Dramatic increases in global grain production since 1950 have been made possible by

an increase in the use of energy and technology

Which describes NAFTA

Multinational trade zone w/o traiffs

Fertility rates have dropped in LDCs, , but total population continues to grow because a high %

of the population is under age 15

Why do some cities not experience out migration when demand for its good and services decline?

Family/emotional bonds to the city limit workers' mobility

Which pair of agriculture types occupies the largest % of the world's total land area

shifting cultivation:nomadic herding

Which statement about mega-stores is false?

conform to the distinctiveness of the region

The establishment of maquiladoras in Mexico by US companies represents

New international division of labor

Maquiladoras of northern Mexico

manufacturing outsourcing plants

large scale growing of flowers and veggies in Holland

The UNCLOS gives coastal countries navigational and economic sovereignty over

12 nautical mile territorial zne

Advantage for Japanese corporations locating manufacturing plants in the US

lower transportation costs and greater access to markets

Florida earns greater revenues from exporting oranges than Georgia does. Why?

Fl has a comparative advantage as a producer of oranges

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APHG The Review...

151 termsStudBud Administration26 plays

Final review for AP exam

Flashcards151 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 151

Answers

1
All of the following have created ghettos in North America EXCEPT
blockbusting and racial steering
concentration of public housing and social services
redlining by financial institutions
Economic Enterprise Zones
2
?is most likely to be used by marketing firms seeking map patterns of lifestyle characteristics
states
nonmetropolitan areas
zip codes
counties
3
Which of the following areas was what domesticated the earliest?
Southeastern Turkey
Eastern China
Southern Italy
The plateau of central Mexico
4
Dramatic increases in global grain production since 1950 have been made possible by
an increase in the use of energy and technology
an increase in the urban workforce
substantial increases in the amt of land under cultivation
an increase in the agricultural workforce
5
Compared to N America ranches, commercial ranchers in the Pampas are likely to
lease their grazing land
use practices developed by indigenous people
raise sheep
raise livestock for export
6
The largest # of refugee in the 21st century
Africa
Europe
Southwest Asia
North America
7
Which describes NAFTA
Protectionist coalition that denies trade access to others
Multinational trade zone w/o traiffs
An open border region free movement of labor
A monetary union with a single currency
8
Fertility rates have dropped in LDCs, , but total population continues to grow because a high %
of the population is under age 15
of the population receiving adequate medical care
of the population is over age 15
of the population is female
9
Rostow's modernization model is concerned with
economic development
core-periphery relations
neocolonialism
dependency
10
Depicts a commerical spine bordered by an elite residential sector extending outward from CBD
Burgess's concentric zone model
Urban realms
Latin American City model
Harris and Ullman's multiple nuclei model
11
Why do some cities not experience out migration when demand for its good and services decline?
Unempolyment programs are designed to keep cheap labor
Workers have no place to go
The unempolyed do not have the human capital find new jobs
Family/emotional bonds to the city limit workers' mobility
12
Which pair of agriculture types occupies the largest % of the world's total land area
shifting cultivation:nomadic herding
cattle ranhing:Mediterranean agriculture
Wheat farming:Dairying
plantation agriculture:Specialized horticulture
13
The concept that population will continue to grow even after fertility rates decline
homeostatic plateau
rate of natural increase
demographic transition
demographic momentum
14
The following 20th cent migration streams were propelled by persecution or open conflict EXCEPT
Mexicans leaving Mexico
Hindus leaving Pakistan
Tutsis leaving Rwanda
Asians leaving Uganda
15
in the 1st 1/2 of the 20th cent, the transportation of beef over long dist was made possible by
refrigerated ships
airplanes
commercial canning
high speed railroads
16
The first wave of immigrants to the US during the 19th century came from
England, Ireland, and Germany
Asia and Latin America
Italy, Russia, and Poland
Sweden, Norway, and Slovakia
17
The literacy rate of any country correlates most closely with which of the following
