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Sciene Final Part 1 Flashcards | StudBud
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Sciene Final Part 1
Sciene Final Part 1
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1
Cytoplasmic division of the cell is called _______.
cell plate formation
cytokinesis
furrowing
mitosis
2
Which structure separates the contents of the cell from the surrounding environment.
nuclear membrane
plasma membrane
Golgi
lysosomal membrane
3
Living things respond to _____, signals that come from within or form the environment.
DNA
stimuli
metabolism
cells
4
Which of the following does NOT describe a living thing
cannot respond to the environment
ability to reproduce
requires energy to function
made of one or more cells
5
Programmed cell death
meiosis
mitosis
cytokinesis
apoptosis
6
What is the role of cyclin(s) in a cell
it continues the movement of microfilaments
it regulates the cell divison
it causes the nucleolus to disappear
stimulates cellular respiration
7
DNA is coiled, folded, and twisted into short condensed strands around histone proteins, it is called ______.
chromosomes
centrioles
genes
chromatin
8
Which off the following describes the composition of cell membranes
Cell membrane is composed of cellulose
cell membrane is composed of cytoplasm
cell membrane is composed of carbohydrate chains
cell membrane are composed of lipids molecules, which provides a flexible S
9
Which of the following events is best represented by the diagram
the locations of specific genes on DNA
the packing of DNA into chromatin
the transcription of genes into mRNA
the binding sites of DNA polymerase
10
The cells of all organisms contain DNA. In cells of which of the following groups in the cellular DNA enclosed in a nuc?
eukaryotic
bacteria
prokaryotic
viruses
11
In the metric system, what do the kilograms, kilometers, and kilo-calorie have in common
All measure the same type of quantity, and are interchangeable
all are units 1000 times smaller than a base unit
All are units 1 million times larger than a base unit
All are units 1000 times larger than a base unit
12
The common name for cat in Spanish is gato. Why can't such names be used instead of scientific names.
To recognize an organism in the literature, a scientist would have to know
The scientific name begins to tie the organism into related groups
all o the above
Common names include different sets of organisms
13
#24 is pointing to the
centrioles
plasma membrane
Golgi apparatus
RER
14
RE: the case study at the end of the chapter; the job of developing new kinds of plants and new ways to raise plants....
florist
agronomist
forecast ranger
herbalist
15
Which describes active transport, but not passive transport
particles diffuse directly through the lipid bi-layer
requires cellular energy
moves particles from high concentration to low concentration
moves particles across the cell membrane
16
During interphase, ___________________
DNA duplicates itself
centrioles seperate
two nuclei split
the cell is at rest
17
Scientific Field: Combining the latest genetic info with the computer tech to organize all living into a system
Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease.
Building The Tree of Life
Global Ecology
Genomics and Molecular Biology
18
Living things also _______, either sexually or asexually
have DNA
have homeostasis
respond to environment
reproduce
19
Why are proteins involved in active transport often called "pumps"
they use energy to move a substance with its concentration gradient
they use energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient
they use energy to bind the substances to the carrier
they use energy to dislodge the substance from the carrier
20
Which of the following statement is NOT correct regarding the plasma membrane structure
protein molecules may be partially or wholly embedded
proteins are located only on one side of the cell
phospholipids have a fluid consistency
phospholipids form a bi-layer
21
How many kg are in 9000 g
900
900,000
90
9
22
The chemical reactions of ______ help an organism use material and energy to stay alive.
reproduction
metabolism
stimuli
DNA
23
Which microscope uses electrons to provide a three-dimensional view of the surface of an object
scanning-probe microscope
light microscope
scanning-electron microscope
transmission electron microscope
24
What is the correct scientific name for humans
Homo sapiens
homo sapiens
sapiens Homo
sapiens homo
25
A ________ is a logical interpretation of observation(s) based upon what scientists already know
deduction
inference
compunction
hypothesis
26
Which of the following does NOT apply to active transport
transports molecules from high to low concentration area
requires a carrier or channel protein
the carrier protein binds reversibly to transported substances
requires ATP
27
Which of the following statements is FALSE.
cell walls are found in plants but not in animals
cell walls are found outside the plasma membrane of a cell
cell walls give cells rigidity
cell walls are fund inside the plasma membrane cell
28
Structure #5 refers to the
polar head
carbohydrate chain
transport chain
nonpolar tails
29
Which organelle in a PLANT CELL fills with water when plants are placed in a hypotonic solution
Golgi apparatus
central vacuole
lysosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
30
Which of the following is NOT a function of cell division
repair of multicellular organisms
growth and repair within multicellular organisms
growth of multicellular organisms
aerobic cellular respiration of multicellular organisms
31
Which of the following is NOT true about cancer cells
they spend less time in the interphase than normal cells
they crowd out normal cells
they exhibit uncontrolled growth
the only occur in previously weakened organisms
32
What Scientific field is this: Relating genes and DNA form wide range of organisms to growth, development, and aging
Global Ecology
Genomics and Molecular Biology
Building The Tree of Life
Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease
33
If a cell is to divide, when do the organelles, such as the ribosomes and mitochondria, duplicate
telophase
anaphase
interphase
metaphase
34
At the start of ________, the sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosome move toward the poles
anaphase
prophase
interphase
telophase
35
According to the _____ theory prokaryotes entered eukaryotic cells and both cells benefited from the relationship.
