerland
South Africa
India
Belgium
18
Typically, popular culture
reflects the characteristics of a physicalenvironment.
experience frequent changes
is practiced by small homogeneous groups.
originates in a number of locations at the sametime
19
The spatial distribution of soccer during the twentiethcentury is an example of
popular culture
relocation diffusion.
taboo
habit
20
Western dominance of the news media is feared in LDC's for all but which of these reasons?
Western countries control most of the newspapersin LDC's
Western radio newscasts can be heard in most countries.
Western values permeate the media.
Western countries supply a large % ofthe TV news video
21
Which of the following pairs of languages are
NOT
mutually intelligible?
Danish and Norwegian
German and Dutch
Serbian and Croatian
Urdu and Hindi
22
Folk cultures are spread primarily by _____ diffusion
hierarchical
stimulus
contagious
relocation
23
As they have more contact with popular culture, women in LDC's are more likely to
obtain food for the family.
be subservient to men.
gain more opportunities outside the home.
reduce the practice of prostitution.
24
A group of languages that share a common ancestor before recorded history is a
Language Family
Language Group
Dialect
Language Branch
25
Distribution of the subjects of art in the Himalayas shows how folk cultures
are influenced by distinctive vegetation,climate,& religion
avoid painting animate objects
always paint religious subjects
abandon customary forms with migration
26
The repetitive act performed by an individual is a
Taboo
Custom
Habit
Popular Culture
27
Chinese is written in the form of
a literary tradition
ideograms
an alphabet
phonemes
28
The linguistic map of Nigeria reflects extreme fragmentation with nearly ___ languages spoken.
250
400
15
25
29
The“lost city” located in Sun City, South Africa is a good example of:
modernization
An authentic Landscape
an ethnic enclave
the commodification of nature
30
What population dominates the use of social media in number of users?
USA
China
Canada
India
31
The second most widely spoken language family in Europe is
Balto-SlavicThis is a wrong answer
UralicThis is a correct answer
CelticThis is a wrong answer
RomanceThis is a wrong answer
32
The number of television sets per person is greatest in
Europe
Africa
Latin America
Asia
33
The predecessor of Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit:
was Indo-European
came from Africa
Proto-Indo-European
came from East Asia
34
Germanic invaders of England included which tribe
All of these
Jutes
Angles
Saxons
35
Evolution & diffusion of the Proto-Indo-Euro language occurred over a period of __ yrs at most.
3,000
9,000
12,000
6,000
36
The large number of individual languages documented in Africa has resulted primarily from
repeated invasions by outsiders
1000's of years of isolation between tribal groups
frequent migration by the different tribal groups
colonial administration of native land
37
Americans' preferences for beverages and snacks
vary from one region of the country to another.
vary according to religious differences.
all of the above
vary according to what is produced locally.
38
Standard Italian is the version of the language spoken in
Rome
Italy; North of Venice
Sicily
Florence and Tuscany
39
restriction on behavior imposed by social customis a
Popular Culture
Habit
Taboo
Tariff
40
A literary tradition is
a form of a language spoken in a particular area
a collection of languages related to each other
the variety of dialects in a language
the written form of a language
41
Popular customs most frequently originate in
more developed countries
countries with large rural populations
former communist countries
less developed countries
42
Which of the following characteristics is more typical of a popular culture than a folk culture
Communication is more limited.
It is likely to be derived from physicalconditions
It has an anonymous origin.
It results in a more uniform landscape.
43
Features of the US landscape, such as gas stations, supermarkets and motels
Provide diversity on the US landscape
Promote a uniform landscape
Show high regional variation
Reflect the preservation of folk culture
44
Diffusion of Internet service is following the earlierpattern of television, except
diffusion is much faster.
the United States share of world use is expanding.
initial use was in less developed countries.
diffusion is much slower
45
Which is not an aspect of cultural landscape convergence?
Globalized architectural forms
borrowing of idealized landscape images
development of regional architectural styles
globalization of particular businesses and products
46
Main effect of modern communications on social customs has been to
have little effect on the diffusion of social customs.
slow the rate of change.
folk cultures, by increasing awarenessof their uniqueness
increase the similarity of social customs indifferent places
47
Which of the following is an important source area for U.S.folk house types?
Lower Chesapeake
Northeast
Upper New York
Southern Atlantic
48
Little wine is produced in Asia primarily because
grapes do not grow in these regions.
wines can be imported more cheaply.
the people do not have a tradition of wine making.
soil contaminants produce bad grapes.