GINI coefficient
general level of intelligence
population density
per capita income
18
One would expect to find a population with a relatively young age structure in
countries with a low death rate
highly developed countries
LDCs
countires with a low fertility rate
19
___ is an environmental problem most associated with the African Sahel
Desertification
Flooding
Air pollution
Deforestation
20
Which has fostered the most significant economic growth by eliminating tariffs btwn members
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
European Union
Association of Caribbean States
21
Which of the following sectors of the economy has grown the fastest in the US since the mid 70s
agriculture
service
retail
military
22
Which of the following have the greatest linguistic fragmentation?
Scandinavia
Korea
Caucasus
Quebec
23
Which statement about mega-stores is false?
homogenize the landscape
conform to the distinctiveness of the region
are outsiders with no stakes in the community
destroy locally owned businesses
24
Which population pyramid demonstrates an elderly dependency ratio?
Alaska
Florida
Kansas
25
An example of ecotourism
national parks in Costa Rica
ski resorts in Chile
recreational canals in Florida
artificial lakes in Texas
26
Which of the following industries will located closest to the raw material
brewing
soft drink bottling
automobile assembly
nickel smelting
27
in the 19th and 20th cent, the most prominent type of intraregional migration worldwide was
urban to suburban
inland to coastal
rural to urban
urban to rural
28
The establishment of maquiladoras in Mexico by US companies represents
industrialization
tertiary economic activity
colonialism
New international division of labor
29
The belief that one's own culture is the best or better than other cultures
ethnocentrism
acculturation
syncretism
racism
30
Which region had the smallest # of people living in urban areas at the end of the 20th century
Europe
South America
Australia
South Asia
31
The BEST example of Balkanization
Yugoslavia
Russia
Albania
Greece
32
Which of the following accounts for the universial appeal of blue jeans?
Adpotion of unique folk culture
Diffusion of popular culture
Need for durable clothing
Impact of high income on clothing habits
33
Religion that is predominant in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and North Dakota
Baptist
Lutheran
Catholic
Methodist
34
Which of the following countries has the fewest people per unit of arable land
Argentina
Guatemala
Netherlands
Egypt
35
Maquiladoras of northern Mexico
commercial produce farms
border squatter settlements
manufacturing outsourcing plants
organic agricultural cooperatives
36
vonThunen emphasized ____ in his model of agricultural land use
seasonal fluctuation in prices of farm products
labor cost
capital costs
transportation cost
37
vonThunen predicted
Large dairy farms in Utah and S Idaho
Large scale rubber plantations in Malaysia
large scale growing of flowers and veggies in Holland
Extensive cattle raising in northern France
38
The maps scale most useful for studying features in the landscape of a farming community
1:10,000
1:1,000,000
1:3,000,000
1:750,000
39
Most are relatively isolated islands with small populations, and remnants of empires
Provinces of Canada
newly independnet states of the 1990s
the global commons
Remaining dependencies
40
Present distribution of Basques suggests IndoEuro spread across Europe, this group isolated in
the Pyrenees
the Alps
the Apennines
the Carpathians
41
During winter months in NoAm, the primary source of fruits and veggies found in grocery stores
Nigeria
Chile
Philippines
Uruguay
42
The UNCLOS gives coastal countries navigational and economic sovereignty over
continental shelf
200 mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ)
export processions zone (EPZ)
12 nautical mile territorial zne
43
Which of the following applies to MDCs?
Early stages of the epidemiological transition
Long life expectancy
Rapid population growth
High total fertility rates
44
Advantage for Japanese corporations locating manufacturing plants in the US
lower transportation costs and greater access to markets
freedom from Japan's overprotected distribution networks
Less competition in the US than in most other countries
the better educated labor force in the US
45
The shape of Maryland's 3rd congressional district is the result of
gerrymandering
agglomeration
decentralization
watershed boundaries
46
According to environmental determinism, which would have the most productive settlements?
tropical regions
mountainous regions
arid regions
temperate regions
47
