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Holt Earth Science Chapter 20 Test Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Holt Earth Science Chapter 20 Test Review
Holt Earth Science Chapter 20 Test Review
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Holt Earth Science Chapter 20 Test Review
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Answers
1
If the temperature stays the same and the air becomes more moist, the relative humidity will
decrease.
remain constant.
increase and then decrease.
increase.
2
The most common form of solid precipitation is
snow.
glaze ice.
hail.
sleet.
3
When liquid water absorbs energy, it changes to
a liquid.
crystals.
a solid.
a gas.
4
What occurs in adiabatic cooling?
Air moves over a warm surface and cools.
The temperature of an air mass decreases as the air rises.
Air rises on a mountain and cools.
Two bodies of moist air mix and change the air temperature.
5
Precipitation in the form of lumps of ice is
hail.
sleet.
drizzle.
glaze ice.
6
The diameter of a normal raindrop is
less than 0.5 mm.
between 5 mm and 10 mm.
greater than 10 mm.
between 0.5 mm and 5 mm.
7
What phase does ice change into when it absorbs energy?
solid
liquid
gas
crystals
8
The base of the clouds marks the
condensation level
condensation nuclei
adiabatic lapse rate
dew point
9
In one method of cloud seeding, silver iodide crystals are used as
dry ice.
freezing nuclei.
cloud droplets.
latent heat.
10
What two processes cause cloud droplets to fall to Earth?
coagulation and supercooling
coagulation and superwarming
coalescence and ultracooling
coalescence and supercooling
11
The diameter of most cloud droplets is about
5 millimeters
100 micrometers
20 micrometers
20 millimeters
12
What is present in the troposphere that is essential for cloud formation?
stationary dust surfaces
millions of particles
large particles
a large solid surface
13
When ice absorbs energy, the molecules of ice
become stationary.
become crystals.
slow down.
move more quickly.
14
Most evaporation comes from
equatorial oceans.
lakes.
plants.
burning fuels.
15
The dew point is the temperature at which the rate of condensation
raises the rate of evaporation.
exceeds the rate of evaporation.
lowers the rate of evaporation.
equals the rate of evaporation.
16
What is the average adiabatic lapse rate for cloudy air?
more than 1⁰C for every 100 m that air rises
between -0.5⁰C and -0.9⁰C for every 100 m that air rises
between 0.5⁰C and 0.9⁰C for every 100 m that air rises
-1⁰C per 100 m that air rises
17
An instrument that measures humidity with two identical thermometers is a
psychrometer.
radiosonde.
dew cell.
hair hygrometer.
18
When freezing or condensation nuclei are introduced into a cloud to cause rain, this is called
precipitation growing.
cloud seeding.
rain seeding.
nuclei dropping.
19
The mass of water vapor contained in a given volume of air is
relative humidity.
humidity.
dew point.
absolute humidity.
20
What happens when water molecules collect on condensation nuclei?
The rate of evaporation decreases.
The air temperature reaches the dew point.
Water droplets form.
The rate of condensation increases.
21
The type of fog that results when moist air moves across a cold surface is
advection fog.
ground fog.
steam fog.
radiation fog.
22
What does the adiabatic lapse rate describe?
Rate at which the temp. of rising or sinking air changes
the temperatuire of a rising or sinking parcel of air
the amount the temperature of rising or sinking air changes
the amount of clouds in rising or sinking air
23
What must be present in order for clouds to form?
a condensation level
adiabatic cooling
condensation nuclei
a large solid surface
24
What happens to molecules in rising air?
They move farther apart.
They move closer together.
They have more collisions.
They do not move.
25
What happens to water molecules when they absorb energy?
They become stationary.
They move more slowly.
They collide more frequently.
They move closer together.
26
The net condensation that forms clouds may be caused by
rapid evaporation of air.
the warming of air.
the cooling of air.
constant air temperature.
27
What must be available for water vapor to condense and form a cloud?
a body of water
empty space
a solid surface
high winds
28
What does water vapor from supercooled water droplets do?