49
Pidgin and creole languages are important unifying forces:
in a linguistically divided world
in Eastern Europe
in traditional cultures only
in modern culture only
50
The various cultural regions that compose the USA demonstrate how
Cultural regions share some values & yet remain distinct
Cultural region is composed of a variety of cultural realms
Cultural boundaries match political boundaries
Culture hearths spread their values through diffusion
51
All of the following are components of culture EXCEPT FOR
Language and Religion
Customs and Habits
Migration Destinations
Landscapes
52
A group's material culture is produced by
its habits
a collection of social customs
its geographic location
its food choices
53
Urdu is the most important language of
Bangladesh
India
Iran
Pakistan
54
In technically advanced societies there is likely to be
a standard language
standard pronunciation
many basic languages
limited expansion of language
55
The two largest language families in the world are
Altaic and Nilo-SharanThis is a wrong answer
Sino-Tibetan and Indo-EuropeanThis is a correct answer
Afro-Asiatic and SIno-TibetanThis is a wrong answer
Indo-Iranian and Balto-SlavicThis is a wrong answer
56
Diffusion of popular customs can adverselyimpact environmental quality in two ways
diversity of products and slow change.
increased diversity and decreased demand.
using renewable materials and recycled designs.
depletion of scarce resources and pollution.
57
The onion-domed churches in Moscow are most clearly examples of that city’s cultural
Landscapes
Realm
Borders
Barriers
58
Which country has a rather sharp division between Flemish speakers and Walloon speakers?
Denmark
Andorra
The Netherlands
Belgium
59
Rapid diffusion of popular culture
Conserves resources
All of these
Depends on modern communication systems
Is an example of relocation diffusion
60
English is the most important language in North America primarily because of
the diffusion of English colonies
the Norman conquest
official government policy
the global dominance of the US
61
Today, house types in the United States are distinguishedby all but which of the following?
They can still be divided into three distinct regions.
They display few regional distinctions.
They are usually mass-produced.
Alternative styles have diffused throughout the country.
62
Reflecting its origins and cultural tradition, Hutteriteleaders speak
American English.
Rarely and never speak to outsiders
The Amish dialect of French
Archaic German
63
Yuan and Shan peoples in northern Thailandsleep with their heads toward the east
to avoid drafts from monsoon winds.
because the head is considered high and noble
so that the head is opposite the neighbors' heads.
to avoid the direction of death and evil spirits.
64
Buying a Native American styled dream catcher ata Wal-Mart store in Ohio is an example of
Assimilation
Cultural Persistence
Local Custom
Cultural Appropriation
65
British and American English differ in all but which of the following?
Alphabet
Spelling
Vocabulary
Pronunciation
66
A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs is called
A cultural boundary
A sound shift
Isogloss
An international border
67
Popular customs are more likely than folk customs to
evolve from the isolation of different groups.
reflect the unique characteristics of thelandscape
vary from place to place
rapidly diffuse through modern communicationsystems
68
The two most important languages in South America are
French and Spanish
Dutch and English
English and Spanish
Portuguese and Spanish
69
The spatial distribution of soccer during the 20
th
century is an example of
Folk Culture
Habit
Taboo
Popular Culture
70
Japan is a hearth of global popular culture that influences North America with
fashion
Foods
sports
Animated films
71
Both the Angles & Normans contributed to the development of the English language, because they
diffused English around the world
spoke languages derived from Latin
Spoke Germanic languages
invaded England
72
Hebrew is an example of
an language family
an extinct language
an isolated language
a revived language
73
In the United States, the number of golf courses per personis highest in
the south, where the climate is favorable.
the southwest, where climate allows play all year long.
the west, where golfers are clustered.
NC states, where there is a long traditionof playing golf.
74
The language in which ancient Indian religious and literary texts were written was:
Hindi
Sanskrit
Dravidian
Latin
75
A family that comes from China to the US & chooses to live in an ethnic enclave is hoping to
Assimilate their family into US culture as quickly
Separate itself from Chinese culture rapidly and completely
Expose their children to people of many other cultures
Find a buffer against discrimination
76
The language used as a 2nd language by millions of people in India, Africa and elsewhere is
Spanish
Arabic
English
French
77
Countries in which more than one language is in use are called:
non-lingual
monolingual
multilingual
unilingual
78
Basque is spoken primarily in
Brittany
Swiss Alps
Barcelona, Spain
Pyrenees Mts
79
Distribution of alcohol use in the US displays which of these characteristics of pop culture?
Rapid Diffusion
All of the Above
Close Relationship to level of income
Little regard for features of the physical environment
80
The number of television sets per person is greatest in
Africa
Europe
Latin America
Asia
81
When _ sends speakers of a language far from their home their lang is likely to undergo change.
frequent travels
relocation diffusion
contagious diffusion
expansion diffusion
82
The African country that is a colonial creation of almost unimaginable linguistic diversity is:
Nigeria
South Africa
Mali
Niger
83
A people who are a part of a culture that doesn't have a written language are said to be
illterate
preliterate
derivative
symbolic
84
The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape is known as
sprawl
the cultural landscape
The hand of man
urban renewal
85
Hip Hop music originated in New York the late 1970s in
Brooklyn
The South Bronx
Queens
Harlem
86
A creolized language is
extinct
a mix of indigenous and colonial languages
an isolated language family
a revived formerly extinct language
87
In terms of popular culture, cities like Paris,New York, and Milan are referred to as
Local Cultures
Capitals
Hearths
World Cities
88
Group of languages that share a common origin but have since evolved into individual languages
Language Family
Language Root
Language Branch
dialect
89
taboo against pork is a characteristic of
Judaism and Islam.
