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Duplicate of AP Government Review
Duplicate of AP Government Review
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StudBud Administration
A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam. #apgovernment
Flashcards
304 cards
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Questions
304
Answers
1
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
politics
press conference
narrowcast
newscast
2
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
3
Who makes up the interpreting population for the court system?
police officers & teachers
attorneys
criminals
lawyers and judges
4
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but that have that affect are ok
Employment Division v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
Barron v. Baltimore
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
5
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Griswold v. Connecticut
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Roe v. Wade
Gideon v. Wainwright
6
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
7
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
due diligence
merit system
patronage
due process
8
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
party leaders
delegates
electors
voters
9
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
the nominee is relatively unknown
the nominee is older
it is the end of the President's second term
The Senate and President are from different parties
10
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
<p>appointments</p>
<p>reorganize budgets</p>
eliminate agencies
issue executive orders
11
Which leadership model would an elected official follow a majority of his constituents?
unicameral
trustee
delegate
politico
12
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are fiundraising
They are being nominated
They are being prepped for a debate
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
13
The advisor(s) with the least loyalty to the President tend to be
the Vice President
The cabinet
The Executive Offices
White House Staff
14
All of the following indicate an intention to return power to the states from the feds EXCEPT
nullification
devolution
Nixon's New Federalismj
extradition
15
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
unlawful searches
treason charges
quartering troops in your home
unlawful imprisonment
16
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
states have them on different dates
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
there is a ballot
they are more common than caucuses
17
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
18
House or Senate? Small states are disproportionately represented.
Both
Neither
Senate
House
19
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
US v. Nixon
McCain v. BCRA
20
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
fill vacancies
nominate officials
issue pardons
execute the law
21
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Miller v. California
Lemon v. Kutzman
Employment Division v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
22
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
Tutle IX
Gay Rights
Fuel Independence
The Equal Rights Amendment
23
Nixon's efforts to cut spending by refusing to spend money allocated by Congress was called
budget resolution
sequestration
impoundment
fiscal cliff
24
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
Only 12 states hold them
the whole process takes one day
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
25
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
it is shorter
It is longer
It is nonexistent
It is more in depth
26
All of the following are legislative bodies related to the budget process EXCEPT
<p>The Senate Finance Committee</p>
Congressional Budget Office
The House Ways and Means Committee
The Office of Management and Budget
27
The purposes of government are discussed in what part of the Constitution?
The Mutual Pledge
The Preamble
The Introduction
The Bill of Rights
28
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to see how high it will go without popping
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to launch a campaign
to mend fences after a scandal
29
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
scandal
leak
beat
interview
30
Teacher led prayers violate the
no establishment clause
equal protectiion clause
free exercise clause
due process clause
31
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
Christian
white
male
property owner
32
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
why we have polarization
Why we have two parties
Why third parties tend to fail
why we don't have radical parties in the US
33
All the following constitutionally "bind" states EXCEPT
privileges and immunities protections
extradition
dual federalism
full faith and credit clause
34
NASA, National Science Foundation are all examples of </p>
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
35
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
3/4
51%
unanimous
2/3
36
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
fundraising
the candidate's voting record
policy positions
"horserace" coverage
37
When does a federal judge leave office?
After 10 years
when they choose or die
After 5 years
after a no confidence vote
38
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
slander is spoken and libel is written
libel in spoken and slander is written
39
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a microphone
a light saber
a shovel
a pen
40
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
impeachment
judge appointments
file amicus curiae briefs
judicial review
41
What congressional office regulates the spending of public funds?
The Federal Reserve
The General Accounting Office
The Congressional Budget Office
The Bean Counting Patrol
42
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
retiring officials that become lobbyists
legislation that has wide appeal
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
43
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Federal Trade Commission
Public Broadcasting Corporation
Securities and Exchange Commission
Federal Communications Commission
44
Which of the following committees would be considered most powerful?
Ethics
Veteran's Affairs
Appropriations
Energy and Commerce
45
This amendment says Congress can't raise their own salaries.