In terms of total tonnage, _____is the leading export crop in the world
wheat
rice
coffee
corn
48
How are new languages created?
innovation
migration
religious purposes
isolation
49
Florida earns greater revenues from exporting oranges than Georgia does. Why?
Fl has a comparative advantage as a producer of oranges
Georgia has a comparative advantage as a producer of oranges
Georgia's economy is based on tourism and manufacturing
Florida's economy is based on agriculture production
50
The cost of transportation is primary consideration in the location of an industrial site
Hoyt's sector model
bid rent theory
von Thunen's agricultural land use model
Weber's least cost theory
51
Violent confrontation in Ambon, Aceh, and E Timor illustrate the problem of holding together
India
Brazil
Indonesia
South Africa
52
The European Union is an example of
nationalism
a nation state
unitary state
supranationalism
53
Which describes a primate city
Is linked toby colonial administrators to an imperial power
Is primarily concerned with its role as a religoius center
disproportionately large in relation to next largest city
economically and politically connected to other cities
54
If you wish to highlight a key concept in a FRQ response, it is a good idea to underline it
True
Fasle
Dependa
55
The early stages of the core-periphery model describe the relationship
between the power and transfer of resources from LDC to MDC
btwThe basic structure of a society & its outward expression
of the Heartland and the Rimland
btw the outward appearance of a place & its internal working
56
The term "cultural diffusion" refers to the
modification of Earth's surface by human actions
spead of an idea of innovation from its source
relationship btw human cultures & their physical environment
integration of behavioral traits within a group
57
Water run-off is likely to be greatest in which setting?
City
Flat farmland
Beach front
Alpine terraces
58
American Midwest land parcels are rectilinear because
Span. colonists laid out settlmts in a geometric pattern
US Govt. a survey syst in 1700s imposed geometric pattern
EngSpeak'g settlers copied the landscape patterns of England
Native America settlement patterns were rectangular
59
False statement about NAFTA
It led to a net trade deficit for the US w/ Mex and Can
It eventually may include other Latin American countries
It helped the mvmt of tertiary sector ind. from the US to Mx
It outlines a supranational organization for all of NoAm
60
Which of the following is a primary activity
Teaching
Engineering
Coal mining
Car manufacturing
61
Which statement is falses about global patterns of development
Per capita income is greater in the US than in China
Largest concentration of the LDCs are in Latin America
The gap between the rich and poor has increase over time
Asian Tigers made big strides in per capita income
62
Quaternary economic activities are those that
invole the exchange of goods & and the provision of svcs
transform raw material into finished products
extract natural resource fromt he environment
involve the collection, processing, & manipulation of info
63
A footloose industry
tuna canning
furniture
computer chip
wine making
64
Indonesia is an example of a ___ state
fragmented
prorupted
compact
perforated
65
Who is most likely to migrate
single 14 year old
married 30 years old
married 50 year old
single 25 years old
66
The Indo-European family includes all major languages in Europe and other regions EXCEPT:
Russia
Northern India
Iran
Central Asia
67
A country where the majority of the population are Shiite Muslims
Indonesia
Iran
Saudi Arabia
India
68
Which of the following is an example of a cultural landscape?
strand of mangrove trees
cloud forest
coastal wetlands
adobe ruins
69
In the cent following the arrival of European, the indigenous population of the Americas
increased b/c of new trade routes and industries
decreased dramatically with the introduction of new diseases
increased slowly with the introduction of new crops
deceased slowly due to increased competition for land
70
Which of the following countries did NOT have a long lasting colonial presence in Africa?
Belgium
Portugal
Germany
France
71
Dependency ratio is most useful for indicating the
degree of gender equality within a country
relationship btw the TFR and the IMR
reliance of a country on imported fossil fuels
relationship btw potential labor force & the rest of the pop
72
Which is not a reason for the rise of suburban development in the 1950s
GI Bill of Rights
prefab construction methods
the building of interstate highways
better public transportation
73
Common characteristic of Switzerland, Canada, and New Zealand
membership in the EU