Water vapor makes ice crystals increase in size.
Condenses on ice crystals that've formed on freezing nuclei.
Water vapor from the droplets evaporates
It evaporates from the freezing nuclei.
29
Rain that freezes when it strikes a surface produces
hail
frost
glaze ice
sleet
30
Changes in temp. that result from the cooling of rising air or the warming of sinking air are
adiabatic.
advective.
latent.
relative.
31
The substance dropped from aircraft to cool cloud droplets and cause ice crystals to form is
powdered dry ice.
sleet.
snow.
water vapor.
32
The prefix "nimbo" and the suffix "nimbus" mean
billowy
high
rain
layered
33
What have meteorologists concluded about cloud seeding?
It has no effect on precipitation.
It never produces precipitation.
It sometimes increases & sometimes decreases precipitation.
It always causes a significant increase in precipitation.
34
Where do middle clouds form?
between 2,000 and 6,000 m
between 1,000 and 2,000 m
between 8,000 and 10,000 m
between 6,000 and 8,000 m
35
What can form if rain falls through a layer of freezing air near the ground?
sleet
snow
hail
big raindrops
36
What is the adiabatic lapse rate for cloudy air?
more than 1⁰C for every 1000 m that air rises
more than 1⁰C for every 100 m that air rises
-0.5⁰C for every 100 m that air rises
-1⁰C for every 100 m that air rises
37
The lowest layer of the atmosphere is the
troposphere.
stratosphere.
ionosphere.
thermosphere.
38
What must happen in order for a cloud droplet to fall as precipitation?
It must decrease in size by about 10 times.
It must freeze.
It must warm up.
It must increase in size by about 100 times.
39
Why don't supercooled water droplets freeze?
They are too cold.
There are not enough freezing nuclei available.
There are too many solid particles in the air.
They are too large.
40
Upslope fog forms through
advective cooling.
adibatic cooling.
lifting and cooling.
mixing and warming.
41
This uses the electrical conductance of lithium chloride to measure relative humidity
dew cell
rain gauge
psychrometer
hygrometer
42
Which is introduced into a cloud to cause rain because it resembles ice crystals?
silver iodide crystals.
hailstones
carbon monoxide pellets
snowflakes
43
Which of the following are created by the process of supercooling?
glaze ice and snow
drizzle and rain
sleet and hail
snow and rain
44
Clouds form when the water vapor in air condenses as
the air is cooled.
snow falls.
the air is superheated.
the air is heated.
45
When does water change from one phase to another?
when water molecules are held stationary
when heat energy is absorbed or released
when molecules are in a crystalline arrangement
when evaporation occurs
46
The fog that results from the nightly cooling of Earth is called
advection fog.
steam fog.
upslope fog.
radiation fog.
47
During supercooling, a substance becomes extremely cold and
does not change its state.
changes to a solid.
changes to a gas.
changes to a liquid.
48
What is NOT true of freezing nuclei?
They are suspended in the air.
They are a form of precipitation.
They are similar to ice in structure.
They are solid particles.
49
When the temperature of the air decreases, the rate of evaporation
varies
stays the same
increases.
decreases
50
The process in which the temperature of an air mass decreases as it moves over a cold surface
is lifting.
is mixing.
is advective cooling.
is adiabtic cooling.
51
Suspended particles that provide a surface for water vapor to condense are called
water molcules.
condensation nuclei.
salt molecules.
saturated air.
52
What condition must the air be in for clouds to form?
The air initially must be saturated with water vapor.
The air must be dry.
The air must have a low relative humidity.
The air must not be saturated with water vapor.
53
What happens in the process of coalescence?
Small droplets slow down as they fall.
Large droplets divide into smaller droplets.
Small droplets break up into smaller droplets.
Small droplets combine to from larger droplets.
54
Clouds in which the water droplets remain liquid below 0⁰C are said to be
supersaturated
supercooled
saturated
superheated
