CSAD 620 Major Divisions — Functional Cortex

what anatomical structure makes up the primary auditory cortex (A1)?

the primary site of conscious perception of sound & recognition of speech & language in human species

gyri are the “hills” we can see on the outside view of the brain

“M1 homunculus: more coverage a body landmark has, the ____ neurons there are available to move that body landmark.”

processes, organizes, packages, & sends information to other areas for further processing

the __ helps us sound out & learn new words; it is also used in phonological processing/reading novel words

the ____ is involved important neural networks for speech & language production & comprehension

the largest lobe in the cerebral cortex is the

the SMA proper (caudal) is responsible for being active in…..

M1 (or pre-central gyrus) is an association area

the parietal lobe is known as the multimodal sensory center of the cerebrum

damage to the supramarginal gyrus can result in phonological dyslexia, which means…..

“the what of vision; analyzes forms, colors, & faces”; temporal info; object details can be stored & sent for processing

wernicke’s area takes raw data (lexical & phonological info) & maps it to stored info to help w/ auditory comprehension

“the where of vision; analyzes motion & spatial relationships” ; parietal info; useful for reading

the pre-central gyrus receives motor inputs from the ___, ___, & ___

the lobe known as the visual cortex; where the ventral and dorsal streams begin

this memory area may fire spontaneously without sensory input

which of these is NOT true about the responsibilities of the frontal lobe?

trigeminal pathways are important pathways for speech

the 4 principal anatomical & functional subdivisions of the cerebral hemispheres are called

the supramarginal & angular gyrus are NOT involved in reading

commands from association cortices must be fully sequenced before they are sent to the primary sites

the FEF is thought to regulate conjugate saccades of the eyes.

visual association areas group features & output them to the ___ & ___ of the cerebrum for integration

damage to the angular gyrus can lead to alexia and acaluclia

the temporal association areas help assign emotional quality to sensory experiences related to object recognition by

no auditory stimulus but you hear something that is not there

the inferior parietal lobule is made of the ____ & the ____

the central sulcus separates the ___ & the ___

which of these does Broca’s area NOT play a role in?

Which of these structures is located near/within the superior temporal gyrus is responsible for ONLY auditory detection

sensory homunculus (s1): more neurons given to areas with more sensory receptors = provide more skilled movement

which premotor cortex sub-area is used for limb movements & may be useful for writing?

the SMA within the premotor cortex does NOT have 2 branches that handle different levels of sequencing.

the angular gyrus is more caudal than the supramarginal gyrus

a massive tract of axons located at the bottom of the longitudinal cerebral fissures is called the ____

“the sensation of knowing where your body is in space”

reading does NOT require the perception of graphemes (visual component; letters & numbers)

___ has somatotopically representation of the body’s sensory surfaces

the inferior frontal gyrus uses output from the temporal association areas to

A1 is organized tonotopically by sound, this means it is organized by

which temporal gyrus is responsible for hearing & auditory comprehension?

“strongly active during the direction of attention; interprets visual & spatial info during performance of action”

this area was traditionally viewed as “the seat of speech motor control activity”

which premotor cortex sub-area is used to sequence complex movements (like speech)?

this area of the frontal lobe is active during the development & planning of actions; projects info directly to M1

the “grooves” of the cerebrum are called

which frontal lobe structure is important for vestibular function?

primary sites are responsible for raw information input and direct output to the body (execution)

when you are day dreaming, planning our details of your day, or contemplating past life experiences, your __ is active

the lobe responsible for problem solving, executive function, & working memory

dorsal & ventral pathways exit ___ to superior/inferior lobule for processing; also exit ___

the __ is involved in processing auditory & language info & reading facial emotions; may play role in hallucinations

“name all the farm animals you can” is an example of

color, shading, form, orientation, visual field source, & contrast all make up

semantic categories are best described as…

subcortical structures (basal ganglia, hippocampus, amygdala, insula & white matter) are NOT parts of the cerebrum

which nuclei does the the Frontal-Eye Fields (FEF) NOT project information to?

the main function of M1 is to receive motor plans & send info down to the muscles

the parietal lobe discriminates special senses

the parietal lobe has 3 zones, which of these is NOT considered a zone within the parietal lobe?

“cognition, purpose/desire to move, personality, social behavior” describes executive functions of the ____

the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) inputs relate to steregnosis, proprioception, noxious, and thermal sensations

the prefrontal cortex has massive connections. which of these is NOT an area that receives communication with the PFC?

pre-SMA (rostral) is responsible for being active in…..

which gyrus within the inferior parietal lobule is involved in reading & math?

the premotor cortex has 2 parts: the ___ & the ___

the__ detects visual stimuli based on feature; located in occipital lobe

“a critical region for being able to detect & discriminate all forms of somatic inputs (like spatial awareness)”

the cerebrum, split into 2 hemispheres called the cerebral hemispheres, are split by the _____

the pre-motor area (PMA) plans actions of the limbs based on visual input.

which gyrus within the inferior parietal lobule is responsible for storing auditory representations of phonemes

a brain area that is active “at rest”

the superior temporal gyrus is organized by frequency just like the basilar membrane in the ear.

between the 2 scenarios, which would be more largely represented on the M1 homunculus?

the temporal association areas are necessary for the

“name all the animals you can that start with /k/“ is an example of

has subcortical connections to the nuclei of the thalamus, basal ganglia, reticular formation, and neuromodulary nuclei

M1 received somatosensory inputs (tactile & proprioceptive) from the ___ & ___

the lateral sulcus is located above the superior temporal gyrus

____ serves as the information processing hub & center of all integrative operations of the cerebrum

the frontal lobe uses V1 inputs for executive function processes & the performance of goal directed actions

broca’s area does NOT play a role in aiding in the interpretation of context and semantic processing

which gyrus within the inferior parietal lobule may also be involved in understanding metaphors & sensor of embodiment?

the middle & inferior temporal, known as object recognition areas, receive input from ALL but

the lobe responsible for auditory & language comprehension neural circuits, memory, & identification of complex objects

in development, emergence of speech-language absolutes can occur in the frontal lobe.

which is NOT true about M1?

the parietal lobe is linked to motor control areas of the frontal lobe & is the sensory complement to motor performance

The Brodmann’s map consist of ___ areas

the angular gyrus receives information about lines & circles taken in by the occipital lobe to decipher them into words

“discrimination of 3D objects by touch alone”

wernicke’s area retrieves memorized/stored words by axons communicating with the medial & inferior temporal gyri