Low population growth rates
primate urban system
more than 10% of the population is involved in sheep farming
74
Which of the following is a term used in the study of place names?
acronyms
isogloss
toponyms
loconyms
75
Why are SoAmer population centers located at of near the coast?
Few Amerindian population centers were located on the coast
The colonial economies were export oriented
LatinAmer armed forced have plans for defense of the coast
Climate is warmer on the coast and cooler in the highlands
76
Rank size rule: largest city has a population of 10 million, the next largest city will have a
population of 9 million
population of 5 million
a population of 2.5 million
a population of 7.5 million
77
Regionalization is to geography as
periodization is to history
description is to literature
composition is to music
exploration is to geology
78
The 4 ancient culture hearths
Ethiopia, Ghana, Machu Picchu, Indonesia
Central Asia, India, Nile Valley, Southern Europe
Egypt, Mekong Valley, Middle East, Western Africa
Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, Nile Valley, North China
79
1950s-Downtown business district: 1970s-Shopping mall: 1990s -"Big Box" superstore
demonstrates Borchert's epochs
represents the gentrification of inner cities int he US
describes the retailing trend of the US
Describes the growth of cities in the US
80
Where is terracing least likely to occur
Greece
Niger
Nepal
The Philippines
81
The pair that best represents regional appellation
Philly cheesesteak: New York pizza
Parmesan cheese: Cha
Pork rinds: Mountain Dew
Bordeaux: fondue
82
The correct hierarchy of political administrative units from largest to smallest
county, province, nation-state, empire
empire, nation-state, county, province
empire, nation, province, county
empire, county, province, nation-state
83
Which of the following is NOT a major oil-producting zone
North Sea
Gulf of California
Persian Gulf
Caspian Sea
84
Which of the following countries consumes the most fossil fuel per capita?
China
England
US
Japan
85
An area of instability located between regions with opposing political and cultural values
rimland
enclave
heartland
shatterbelt
86
Best example of the geographical concept of nation-state
Iceland
Sri Lanka
Belgium
Canada
87
The European Union, the ARab League and the UN are all examples of
federations
nation states
supranational organizations
centrifugal organizations
88
In the US, the largest concentrations of Amish are found in
Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana
Minnesota, Michigan, and Illinois
Rhode Island, New York, and West Virginia
Tennessee, Arkansas, andKentucky
89
Subsistence agriculture is always characterized by
production only for family consumption
irrigation and inorganic fertilization
extensive use of the land
double cropping of specific grains
90
Consumption of agricultural products directly by the producer rather than for market
plantation farming
hunting and gathering
shifting field agriculture
subsistence agriculture
91
Olives, pita bread, cheese, figs, lamb, and wine, would be found in
France
Mexico
Greece
Spain
92
Name for political redistricting it makes unusually shaped districts-create political advantage
caucases
redlining
gerrymandering
zoning
93
Best example of a state with a compact shape
Poland
Argentina
New Zealand
Burma
94
The alignment of ancient Chinese cities toward cardinal directions illustrates the importance
of technology
of belief systems
of topography
of economics
95
The DTM
supports idea that tech can extend food production
is applicable only to 18th century Europe
is characterized by low growth rates in stages 1 and 4
divides demogrphc changes into 2 stages: low and high growth
96
An example of a centripetal force
rugged topography
poorly developed road network
primate city
existence of different language regions
97
Boundaries based on the median line principle are generally associated with
bodies of water
major highways
unsettled frontier zones
converging ethnic territories
98
An ethnic religion
Mormonism
Judaism
Buddhism
Islam
99
The principal religion of Central and South America is
Roman Catholicism
Eastern Orthodoxy
Protestantism
Christianity
100
Which of the following is a forward capital?
Seoul
Lima
London
Brasilia
101
Which best describes the impact of improvements in transportation systems on agriculture
subsistence farmers are given great advantages
local markets have become more important to dairy farmers
Corporate farms have gained a grtr advtge over family farms
individual farms have become more diversified
102
Internat'l company HQ, significant global financial functions, and polarized social structure