26th
25th
27th
24th
46
When does a federal judge leave office?
after a no confidence vote
After 10 years
After 5 years
when they choose or die
47
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
eliminated the public funding option
required reporting of PAC contributions
48
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
The Chief Justice
The Solicitor General
the U.S. Marshalls
The Chief Magistrate
49
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the U.S. Congress
the states
the voters through referendum
the Suoreme Court
50
What types of election do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
policy elections
general elections
primaries
51
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
all war reporters are members of the military
52
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the circuit courts
the district courts
the Supreme Court
53
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
the winner take all system
campaign funding laws
voter apathy
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
54
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
low information
idealogues
nature of the times
groups benefits
55
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
NAACP v. Alabama
Gregg v. Georgia
Mapp v. Ohio
Miranda v. Arizona
56
How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?
The CBO is a partisan organization
The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes
The CBO is a watchdog on the GAO
The CBO is part of the Federal Reserve
57
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Shaw v. Hunt
Santa Clara v. Martinez
Reed v. Reed
Shaw v. Reno
58
Which of the following can the President do?
Declare war
Initiate laws
Initiate constitutional amendments
veto laws
59
Nixon's efforts to cut spending by refusing to spend money allocated by Congress was called
fiscal cliff
budget resolution
sequestration
impoundment
60
House or Senate? Has filibusters.
Senate
Neither
House
Both
61
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became apathetic towards the government
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became more protective of the president
62
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
making it harder to get on the ballot
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
giving free tv time to candidates
making it easier to register to vote
63
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
gender
wealth
sexual orientation
religion
64
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
liberal
conservative
65
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Patriot Act
Freedom Act
Wikileaks Act
Protect America Act
66
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Griswold v. Connecticut
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
67
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
68
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
1/2
100%
2/3
3/4
69
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
70
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
They more reliably vote for the party
they have a larger population
they raise the most money for the party
they have the most registered party members
71
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
splinter
protest
ideological
revolutionary
72
Most elected officials use this model of leadership
trustee model
politico model
agency model
instructed delegate model
73
What impact did the Great Depression and Civil Rights have on the feds' commerce power?
it was unchanged
expanded it / made bigger
contracted it / made smaller
it was inconsistent
74
This amendment protects states from lawsuits from people not living in the state.
12th
9th
10th
11th
75
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Republican
Democrat
76
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Disabled Accommodation Act
77
This amendment ended slavery
15th
12th
14th
13th
78
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
They are inherently patriotic
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They might alienate viewers
they need access to government officials
79
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Democrat
Republican
80
What is the largest source of revenue coming into the US government?
<p>Tariffs</p>
Fuel taxes
Income taxes
Corporate taxes
81
A disconnect between a law/ statute and the implementation is likely due to
due process
regulation
issue networks
adminstrative discretion
82
What indicator is most significantly correlated with presidential approval ratings?
character ratings
economic indicators
gold medals earned by the US at the Olympics
foreign policy achievements
83
According to the Constitution you must be at least 30 years old to hold what office?
U.S. Representative
U.S. President
U.S. Judge
U.S. Senator
84
What would be an effect of the U.S. adopting a unitary form of government instead of federal?
direct democracy
more powerful states
no states would exist
more uniformity
85
What was the first form of mass media?
telegraph
radio
television
daily newspapers
86
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
87
What American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Thomas Jefferson
William McKinley
Alexander Hamilton
Andrew Jackson
88
What is the President's primary role in national security?
Party Leader
UN Ambassador
Reprieves and pardons
Commander in Chief
89
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
writ of certiori
a warrant
opinion
oral argument
90
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
They must be unaninmous
they are either concurring or dissenting
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
All are written by the Chief Justice
91
Which of the following is not one of the purposes mentioned in the Preamble?
due process
ensure domestic tranquility
provide for the general welfare
establish justice
92
Uncontrollable expenditures result from
deficit spending
tax loopholes
entitlements
tax indexing
93
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
they participate in debates
they are taking clear positions on issues
they increase campaign spending
They are avoiding media attention
94
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They indicate the President's intentions
They are binding for the next President
They need UN approval
They need Senate approval
95
The United States government is accurately described as
a republic
a democracy
a unitary federation
an autocracy
96
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
voter fraud
providing government services
patronage
advertising
97
What president failed in his efforts to "pack" the Supreme Court with 6 more justices?
