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Biology Final Exam Review
Biology Final Exam Review
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1
The atomic number of an element is ALWAYS the same as...
number of neutrons the element contains
mass number and number of electrons
mass number
number of protons the element contains
2
The main role of the pancreas in digestion is to...
reabsorb water
produce enzymes
make bile
kill bacteria
3
The mass number of lithium, atomic number 3, is 7. How many neutrons does it contain?
4
3
6.9
7
4
The first principle of natural selection is that members of a species show...
DNA
traits
similarities
variation
5
DNA replication is said to be semi-conservative because...
only some of the DNA is copied
The coding sequence is conserved
half of the DNA is lost in the process
Half of the double helix is saved in each new copy
6
Is this a diploid or haploid cell?
haploid
diploid
7
Dark green beetles can camoflauge effectively in a plant species that was introduced. Which type of selection is this?
Artificial
Stabilizing
Disruptive
Directional
8
A structure that is still present from an ancestor but does not have a present day function.
homologous
vestigial
derived
analgous
9
What does the orange structure represent in the DNA diagram?
Nitrogen base
deoxyribose sugar
ribose sugar
phosphate group
10
A type of protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up the rate of a reaction is called a
triglyceride
glycerol
enzyme
disaccharide
11
Diploid cells become haploid cells during which process?
meiosis
mitosis
DNA replication
transcription
12
Codominance means that a heterozygous individual will show a phenotype that is...
the dominant phenotype
the recessive phenotype
a blend of the alleles phenotype
part one, part the other phenotype
13
A scientific theory is not very reliable.
F
T
14
How many protons does an atom of sodium contain?
12
23
22.9
11
15
A man is not colorblind, his wife is a carrier of the gene. They have a son. What are the chances the son is colorblind?
100%
25%
0%
50%
16
Which describes how molecules move in simple diffusion?
Movement requires energy
Move through channel proteins
Move from low to high concentration
Move from high to low concentration
17
Identify the organ.
pancreas
gall bladder
liver
stomach
18
The main role of the small intestine is to...
reabsorb water into body
absorb nutrients into body
make bile
produce enzymes
19
Beetles living on an island range from light green to dark green in color. What is the variation?
A second beetle population
Range of green color
Amazon Rainforest
Beetle competition for food
20
What is the relationship between these chromosomes?
homologous
sister chromatids
duplicates
heterozygous
21
What is a function of the mitochondria?
convert sunlight into glucose
convert sugar to energy
provide rigidity to plant cells
package proteins
22
In a DNA molecule, hydrogen bonds are found between
phosphates
bases
bases and sugars
bases and ribosomes
23
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA copied?
Mitosis
G1
S
G2
24
The enzyme that unzips the DNA strands during replication is called
Ribosomal RNA
DNA helicase
DNA primer
DNA polymerase
25
The allele frequency in a population changes because new members arrive and interbreed.
mutation
sexual selection
natural selection
gene flow
26
Which is NOT a reason energy is lost between trophic levels?
Lost as heat
Lost as feces
Used in photosynthesis
Used in metabolism
27
What is shared in a covalent bond between atoms?
neutrons
electrons
protons
mass
28
Mistletoe plants taps into other plants, accessing their water and nutrients; but not killing them.
Commensalism
Predator Prey
Parasitism
Mutualism
29
The molecules most commonly compared to determine evolutionary relationships are...
Glycogen and Cellulose
Starches and sugars
Triglycerides and cholesterol
DNA and proteins
30
Mom has type O blood. Dad is heterozygous for type A. What is the chance of a type O child?