primate cities
entrepots
world cities
forward capitals
103
Who said plant domestication 1st occured in diversified habitats with a variety of species?
Ernest Ravenstein
Carl Sauer
Thomas Malthus
Esther Boserup
104
Labor intensive intertillage is often practice in
the Canadian wheat belt
the Turkish highlands
English countryside
Southeast Asia
105
The map represents
Homolosine with continuity of landmasses
Mercator, with distorted land area
Planar with diverging lines at the poles
Robinson with distortions at the equator
106
What makes Brasilia, Canberra and Washington DC, different from the design of most urvan areas?
Planned around a major river to ease the flow of goods
Design was based on transportation systems
Designed to reflect the power & wealth of their countries
Positioned to help protect them from enemy attack
107
Which country has the largest number of Sunni Muslims?
Iran
Saudi Arabia
Bangladesh
Indonesia
108
Which pyramid shows a college town?
Kansas
Alaska
Florida
109
The shaded area on the map is most associated with
slash and burn cultivation
rice cultivation
dairy farming
wheat farming
110
Which population pyramid represents a town with a military base?
Kansas
Florida
Alaska
111
A problem w/ the traditional classification of agriculture as a primary activity
modern farmers are engaged in production, research,marketing
modern farmers use machinery
it has not been affected by industrialization
traditional patterns of farming are disappearing
112
The environmental issue of immediate concern to policy makers in New England
Desertification by overgrazing of cattle
Oil-spill liability
Intensification of urban heat islands
Overharvesting of breeding stock by commercial fishers
113
According to the Hoyt model of city structure, low income people tend to live in
inner city only
linear residential areas radiating from the CBD outward
evenly dispersed throughout the urban area
peripheral temporary settlements
114
A straight line on a navigation map using the Mercator projection represents
travel time between origin and destination
the distance from the prime meridian
a line of constant compass bearing
the shortest distance between 2 points
115
Spatial patterns of urban and outlying areas based on the flow of goods and services is
Wallerstein's core periphery model
Central Place Theory
Burgess's Concentric zone model
von Thunen agricultural land use model
116
Which of the following countries is the primary destination for guest workers from the Maghreb
France
Italy
Germany
Spain
117
The growth potential of raising elk, deer and emu for meat is limited because
the animals are difficult to raise
the high protein content of the meats is unhealthy
growers have not established an integrated commodity chain
restrictive dietary laws in the US
118
Culturally defined political boundaries, such as those determined by language, religion or lang
consequent
relict
antecedent
geometric
119
The :Four Economic Tigers" of East and Southeast Asia include
China, Indonesia, Japan, and Taiwan
Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan
Hong Kong, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam
Japan, Philippines, South Korea, and Vietnam
120
Prior to 1850 the location of all major North American cities was related to the presence of
transcontinental highways
navigable waterways
railroad junctions
defensive sites
121
Network cities...
Cleveland, Toledo, Chicago
Tokyo, Osaka, Nagasake
Moscow, St Petersburg, Kiev
London, Birmingham, Liverpool
122
Most accurate with regard to food preferences and taboos
Some foods are avoided for religious or cultural reasons
Food preference has little influence on diet in the SW Asia
Food preferences and taboos show little variability
Food preferences are stronger than taboos
123
Traditionally, the Ganges anNile Valleys have had comparatively high pop densities b/c of their
designation as sacred sites
tropical climate
in-migratin from neighboring arid areas
intensive agriculture based irrigation
124
When approaching FRQ questions, you should answer what you think is the easiest question first.
Depends
False
True
125
Physiological population density differs from crude population density in that it
measures the number of farmers
is only the population of cities
is the density of a single housing unit
is density of people/arable sq land unit
126
The high tech firms in Silicon Valley in California are clustered together take advantage of
access to markets
economies of scale
agglomeration effects
cheap labor
127
The best example of extensive land use
a back yard garden
a cattle feedlot
a sheep ranch
an egg production facility
128
