FINAL REVIEW

A permanent committee.

congressional pay raises are not begun until the next election

organizations set up by interest groups especially to collect $$$ to support favored candidates

Government policy that attempts to manage the economy by controlling taxing and spending

Exports are greater than imports (trade surplus - make money)

Clause in the First Amendment that says the government may not establish an official religion

the combination of two or more firms competing in the same market with the same good or service

How many judges are on the US Supreme Court?

School racial segregation is unconstitutional; overturned "separate but equal"

Do jobs that typically involve manual labor, such as factor work or an auto mechanic

a court order requiring appearance and/or testimony

individual part of the platform

States cannot deny any person the right to vote because of race.

The number of representatives in the House.

A combination of mixed markets and command economies

results from a combination of scarce resources and people's virtually unlimited wants

combination of 2 or more firms involved in different stages of the same good or service

market price has reached the level at which quantity supplied equals quantity demanded

What term means lying under oath?

The desire to own something and the ability to pay for it

The amount of a good or service that producers are willing and able to sell at a certain price

divide the GDP by the number of people who live in the nation

separation of votes for President and Vice President

series of statements expressing the party principles, beleifs and positions on election issues

Determines appropriate land use

is a gov't ran by the church or a religious person

The number of representatives in the Senate

Prohibits the forced quartering of soldiers during peacetime.

Fed attempts to manage the economy by controlling the money supply and thus interest rates

Costs that do not vary with the quantity of output produced (e.g. rent)

A Grand Jury hearing can lead to a what, also known as a formal charge?

Local laws

Procedure whereby the state submits legislation to its voters for approval,

When a few companies have control over the price and quality of a product

One State cannot be sued by another state

Limits the president to two terms or 10 years.

Prohibits or limits trade or commerce with a specific country

A situation in which quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded

Another term for the person accused of a crime is?

A temporary joint committee set up when House and Senate pass different versions of a bill.

the death penalty

talking a bill to death in the senate

An increase in the overall level of prices in the economy

Land, Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurship

Deals with rules and practices of trade among nations (international trade)

Slaves were property and could not sue. Missouri Compromise ruled unconstitutional.

Congress begins on January 30th; President starts on January 20th"Lame-duck" Amendment

no unlawful searches and seizures (requires search warrant)

highest law enforcement agency

Prohibited state-sponsored recitation of (even nonsectarian) prayer in public schools

outlines the powers of congress (legislative branch)

Upheld internment of Japanese-Americans. "Pressing public necessity" may limit civil rights.

a bill originated by the people rather than lawmakers

Dividing a job into smaller tasks

Freedom of religion, assembly, petition, press and speech

vote to end a filibuster

Abolishes poll taxes

What term describes a private wrong against a person or property?

Established judicial review & power of the Supreme Court.

Limited resource to fufill unlimited want and needs

You have the right to a speedy trial.

States cannot deny the right to vote based on gender

Reverse discrimination: a white student challenged a quota system at a medical school.

A theory that the costs of production as a means of stimulating the economy

rights retained by the people, that some rights were not listed out

agreement in which the people who form the government and agree to obey its laws

When a company is not wholly responsible when something goes wrong

Exec agency that protects the consumer by setting regulations on products sold in the market

geographic area containing specific number of voters

federal government has only those powers specifically granted by the Constitution.

A legal minimum on the price at which a product can be sold; often results in surpluses

As prices rises, suppliers will produce more of that good or service.

were people for the Constitution because they believed in a strong national gov't

Right to bear arms.

president leaves a law unsigned on his desk while congress is not in session

rebellion of farmers in PA losing farms to high taxes - showed Articles of Confederation weak

Decisions are based on traditions

The accused must be informed of their rights prior to any questioning.

Ordered states to provide lawyers for those unable to afford them in criminal proceedings

"Reasonable suspicion" (rather than probable cause) standard for school searches

Government controls resources and makes decisions

called for representation to Congress to be equal for each state

people accused of a crime & judged not guilty may not be put on trial again for the same crime

specific powers granted by the Constitution to Congress and to the president

Cost of the next best alternative use of money, time, or resources

Used in place of another good

a law established by following earlier judicial decisions

Goods that are both nonrival and nonexcludable such as roadways, schools, and the military

Alternating periods of economic expansion and recession (expansion>peak>recession>trough)

only members of the party are allowed to vote

gave rights to people in England - took away King's right to absolute monarchy

number one source of revenue for a county

believed in strong state's rights and not having a powerful national government

Individuals own resources and make decisions according to the laws of supply and demand

Phrase coined by Adam Smith to refer to the self-regulating nature of a free marketplace

(1) No Self-Incrimination (2) No Double Jeopardy (3) "due process of law" (fair treatment)

submitting to popular vote the removal of officials from office before the end of their term

Right to jury in civil trials.

SC decision held that public school curricular student newspapers can be censored.

the sum of money paid by a company to it's shareholders as profit.

outlines the powers of executive branch, or law making branch

Repeal of Prohibition

a cost that rises or falls depending on how much is produced (e.g. labor cost)

Protects right to burn American flag in protest. Protects symbolic speech.

called for representation in congress to be based on a state's population

The number one state expenditure

Trade treaty between the US, Canada and Mexico; sought to remove trade barriers

British laws in response to the Boston Tea Party (took away colonists civil rights)

The overall cost of operating at a particular rate of production

Keeps records of land ownership, marriages, births and deaths

Gives Washington DC electoral college votes as if it were a state

War b/t France & Great Britain for supremacy in NC (caused colonial heavy taxation)

established the commerce clause saying the federal government can regulate interstate commerce

outlines the powers of judicial branch, or law enforcing branch

Money left over after all expenses have been paid

Used together with another good

Supreme Court ruled that busing could be used to increase racial diversity in public schools.

Elected; highest law enforcement officer in the county; oversee the jail, etc.

Students can use symbolic political speech on school property (armbands to protest Vietnam War)

A situation in which quantity demanded is greater than quantity supplied

Law that punishes a person accused of a crime without a trial or fair hearing in court

Presidents may not use executive privilege to break the law or cover up.

Student used sexual references during speech and was suspended. Court ruled in favor of school.

Established the direct election of senators (instead of being chosen by state legislatures)

Abolished slavery.

What term is used to describe when the accused waives his/her right to a jury?

A market in which there are many buyers but only one seller

consumers buy more of a good when its price decreases and less when its price increases

Established "separate by equal" doctrine of racial segregation.

power of the SC to declare laws and actions the government unconstitutional

Power of Congress to tax income

(1) All persons born in the U.S. are citizens; (2) DUE PROCESS OF LAW; (3) EQUAL PROTECTION

hears the evidence of the case to decide if there is enough evidence to bring someone to trial

Head of the executive branch in the state of North Carolina

Typically work in offices; management

a writ ordering a prisoner to be brought before a judge

Succession of VP if president dies or become incapable to do his job

Cities, towns, villages

a relatively minor offense such as vandalism or stealing inexpensive items

said for every 5 slaves, 3 would count in a state's population

the body of laws created by legislative statutes

Established exclusionary rule; illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court

States cannot deny the right to vote based on age (18+)

Prohibition of alcohol

in VA - 1st representative democracy in the New World

A model that shows the flow of goods and services among households, businesses, and banks

Powers that the Constitution gives to both the national and state governments

Government cannot inflict cruel and unusual punishment.

The burden of proof rests with the?

Established national supremacy; use of Elastic Clause; states can't tax federal institutions.