Judaism and Buddhism
Christianity and Hinduism
Christianity and Buddhism
90
Many less developed countries fear the loss of folk culturebecause
Western perspectives may become more dominant.
they do not want to preserve traditional values.
popular culture devalues women.
they want to avoid political disputes.
91
In what ways does popular culture threaten environmental sustainability?
through curbside programs
through recycling plans
because people are becoming vegans
because of increased demand for golfing
92
Popular culture and folk culture can both result in a higher level of
consumption of animal products
environmental degradation
extinction of animal species
all of these
93
When languages are depicted as leaves on trees, the rootsof trees below the surface represent
Possible prehistoric superfamilies
language families
Dialects
language sects
94
Which statement best demonstrates the concept of a culture hearth?
building, roads, and other elements built by humans
Places where material & nonmaterial traits emerged
Latin America, has several distinct but related cultures
Where many cultures share the religion of Islam
95
What is the important mechanism for the diffusion of professional sports?
Relocation diffusion
the Internet
TV
Social Media
96
Immigrants to which American colonies had the most diverse backgrounds?
New England
Southeast
Northern
Middle Atlantic
97
Linguist Joseph Greenberg proposes that there are only__indigenous American language families.
5
3
9
7
98
Belgium is a ___________ speaking country
French and Walloa
Belgae and Wallonia
Flemish and German
Flemish and French
99
Brittany in western France shows the persistence of Breton in the _____ subfamily.
Slavic
Romance
Celtic
Germanic
100
The four most frequently spoken branches of Indo-European include all but
Romance
Balto-Slavic
Celtic
Indo-Iranian
101
Cultural appropriation for purposes of profit is referred to as an example of
ethnic insensitivity.
commodification
product branding.
cultural imperialism.
102
“Little Sweden” in Lindsborg, Kansas is a good example:
Neolocalism
Tribalism
Globalization
Placelessness
103
The two theories of the Proto-Indo-Europeanlanguage dispersal are the conquest theory and
massive migration
extensive trade routes
missionary activity
the spread of agriculture
104
The changes in local culture brought about bythe onslaught of popular culture tend to disrupt
Customs
Population
Transport Connections
Economics
105
Which of these is an example of a culture trait?
parenting
Eating a meal
Wearing a turban
Sleeping
106
The frequent act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of a group of people is a
custom
popular culture
habit
taboo
107
The ultimate resolution to the problem of American language families will come from:
genetic & archaeological research
historical analysis
cultural analysis
linguistic analysis
108
Language that is mutually understood by people who have different native languages.
Isogloss
Pidgin
Creole
Lingua Franca
109
The most
widely
used Indo-European language today is
Spanish
German
Mandarian
English
110
People maintain their folk culture despite familiarity withpopular culture primarily because of
lack of exposure to the media.
the high cost of popular customs.
fear of foreign influence.
strong desire to preserve unique customs.
111
An example of an external threat to folk culture includes all but which of the following?
Google
Facebook
CNN
MTV
112
Branson, Missouri capitalizes on local culture by presenting it as___ for tourist consumption
popular
“authentic”
cosmopolitan
timeless
113
The 2nd largest language family is ____.
Sino-Tibetan
Austronesian
Dravidian
Indo-European
114
Which of these is an example of a cultural landscape?
a coastal wetland
a cloud forest
a stand of mangrove trees
A park area off an interstate
115
A tremendous number of name changes occurred for cities after the:
succession movement began in Quebec
collapse the former Yugoslavia
civil rights movement began in the United States
collapse of the former Soviet Union
116
Which of the following is not a factor in distinguishing different folk housing types in the US
origins of regional migrations
choice of building materials
climate in which the structure is built
size of the building
117
In contrast to popular culture, folk cultures are more likely to vary
both from place to place and from time to time.
from place to place at a given time.
with rapid change
from time to time at a given place
118
Theonly country in Africa with a building over 700 feet tall is:
Egypt
Morocco
South Africa
Johannesburg
119
Russian is part of what language branch?
Balto-Slavic
Germanic
Romance
Indo-Iranian
120
Franglais is
a dialect of French
lingua franca of France.
language used by French colonial administrations.
use of English in the French lang.
121
A form of a language spoken in a local area is a ___.
language branch
language family
dialect
language group
122
Which concept is the contemporary geographer likely toreject?