Franklin Roosevelt
Richard Nixon
Teddy Roosevelt
John Kennedy
98
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the President
the courts
the Congress
the states
99
Our nation's first government was a / an _________________.
confederation
direct democracy
unitary democracy
union
100
What article of the Constitution explains the judicial branch?
Article IV
Article I
Article III
Article II
101
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
declare war
veto
appointments
tax
102
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Democrat
Republican
103
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being female
being young
being wealthy
being educated
104
House or Senate? Has a rules committee.
Both
Neither
Senate
House
105
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Know Nothings and Whigs
Republicans and Democrats
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Democrats and Whigs
106
All of the following are new realities of the budget process due to polarization EXCEPT?
authorization bills
omnibus bills
fiscal cliffs
government shutdowns
107
How many levels are the federal court system?
three
four
five
two
108
Presidential authority to strip out parts of bills without rejecting the whole bill is known as
the pocket veto
the line item veto
ways and means
discretionary spending
109
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
assemble
vote
free speech
pray
110
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Government Corporations
Independent Executive Agencies
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
111
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Democrat
Republican
112
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
approve appintments
lobbying
deregulation
hearings
113
Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the federal government have?
to tax
negotiate treaties
to create courts
to regulate interstate trade
114
House or Senate? Committee assignments are based on seniority.
House
Both
Neither
Senate
115
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions:
judicial activism
judicial restraint
strict constructionism
due process
116
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
they focus on issues
They focus on individuals
they tend to be liberal
They focus on odd/ unusual
117
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
Fletcher v. Peck
Marbury v. Madison
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
118
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
the nightly news
tv ads
interviews with media
a poll
119
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all informal
They are all interest groups
They are all agents of socialization
They are all potential groups
120
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to rank and file party members would have a voice
to reward big fundraisers
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
121
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
incumbency
concurrent powers
fiscal federalism
fiscal policy
122
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to make delegate selection more democratic
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to regulate campaign finance
to streamline platform writing
123
Where is judicial review "covered" in the Constitution?
Article III
Article I
Article VI
It's not
124
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
agency model
trustee model
politico model
instructed delegate model
125
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The OMB
The Council on Economic Advisors
The White House Staff
The GOA
126
An incumbent
has a hareder time raising money
is seeking office for the first time
has a 50% chance of being successful.
is running for re-election
127
A judge appointed as a recess appointment can serve for no longer than
2 years
3 years
1 year
6 months
128
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
They coordinate closely with candidates
they disclose the names of contributors
they produce issue ads
They are for profit taxable organizations
129
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Democrat
Republican
130
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
seniority in committee assignments
expanded budget authority
support from interest groups
increased staff
131
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Schenk v. the United States
Gitlow v. New York
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Engel v. Vitale
132
The Bill of Rights represents what constitutional principle?
checks and balances
limited government
judicial review
separation of powers
133
What type of primary do political parties like best?
open
closed
unicameral
blanket
134
What branch of the federal government MAY be involved in amending the Constitution?
The Executive
The Bureaucracy
The Legislative
The Judicial
135
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
2/3 or 75%
100%
50% +1
the largest percentage of all candidates
136
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
pick candidates
articulate policies
run polls on election day
coordinate campaigns
137
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title XX
Title XI
Title V
Title IX
138
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
District Courts
Superior Courts
Circuit Courts
The Supreme Court
139
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
you vote more
You vote for Democrats
you get more conservative
you attend to the news
140
Across the board cuts that result when the budget process bogs down are called
regressive taxing
structural debt
sequestration
omnibus bills
141
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
NY Times v. Sullivan
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
142
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
limited contributions
required reporting of income/spending
required candidtes to take public funds
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
143
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
144
The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that
the stock market must be reformed
The federal government was regulating trade within states
farm subsidies are illegal
government regulation is illegal
145
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They felt the states were too powerful
They wanted a democracy
They feared a strong federal government
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
146
The most common vehicle the government uses to borrow money is
foreign banks
sequestration
bond sales
tax loopholes
147
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
Department of Defense make up the largest segment
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
148
House or Senate? Holds impeachment trials.