biogenesis
evolution
cell
gene
36
A record of one's observations using either numerical values or a description of characteristics.
hypothesis
data
conclusion
experimenting
37
Which two statements provide evidence to support evidence to the classification of viruses as Nonliving choose two
viruses do not respond to changes in the environment around them
viruses are made up of proteins, nuclei acids, and sometimes lipids
Viruses contain genetic information in the form of nucleic acid
viruses must infect living cells in order to reproduce
38
Which of the following is NOT an example of quantitative research
numerical data
calculation of enzyme speed
measurements from a lab experiment
field study of hunting behavior
39
all living things are made up of cells and have _______, which carries the genetic code
metabolism
stimuli
DNA
homeostasis
40
A ______ is the factor that remains fixed in an experiment.
test group
dependent variable
constant
experimental data
41
A ______ protein changes shape in order to help move substances across the membrane
receptor
channel
cell recognition
carrier
42
From the left to right and top to bottom, what are the names of the processes shown in the diagram
prophase,metaphase,anaphase, telophase
prophase,telophase,metaphase, anaphase
prophase,anaphase,metaphase, telophase
metaphase,pophase,telophase, anaphase
43
According to the cell theory, ______
the smallest unit of life is a nucleus
animals but not plants are composed of cells
all organisms are composed of tissues
new cells arise from preexisting cells
44
After the S phase, how many copies of a
single
chromosome are there
four
forty-six
eight
two
45
The cell membrane is made of ______.
an oil firm of lipid only
lipid and protein building blocks
cellulose and protein building blocks
a network of cellulose
46
#23 is pointing to a
lysosome
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
chloroplast
47
#22 is pointing to the
SER
RER
Golgi apparatus
nuclear envelope
48
'What has gone wrong' with cancerous cells
there are fewer numbers of chromosomes in a cancerous cell
there are greater number of chromosomes in a cancerous cell
There are defects in the genes that regulate cell growth and division
cancer cells undergo apoptosis at a faster rate than normal cells
49
Living things respond to stimuli. Which of the following is NOT a response to a stimulus
Leaves of plants track the movements of the sun during the day.
Organs are composed of tissue, and each tissue contains groups of similar C
Touching a hot stove causes the hand to quickly move away
The pupils of the human eye dilate in a dark environment
50
Structure #4 refers to the
nonpolar tails
polar head
transport chain
carbohydrate chain
51
Which type of microscope has a useful magnification limit of about 1000x
light microscope
scanning electron microscope
transmission electron microscope
scanning-probe microscope
52
Which organelles allow plants to support heavy structures such as leaves and flowers
the chloroplasts because they convert sunlight into chemical energy
the vacuoles because they are filled with fluids, which provides rigidity
the cell membrane because they regulate what enters and leaves.
The Golgi apparatus because they are filled with fluid
53
Which of the following would be an example of pseudoscience (false science)
forecasting the future using horoscopes.
communicating data in tables/graphs
observing interactions of organisms in their environment.
studying genes
54
After her run, Aisha felt thirsty. Thirst was her body's way of telling her she needed more water to maintain
metabolism
development
homeostasis
growth
55
A scientific ______ is a well-tested explanation of natural phenomena that unifies a broad range of observations and Hyp
theory
hypothesis
law
conclusion
56
Which is NOT a correct association concerning mitosis
cytokinesis-division of the cytoplasm
sister chomatids- two identical chromosome pair attached at the centromere.
mitosis- when a cell duplicate and then divides twice to reduce the chromos
centromere- point where sister chromatids remain attached
57
What structure is found in prokaryotic cells but not eukaryotic cells
a chromosome found within a membrane-bound nucleus
a shorter, condensed chromosome in the nucleus
a chromosome that contains many histones
a single, circular DNA chromosomes found in the cytoplasm
58
Most organisms maintain a stable internal environment and the process by which they do this is _____
reproduction
DNA
stimuli
homeostasis
59
What type of cell is this pictured in this diagram
prokaryotic
animal
fungal
eukaryotic
60
When graphing scientific data, which variable would be placed on the x-axis.
dependent variable
either a or b is correct
controlled variable
independent variable
61
Scientific Field: Investigating how the activities of all living things organisms affect Earth's atmosphere and climate
Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease
Global Ecology
Genomics and Molecular Biology
Building The Tree Of Life
62
which of the following happens when cancer occurs
Apoptosis or programmed cell death takes place
cells cannot pass the G1 checkpoint
The control of the cell cylce is impaired
The cells can no longer enter the cell cycle
63
Structure #3 refers to the
transport protein
carbohydrate chain
nonpolar tails
polar head
64
The next higher level of biological organization above the cell is the _____
organ system
organ
atom
tissue
65
What Scientific field is this: Research with HIV, bird flu, drug-resistant bacteria, and other pathogens.
