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Pre-Topic B, Topics B1.1, B1.2, B1.3, B1.4 and B2.1 practice Flashcards | StudBud
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Pre-Topic B, Topics B1.1, B1.2, B1.3, B1.4 and B2.1 practice
Pre-Topic B, Topics B1.1, B1.2, B1.3, B1.4 and B2.1 practice
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Exam Review Practice
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1
There is an idea that says dark energy is:
Opposite to that of matter and normal energy
Property of space
A new theory of gravity
All of the above
2
What happens to the frequency if there is a small wavelength?
No frequency at all
Smaller frequency
Higher frequency
Frequency is constant
3
How does a black hole form?
Explosion of Heavy Mass Star unable to fuse Copper
Explosion of Heavy Mass Star unable to fuse Aluminum
Explosion of Heavy Mass Star unable to fuse Iron
Explosion of Medium Mass Star unable to fuse Iron
4
How is "logic" used in claim testing steps?
Credibility
Gut Feeling
Verifiable (provable) evidence
Good Reasoning
5
Where are the hottest stars with the most luminosity located on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram?
During the white dwarf stage
Bottom right
Top left
In the middle
6
What is the key concept in determining validity?
Is the information tested enough?
Is the information trustworthy?
Is the information reasonable & without bias?
Is the information valid & bias?
7
The steady state theory thinks that...
The Universe never changes and never expands
The Universe has a beginning and an end
The Universe never changes yet still expands
The Universe is constantly changing
8
What do computers do to help scientists with generating data from astronomical observations?
Help make models of Sat data such as images or other formats
Help in sharing data.
Make the observations
Help create data.
9
A galaxy that is moving away from the Earth will show:
Blue shift
A blackhole.
Increased luminosity
A red shift
10
The Big Bang...
was too great to imagine.
is a great theory but lack sufficient evidence.
Supported by CMBR & Red-shift, and is still going on.
Was proven to be false in the 1960s.
11
Which of the following is a part of Newton’s law of universal gravity?
All masses attracted by same amount of gravitational force.
Every mass attracts every other mass in the universe.
G-force between two objects proportional to color of objects
Masses only attract some masses in the universe.
12
What is CMBR?
Radiation from Neutron Stars
Radiation from Microwaves
Radiation from the Big Bang
Radiation from Cosmic Gamma Rays
13
What’s the process of the production of new elements in stars' reactions called?
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fusion
Nuclear Reactor
Nuclear synthesis
14
The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram…
Relationship between the size and the color of stars
Relationship between the size and the luminosity of stars
Relationship between the size and the temperature of stars
Luminosity & temperature of stars through their lifecycle.
15
What is one way that you can tell that scientific literacy has bias?
The title
The subject it talks about
Lack of Evidence
The author
16
How many hydrogen atoms are required for the nuclear fusion process to take place?
Unknown
8
More than 2, less than 8
2
17
The geocentric model claimed that:
The sun,moon and stars rotate around the earth
The sun rotates on its axis
The earth rotates around sun along with planets and stars
The universe held together by gravity.
18
If we see a star 30 light years away, what version of the star would we be looking at?
Another star 30 years ago
That same star 10 years ago
That same star 60 years ago
That same star 30 years ago
19
Which helped scientists get info about composition & thickness of Earth’s internal structure?
All of the above.
Seismic waves
The Earth’s magnetic field
Geomagnetic and gravity measurements
20
What are the components needed to create a star?
All of the above.
High Pressure
Gravity
High Temperature
21
What is a way you can obtain evidence?
Experiment
Instrumentation/sensors and Modeling
All of the above.
Human senses, and Observation
22
What classification does our Sun fall into in the life-cycle of stars?
a neutron star
a low/medium mass, middle-age star
a low/medium mass, protostar
a high mass, red-giant star
23
What are main steps of Scientific Method?
Research question & hypothesis/prediction
All of the above.
Analysis by Processing Data & Conclude/Evaluate
Experiment & Collect Raw Data
24
Which theory of origin does the presence of CMBR refute?
Steady State Theory
Big Bang Theory
Modern Scientific Theory
Panspermia Theory
25
Challenge
: What is NOT one of the main traits of scientific theory?