Senate
Neither
Both
House
149
In what part of the Constitution are political parties discussed?
Article III
Article V
Article II
No part
150
What text says, "We hold these truths to be self evident. . . all men are created equal . . "?
The Gettysburg Address
The Declaration of Independence
Common Sense
The Constitution
151
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
Pendleton Act
Hatch Act
The McKinley Act
The Stalwart Law
152
House or Senate? Allows floor amendments.
Senate
House
153
When is a party usually most cohesive in terms of voting as a bloc?
impeachment
leadership votes
domestic issues
when declaring war
154
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
gender
religion
race
age
155
What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?
You can only have one or the other, not both
Cooperative federalism caused fiscal federalism
fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism
cooperative federalism canceled fiscal federalism
156
Another term for prior restraint is
subpoena
arrest
censorship
warrant
157
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
age
gender
race
religion
158
The court case that broadly defined Congress' ability to control trade between states was
Dartmouth v. Woodward
Giibbons v. Ogden
Fletcher v. Peck
McCullough v. Maryland
159
House or Senate? Has a Speaker.
Both
House
Senate
Neither
160
<p>One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is</p>
passing laws
iron triangles
filing class action lawsuits
rule-making
161
This amendment clarified presidential succession should the President be ill but not dead.
23rd
24th
26th
25th
162
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of currency
the doctrine of sufficiency
163
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
consolidation of news outlets
the prevalence of sound bites
Internet ads
24 hour news channels
164
House or Senate? The Vice President breaks ties.
House
Both
Neither
Senate
165
When does a federal judge leave office?
after a no confidence vote
After 10 years
when they choose or die
After 5 years
166
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
conservative
liberal
167
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The House of Representatives
The President
The Senaste
The Electoral College
168
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
unlawful imprisonment
unlawful searches
quartering troops in your home
treason charges
169
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Democratic
Republican
Dixiecrat
Whig
170
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
Los Alamos
Alcatraz
Guantanamo
San Quentin
171
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
They have less trust in the governmnt
they have become more informed
they have become more ideological
They have voted more often
172
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
asians
hispanics
women
migrant workers
173
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
Parties have legislative goals
political parties are involved in electioneering
political parties offer selective benefits
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
174
The largest portion of DISCRETIONARY federal spending goes to
medicare
defense
education
foreign aid
175
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Grutter v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
176
This amendment provided for the direct election of senators.
18th
17th
16th
19th
177
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
the state governments
only the executive power
all governments in the US
only the federal government
178
If an issue has high saliency it means
It has a short "shelf life"
Lots of attention is being paid and it could swing votes
few people are paying attention
Lots of people are paying attention but few care
179
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
satellite tv
the internet
cable television
netflix
180
How many levels are the federal court system?
four
five
three
two
181
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
more authority and bigger budgets
endorsements
less red tape
lobbyists
182
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
20th
17th
18th
183
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates
proportionally
?
Republicans
Democrats
184
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
the success of our democracy given how little we know
how much people complain given how few vote
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
185
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
186
Who are the litigants in a case?
the lawyers
the judges
the members of the jury
the plaintiff and defendent
187
The idea that a popular candidate at the top of the ballot can help elect other party members
approval ratings
endorsements
coattails
bandwagon
188
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
4
5
7
6
189
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
grandfather clauses
poll taxes
primaries
literacy tests
190
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
191
Over time, national party conventions have become less
fun
attended
predictable
contentious
192
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Texas v. Johnson
Snyder v. Phelps
Fisher v.University of Texas
193
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
sexual orientation
race
gender
age
194
To hold what federal office must you have been a citizen for 7 years?
U.S. President
U.S. Judge
U.S. Senator
U.S. Representative
195
Which of the following Constitutional principles insures we are not a confederation?
supremacy clause
implied powers
limited government
elastic clause
196
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
safety valve for popular discontent
make elections less volatile
motivate more people to vote
inject new issues into the policy agenda
197
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the state's House Reps
the state's senators
the state's governor
the Supreme Court
198
Thanks to the 22nd amendment, the President is now inaugurated in this month.