A reason why rapid suburbanization did NOT happen in the US after WWII
expansion of the interstate highway system
mass production of the automobile
reduction in long distance commuting
availability of low down payment terms & long term mortgages
129
A settlement node whose primary function is to provide for the population in its hinterland
Wallerstein's Core Periphery Model
Mackinder's Heartland Theory
Rostow's model of economic development
Cristaller's Central Place Theory
130
Which is true of popular culture
It is more static than folk culture
It is practiced among a homogeneous group of people
It promotes regional diversity
It incorporated traits that diffuse quickly to many places
131
The primary geographic effect of globalization on the economy
Production is shifted to low-cost locations in LDCs and NICs
Countries have greater control over economic activity
Production is increasingly focused on the Rhine Ruhr valley
Local ownership makes industry less likely to move
132
Ag practiced in CA differs from forms practiced in Mediterranean ag regions b/c in CA
grapes are grown for wine production
farms rely on local labor
farms use more irrigation
wheat is grown in the winter as a cover crop
133
Clustering of dr's offices and pharmacies near hospitals is BEST explained by the benefits of
agglomeration
subsidies
decentralization
intervening opportunities
134
Which is a true statement about edge cities
Located on edges of lakes, rivers or other physical features
Is an outlet for a region's trade
Large amounts of recently developed retail and office space
Increasingly used for heavy industry
135
Isolated farmsteads in the US evolved as a result of all of the following EXCEOT
physical barriers prevented communal farm practices
political stability
government land policy
agricultural private enterprise
136
Which of the following represent a nation without a state?
Israelis
Albanians
Turks
Kurds
137
All of the following are crucial to the emergence of the first cities EXCEPT
an agricultural surplus
a stratified social system
separation of the ruling system and the religious system
a system for food storage and distribution
138
Balkanization refers to
introduction of an economic system of free enterprise
fragmentation of a region into smaller units
industrial growth in LDCs
military and economi alliance of a group of countries
139
Which letter represents the region of the greatest proportion of the Canadian population
A
D
B
E
140
Most of Africa's original boundaries were drawn by
UN peacekeeping missions in the 1950s and 1960s
the Bandung Conference of 1955
decolonization movements of the 1950s and 1960s
European colonial power in the late 19th century
141
Which of the following is the essential requirement of lowland rice production?
alluvial soil
uear round growing season
abundant water
cheap labor
142
The shaded area shows
wheat cultivation
slash and burn cultivation
rice cultivation
nomadic hearding
143
Cultural landscape can be defined as
types of art, music, dance and theater practiced in regions
particular area w/in a geog region dedicated to cultural act
forms superimposed on the physical environment by humans
the way people in differing culture perceive the environment
144
Nunavut was created by the Canadian government by
grant autonomy to the Cree and Mohawk people
re-create the per-1912 boundary of Quebec
facilitate the exploration of mineral rscs in the NW terr
recognize territorial rts of indigenous people in the area
145
The internet is reshaping traditional economic arrangements by
expanding the importance of express packaging delivery
inc'ing the importance of rail transport compared to truck
reinforcing the dominance of the CBD for retail sales
beinging consumers and producers into face to face contact
146
Which has low terminal cost, high line cost, and high route flexibility
railroad
truck
ship
airplane
147
The world's 3 major monotheistic religions originated in
Southwest Asia
Northern Africa
East Asia
Western Europe
148
Which of the following is a characteristic of shifting cultivation
production of cash crops for export
multicropping
demand for wage laborers
sharecropping
149
Which is not an example of spatial analysis
volume of telephone calls between Corey Union and Old Main
Trans-Atlantic slave trade
# of space shuttles constructed
distance associated with shopping trips to area malls
150
A characteristic of most societies in the last stage of the DTM
hyperinflation
aging population
youth dependency
overpopulation
151
_is disproportionately larger than the 2nd lrgst city and dominates a country's socioeconomics
primate city
conurbantion
megalopolis
megacity

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