People in different environments adopt similar socialcustoms
physical environment causes people to adopt social customs.
folk custom can become part of a popular culture
People in similar environments adopt different socialcustoms
123
Which element of the local physical environment isimportant for wine production?
Climate
Topography
Soil
All of the Above
124
The choice of clothing in Western countries is stronglyinfluenced by
level of income.
occupation.
all of the above
knowledge of fashion elsewhere.
125
Dialects developed within England primarily because
Normans invaded from the south
different Germanic invaders settled in different regions.
British Received Pronunciation became the standard dialect.
Viking invaders did not remain long in England.
126
Efforts to conserve local cultures often focus on the local____________.
Landmarks
Boundaries
Customs
Mobility
127
The current distribution of soccer demonstrates that
folk custom can become part of a popular culture
sport is more important in less developedcountries
television has infused all sports into popular culture.
all sports are examples of folk culture.
128
Early in the twentieth century, a major effort was launched to create a world language called
Pidgin
Etruscan
Esperanto
Creole
129
One impact of large-scale consumption of chicken in moredeveloped countries is to
displace pork producers
encourage the development of a new food taboo.
diffuse agricultural products into the physicalenvironment.
make inefficient use of the world's grainsupplies
130
As concerns an official language, the United States
has adopted English
once proclaimed German but abandoned it during WW1
has adopted English and Spanish
has never proclaimed one
131
In 2000, there were over 60 Hutterite Coloniesin __________
Alberta and Manitoba
Montana and Minnesota
British Columbia and North Dakota
British Columbia and Washington
132
Which is an example of a non-material aspect ofculture?
Church Building
Religious Decoration
An Altar
burning of incense
133
The ________ of a group of people includes thethings they construct.
folk culture
pop culture
non-material Culture
material culture
134
Hutterites differ from the Amish in that they
are Anabaptist.
reject modern technology.
accept modern technology
live in Pennsylvania.
135
The language family encompassing the languages of the People's Republic of China is
Indo-European
Sino-Tibetan
Mandarin
Indo-Iranian
136
____ of internet content is in English.
68
27
12
82
137
Persian,Pashto and Baluchi are all part of the __________ branch of the language tree
Indic
Baltic
Iranian
Greek
138
One effect of the spread of popular culture through globalization is that
Several traits have become part of a worldwide culture
Less-developed countries have adopted stricter gender roles
primary impact has been to change American culture
Cultural realms have become more diverse
139
Which item of clothing has been banned in some European countries?
poncho
beret
blue jeans
burqa
140
An Indo-European language is spoken in which of these European countries
All of these
Bulgaria
Hungary
Finland
141
MC Solaar is to France as Jovanotti is to________
India
Italy
England
Mexico
142
An example of a folk custom used to diffuse informationabout agriculture is
Home design in Madagascar
Vietnamese songs.
Armed Forces Radio
Himalayan art
143
The
lingua franca
of East Africa is:
Swahili
Bantu
Votaic
Hausa
144
The use of a horse and buggy by the Amish in the United Statesis an example of a
Taboo
Folk Culture
Popular Culture
Habit
145
Dialects are most often marked by actual differences in
Accents
Pronunciation
Vocabulary
Syntax
146
Only Old Order Anabaptist group who live communally rather than in family farmsteads are the
Brethren
Hutterites
Mennonites
Amish
147
geographer Vidal de la Blache regarded foodsupply as
less subject to modification than the clothingand weapons
the folk custom most closely tied to aparticular climate
the best available example of a folk custom
all of the above
148
Over 425 Hutterite communities exist in each ofthe following states and provinces
except
Montana
Arkansas
North Dakota
Alberta
149
A sense of community identityaround the idea of “Swedish-ness” in Lindsborg, KS is an example
of Globalization
of Neolocalism
of Assimilation
of Cultural Appropriation
150
Folk Culture is primary spread through
Relocation
Radio Stations
TV
the Internet
151
Features of the U.S. landscape, such as gas stations,supermarkets, and motels,
provide diversity on the U.S. landscape.
promote diffusion of folk culture.
reflect the preservation of folk culture
promote a uniform landscape.
152
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the physical enviro related to wine
The need for moderate, wet winters and long, hot summers.
Grape vines grow best in coarse, well drained soil.
Quality of the wine depends on the weather in aparticular yr
Vineyards must be planted on flat land.
153
One of the challenges to urban ethnic neighborhoods mentioned in the text is
assimilation
immigration of members of the popular culture
Federal tax laws
A breakdown in the sense of separateness
154
One significant impact of popular culture is to
spread through relocation diffusion.
create a more varied and less uniform landscape
promote the diffusion of folk culture.
modify the physical environment.
155
The most widely spoken Indo-European language is
Spanish
Hindi
English
Bengali