February
March
January
December
199
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
white souitherners
unions
the wealthy
blacks
200
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
William Rehnquist
Earl Warren
Warren Burger
John Roberts
201
What "sole power" does the House of Representative hold, according to the Constitution?
Approve treaties
Taxation
Declare War
Impeachment
202
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Dixiecrats
Populists
Know Nothings
Whigs
203
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they were unanimous
they tied
they defer to the lower court ruling
they want to lower courts to retry it
204
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The Patriot Act
The Enduring Freedom Act
The War Powers Resolution
The Geneva Convention
205
What is the main reason that parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
to produce a party platform
To raise money
To build enthusiasm
To select a candidate for the general election
206
Incrementalism in the budget process leads to
inevitable growth in budgets
delays / slow budget negotiations
budget reconciliation
the military industrial complex
207
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the party
the bureaucracy
interest groups
the candidate
208
What case established it is constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
Tinker v. DesMoines
209
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
original intent
inherent powers
judicial activism
free exercise
210
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They know the election laws in that state
They provide endorsements
They raise most of the money
They do polling
211
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
push polls
voter perception
key word / phrasing polls
exit poLling
212
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
pardoning criminals
receiving foreign heads of state
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
213
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
5
4
7
6
214
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to advertise the candidate
to energize the party faithful
to debate policy openly
to officially nominate a candidate
215
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the free exercise clause
the equal protection clause
elastic clause
the due process clause
216
Why are signing statements controversial?
they are executive orders in disguise
They are relatively new in presidential history
They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement
the Constitution says the actual President must sign laws
217
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
218
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Tinker v. DesMoines
219
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
Adam Smith
John Locke
Thomas Hobbes
Montesquieu
220
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
protest
running for office
petitioning
voting
221
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
immigrants
native americans
blacks
migrant workers
222
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
223
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Baker v. Carr
Swann v . Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
224
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
liberal
conservative
225
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They opposed federal taxation
They feared a stronger federal power.
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
226
Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?
They have the most expansive powers.
They know a little about many subjects.
They favor military solutions in most cases.
They know a lot about a few subjects.
227
This amendment limits the U.S. President to two terms.
22nd
23rd
21st
20th
228
The two models of organization for White House Staff are hiearchical and
flat
circular
solar
wheel and spoke
229
According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?
inform Congress about the state of the Union
restate the oath
hold a joint session of Congress
Give a speech
230
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
protesting
voting
fundraising
ticket-splitting
231
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
caucus
casework
joint committee
conference committee
232
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
closed
open
bicameral
blanket
233
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
politicians must take clear positions on issues
The Conservative Era was over
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
234
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
categorical grants
block grants
unfunded madates
enumerated powers
235
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Germans and Italians should also be interned
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
236
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
new state election laws
inflation
staffing requirements
television
237
When Sen. Majority Leade Reid cut the # of votes needed to approve judges it was deemed
sequestration
free exercise
the nuclear option
the filibuster
238
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
239
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article V
Article VI
Article III
Article IV
240
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
race
gender
wealth
religion
241
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer during questioning if requested?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Escobedo v. Illinois
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
242
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
U.S. v. Lopez
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
Marbury v. Madison
243
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
the President
bureaucrats
interest groups
legilslators
244
Unstated powers that are logically
delegated to Congress and the president are called . . .
supremacy powers
inherent
reserved
enumerated
245
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
24th
22nd
25th
23rd
246
How long do national party conventions typically last?
1 week
3 days
4 days
1 day
247
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
conservative
liberal
248
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
15th
14th
12th
13th
249
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Miranda v. Arizona
NAACP v. Alabama
Gideon v. Wainwright
Mapp v. Ohio
250
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
a debate between the two leading candidates
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
the writing of the party platform
candidate nomination
251
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
Superior Courts
District Courts
The Supreme Court
Circuit Courts
252
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
253
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The 24th amendment
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
254
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Grutter v. Bollinger
255
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are shorter but more expensive
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are longer but cheaper
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
256
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the necessary and propoer clause
the equal protection clause
the due process clause
the elastic clause
257
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Gitlow v. New York
Employment Division v. Smith
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Engel v. Vitale
258
What action is Congress's best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
amendements
impeachment
regulations
legislation
259
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
liberal
conservative
260
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
H.W. Bush
Reagan
Goldwater
Nixon
261
Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?