Predictions can be made
Descriptive, normative statements (making value judgements)
Comprehensive model of how universe works
Cannot be proven through test of scientific law/hypothesis
26
Roughly what % of the 95% of the dark universe is "dark energy" and "dark matter"?
60% "dark energy" and 35% "dark matter"; 5% visible universe
70% "dark energy" and 25% "dark matter"; 5% visible universe
50% "dark energy" and 45% "dark matter", 5% visible universe
15% "dark energy" and 80% "dark matter"; 5% visible universe
27
Which paradigm shift is matched with the scientist that discovered it?
Copernicus & Classical Mechanics
Einstein & General Relativity
Scientific Method and Galileo
Biogenesis & Darwin
28
The sun is found on the main sequence, where is the luminosity and temperature of our sun...
On upper left of luminosity diagram
In middle of luminosity diagram
On lower right of luminosity diagram
On upper right of luminosity diagram
29
What are the steps scientists use to create explanations based on the evidence they gather?
Dependent variable
Scientific Literacy
Science
Scientific method
30
According to Rubidium dating of meteorites, & surface rock on Earth, when Solar System formed?
4.6 billion years ago
3.6 billion years ago
6.2 billion years ago
5.4 billion years ago
31
What skill is a scientist using when she listens to the sounds that whales makes?
Interpreting data
Drawing conclusions
Making a hypothesis
Making observations
32
What is correct order of layers of Earth, form inner to outer?
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
Crust, Outer Core, Inner Core, Mantle
Mantle, Crust, Inner Core, Outer Core
Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust
33
What origin story of the universe can be tested scientifically?
Modern Scientific
Big Bang
Judeo-Christian
Iroquois
34
Einstein's Theory of General Relativity states that (choose best):
physics for nonmoving and moving frames are not the same
physics for accelerated (and non-acc) frames not the same.
Bend of space-time depend. on mass; gravity = acceleration.
the speed of light is constant.
35
What is the key feature of obtaining scientific data (both qualitative & quantitative) ?
Remote-use of electronic sensors
Pure Observation
All of the above
Observation made by specifically designed experiments
36
Which of the following is not a legitimate ‘step’ of the scientific process?
Ask a question
Make an observation
Make a hypothesis
They are all legitimate steps
37
What does Olber’s paradox explain in terms of the light of stars never reaching each other?
The universe is in a steady-state
The universe is contracting.
The universe must be expanding
The universe in infinite
38
Steady State Theory suggests that the Universe is...
actually increasing in its rate of accelerated expansion.
always expanding, but at a constant rate.
not expanding.
moves in cycles, expanding and contracting.
39
What should researchers pay attention to when doing research?
Validity
Reliability
Both Reliability and Validity
Experiment
40
Which of the following were developments in our enhanced knowledge of the solar system?
Telescopes
Rockets
Computers
All of the above.
41
Relative dating can measure which type of date?
Precise date of when the fossil or rock was formed
The year the rock or fossil was formed
Approximate time period the rock or fossil was formed
All of the above.
42
The rate of expansion of the universe is ______.
Increasing
Decreasing
Constant (staying at same rate of change)
Changing
43
What are two, key pieces of evidence for the Big Bang Theory?
Cosmic Background Radiation & Microwaves
Electromagnetic Waves & Microwaves
Cosmic Background Radiation & Red-shift
Red-shift and Electromagnetic Waves
44
Einstein says the laws of physics are the same for all non-accelerating observers and....
& the universal law of gravitation explains speed of light.
be the same age if you travel to/fro Earth, as Earthlings.
that all is relative.
objects of mass distort space-time & speed of light constant
45
Which of the following was a factor that challenged the geocentric model?
The position of planets over time compared to the stars
The size of planets
The orbit of moons around Jupiter
The color of the planets
46
In a nuclear fusion in a star, hydrogen atoms are fused into:
Oxygen
Heavier Hydrogen
Carbon
Helium
47
How long would one need to be traveling for to accomplish a light-year?
7.1 billion km
9.5 trillion km.
At the speed of light for one Earth year.
For at least 10 years at half the speed of light.
48
What is a major scientific difference between Law of Gravitation & General Relativity findings?
The scientists disagreed
Gravity changes with mass, but does not effect space-time.
Relativity not the same as Gravity, but 1 does explain other
One is a theory the other is a law