0%
75%
25%
50%
31
Cells with n=10 (haploid) chromosomes become 2n=20 (diploid) when a ____________ is produced.
zygote
gene
gamete
duplicate cell
32
You are testing the effect of temperature on the heart rate of lizards. What is the Independent Variable?
varying temperature
age of the lizard
number of lizards
lizard heart rate
33
What is a function of the ribosome?
store waste
protect genetic information
produce energy
make proteins
34
Traits that are similar in structure, different in function and imply a common ancestry.
homologous
vestigial
analagous
derived
35
Which best describes the parents genotypes?
heterozygous x heterozygous
Heterozygous x homozygous recessive
Homozygous dominant x homozygous recessive
heterozygous x homozygous dominant
36
The ultimate goal of translation is to make....
cells
amino acids
proteins
new DNA
37
One species benefits and the other is not affected.
Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism
Predator Prey
38
An experiment is testing the effect of temperature on lizard heart rate. What is the Dependent Variable?
Lizard heart rate
Number of Lizard
The age of the lizard
Varying temperatures
39
Which phase of mitosis is the cell undergoing?
Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Telophase
40
A person with blue eyes and a person with brown eyes have...
have different genotypes, make same proteins
same genotypes, make different proteins
have different phenotypes, make same proteins
different phenotypes, different proteins
41
The building blocks of proteins are
fatty acids
nucleotides
amino acids
glucose
42
Which would not be found in an animal cell?
chloroplast, cell wall
vacuole, cell wall
mitochondria, lysosome
chloroplast, cell membrane
43
What is a function of a chloroplast?
convert glucose to energy
provide rigidity to plant cells
convert sunlight to sugar
package proteins
44
Which is NOT a way carbon is taken out of the atmosphere?
Dissolving in ocean
Planting Trees
Burning Fossil Fuels
Photosynthesis
45
If an allele is dominant, it is more likely to be passed on to the next generation.
True
False
46
How many chromosomes are in this cell?
6
12
24
3
47
Which organic molecule stores energy and is also a component of the cell membrane?
proteins
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
48
A scientific theory is...
A statement of an observation
just a guess
Likely to change dramatically over time
Likely to change slightly over time
49
Which is NOT a reason meiosis happens?
Create gametes (egg or sperm)
To replace worn out cells
Make haploid cells
Create variation in reproductive cells
50
To be tentative means...
To keep an open mind
To never trust data
To wait until somethings been proven to believe it
To know that theories are unreliable
51
Which enzyme is correctly matched with it's substrate (molecule it breaks down)?
amylase; protein
lipase; lipid
helicase; lipid
pepsin; starch
52
What is the function of tRNA?
Brings amino acids to the growing polypeptide
is shaped like a T and makes RNA
moves RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
translates ATCG to AUCG
53
What are some examples of important nucleic acids in humans?
hormones
amino acids
DNA and RNA
saturated fats
54
Identify the organ.
small intestine
stomach
pancreas
large intestine
55
A controlled experiment...
Has the IV held constant
all variables, other than the IV, are held constant
Has a control group
Always produces the same results
56
When a trait in a population is selected because of chance, this is ....
gene flow
genetic drift
sexual selection
natural selection
57
What is the trophic level of the bird?
Primary or Secondary Consumer
Tertiary or Secondary Consumer
Producer or Decomposer
Primary Consumer or Producer
58
Identify the molecule:
nucleic acid
glucose
amino acid
fatty acid
59
Stem cells are unique because they...
multiply
Can become many types of tissue
become one type of tissue
can be inserted into any species
60
The ultimate goal of transcription is to make...
new DNA
protein
rewritten copy of genetic code in the form of mRNA
mRNA that stays in nucleus
61
An allele becomes common when it offers a species a better chance of survival and reproduction.
random mating
genetic drift
gene flow
natural selection
62
What is a function of the nucleus?
produce energy
store waste
make proteins
protect genetic information
63
What is a function of the plasma membrane?
produce proteins
controls what enters and leaves the cell
give cells a rigid shape
break down waste
64
What type of cell is produced during mitosis?
somatic cells
gametes
zygotes
reproductive cells
65
Which type of inheritance pattern is shown?
dominant
X-linked recessive
blood type
recessive