Global Ecology
Ecology and Evolution of Infections Diseases
Building The Tree Of Life
Genomics and Molecular Biology
66
What cell-cycle process accounts for humans losing their tail after 4-6 weeks
blood transfusion
cytokinesis
spinal treatment
apoptosis
67
A personal, rather than scientific, POV for or against something.
bias
hypothesis
belligernece
superstition
68
Which is usually the last step in the scientific method
formulate a hypothesis
accumulate scientific data
conduct an experiment with a control group
draw a conclusion on the basis of the experiment
69
The general approach scientists employ to gather info is known as the ________.
scientific method
hit or miss method
Darwinian method
random choice method
70
The process by which a vesicle is formed at the plasma membrane to bring substances into the cell _____
hemolysis
exocytosis
endocytosis
plasmolysis
71
Which of the following is the correct order for the cell cycle
G1,S,G2,M,C
S,G2,M,G1,C
S,M,G1,G2,C
S, G1, G2, C
72
Where are proteins modified, sorted, and packaged
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
RER
ribosomes
Golgi apparatus
73
A scientific _____ ideally should test a hypothesis by manipulating only one variable
experiment
hunch
conclusion
theory
74
Which of the following is not a question that the field of science can answer?
where does fertilization take place
should fertilization be assisted in vitro.
when does fertilization take place
how does fertilization take place
75
A number of scientists made contributions to the cell theory. Which scientists used a light microscope to observe a cork
Matthias Schleiden
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Robert Hooke
Theodor Schwann
76
Which of the following statements is NOT typical for cancer cells
they undergo apoptosis
They tend to be unspecialized
they have defective genes
they may form tumors that metastasize
77
What type of cell is pictured to the diagram
plant
prokaryotic
bacterial
eukryotic
78
#19 is pointing to
nucleolus
DNA
nucleus
nuclear envelope
79
In mitosis, the chromosomes line up on the mid-line of the cell during _______.
cytokinesis
telophase
anaphase
metaphase
80
Developing and using models, making observations, and using mathematics apply to
science only
both science and engineering
engineering only
neither science nor engineering
81
the cell cycle consists of _______.
interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
metaphase, interphase, and cytokinesis
prophase, interphase, and cytokinesis
meiosis and mitosis
82
Which theory states that all organisms are composed of cells.
evolution theory
bio-genesis theory
gene theory
cell theory
83
The name for the curved shape that a fluid (such as water) will take in a glass tube (such as a graduated cylinder).
ellipse
meningitis
eminence
meniscus
84
Which type of solution will have the SAME solute concentration on both sides of the plasma membrane?
hypotonic
isotonic
hypertonic
gin & tonic
85
Cells are very small because _________.
large cells have an adequate surface area for exchanging nutrients and wast
small cells have an adequate surface area for exchanging nutrients and wast
large cells would increase the size of the organism
small cells metabolize faster than larger cells
86
Which of the following comparison is NOT correct
prophase- chromosomes appear
interphase- DNA replication
anaphase- daughter chromosomes move toward the poles
telophase- spindle appears
87
What is the main goal, discussed in the case study, of persons who perform this job?
to develop new ways to raise plants
to help farms and greenhouses run as efficiently as possible
to develop new kinds of plants
all of the above
88
The information center of the cell is the ______
mitochondria
nucleus
chloroplast
nucleoli
89
How many centimeters are in 435 millimeters
4.35
.435
43.5
4350
90
#20 is pointing to the
cytoskeleton
cell envelope
cell wall
plasma membrane
91
Structure #6 refers to the
transport chain
polar head
nonpolar tail
carboydrate chain
92
Which of the following organelles is the principle and distinguishing feature of the eukaryotic cell
nucleus
lysosomes
ribosomes
chloroplasts
93
The body temp of humans fluctuates only slightly during the day. This is an example of which characteristic of life
Living things are organized
Living things reproduce
Living things are adapted
Living things are homeostatic
94
Which of the following is NOT a common treatment for cancer
chemical treatment
surgical removal
radiation treatment
blood transfusion
95
a hypothesis is _________.
a conceptual scheme supported by many experiments
an explanation of observed results
a results of deductive reasoning
a testable explanation of a phenomena
96
Which of the following organelles has double membrane with pores
lysosomes
nucleus
Golgi apparatus
mitochondria
97
Prior to division, each chromosomes consists of two genetically identical parts
chromatin
sister chromatids
nucleosomes
dyads
98
Which type of organelle forms a membrane system of channels, which are connected with the nuclear envelope and branches
mitochondira
Golgi apparatus
ER
microtubules
99
#18 is pointing to the
lysosomes
RER
Golgi apparatus
SER
100
#21 is pointing to a
cytoplasm
lysosome
nuclear pore
Golgi apparatus