He "flipped" to the conservative side
He "flipped" to the liberal side
He criticized Ike's response to the Little Rock Crisis
He stepped down after 3 years
262
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
through consesnsus
speedy and swift
impossible
slow and deliberate
263
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
Schenk v. the United States
264
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
enumerated
federalism
reserved
granted
265
Congress passes legislation that holds someone in jail without a trial it is called a _______?
de facto prosecution
bill of attainder
ex post facto law
extradition
266
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
filibustering
gerrymandering
polarization
electioneering
267
Franking is
a privilege granted to US elected officials
a duty given to US elected officials
Unregulated
Illegal
268
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Legislative
Judicial
Executive
Bureaucracy
269
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
hire lobbyists
obtain standing
file amicus curiae briefs
testify
270
This program provides pensions for the handicapped, orphaned, blind and elderly
Social Security
Medicaid
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Medicare
271
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
The House decides the charges
The chief Justice oversees the trial
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
272
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Republican
Whig
Know Nothing
Democrat
273
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
274
Whose term lasts six years?
U.S. judges
U.S. President
U.S. Senators
U.S. Representatives
275
If the President cannot get his judges approved by the Senate, what is his/her other option?
a recess appointment
shrink the # of courts
a veto war
executive order
276
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
conservative
liberal
277
The significance of campaign strategy
is that it typically converts voters
is often underestimated
is generally overstated
is that it sets the policy agenda
278
Which amendment banned alcohol in the U.S.?
19th
25th
21st
18th
279
Which amendment provided for an income tax?
10th
12th
15th
16th
280
What is the purpose of a caucus in the House, Senate or made of both Reps and Senators?
To iron differences out on controversial topics
To stop legislation
To stop amendments
To focus their collective energy of a specific area
281
What is casework?
How a lawyer prepares for trial
Constituent services
research Congressional staffers do for committees
Preparation for committee hearings
282
Who are the litigants in a case?
the judges
the plaintiff and defendent
the members of the jury
the lawyers
283
The fact that Congress initiates laws is an example of . . .
limited government
judicial review
separation of power
checks and balances
284
House or Senate? Has standing committees..
Senate
Neither
Both
House
285
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
few people participate
the early states are not representative of the US population
it caters to low information voters
the early states get too much attention
286
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
Schechter Poultry v. U.S.
Butler v. U.S.
U.S. v. Lopez
U.S. v. Nixon
287
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
<p>Leaking information to the press</p>
Electioneering during work hours
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
288
What is the status of the constitutionality of the War Powers Resolution?
It has not been tested.
It has been upheld.
It has been struck down.
It is currently pending.
289
What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?
Officials put their constituents before their party
none of the above
Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue
Officials put party loyalty before their constituents
290
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
police
zoning
abortion
school
291
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
We will soon be a majority minority nation
the population is shifting to the south
Blacks outnumber hispanics
292
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
declaring war
creating courts
treaty approval
taxation bills
293
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
10th
11th
8th
12th
294
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Reed v. North Carolina
Craig v. Boren
Shaw v. Reno
harris v. Forklift Systems
295
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned hard money
the part that banned soft money
296
How many levels are the federal court system?
four
five
two
three
297
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
They coordinate closely with their candidate
they tend to support incumbents
their donors can remain anonymous
298
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
299
When a newly elected president claims his/her policies should be enacted, they are claiming
neutral competence
state of the union
bully pulpit
electoral mandate
300
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
federal
state
district
appellate
301
The following plans / compromises are evident in the ratified Constitution except which one?
Slave Trade
3/5 Compromise
Connecticut
Virginia Plan
302
Al the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
police power
taxation
printing currency
establishing courts
303
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
cooperative federalism
new federalism
dual federalism
fiscal federalism
304
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
The Declaration of Independence
the 14th amendment
the Preamble
The Bill of Rights
