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First Semester Adv Chemistry Review Flashcards | StudBud
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First Semester Adv Chemistry Review
First Semester Adv Chemistry Review
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1
Covalent compounds are made from a non-metal and another non-metal.
False
True
2
Solvent is full- it cannot hold any more solute..?
Miscible
Unsaturated
Saturated
Supersaturated
3
Electrons are the same as the atomic # (unless it is in ion form)
False
True
4
What is an intensive property of matter?
An observation that changes with amount
Mass, volume, size, length, etc.
Color, density, boiling point, hardness, etc.
An observation that doesn't change with amount
5
Which are intramolecular forces?
Ionic and metallic
Dipole-Diople (includes hydrogen bonding)
London Dispersion (Van der Waals)
Covalent (polar & nonpolar)
6
What means "insoluble" but for liquids?
Soluble
Miscible
Saturated
Immiscible
7
Variables that can affect the AMOUNT of a (solid) solute that can be dissolved in a solvent:
Stirring (agitation)
Pressure
Amount of solvent
Temperature
8
Factors that can increase the rate at which a solvent can dissolve.
Amount of solvent
Stirring(agitation)
Crushing(increased surface area)
Pressure
9
Solvent can hold more solute..?
Saturated
Unsaturated
Supersaturated
Soluble
10
The states of matter are:
Gas
Solid
Liquid
...u should know this...
11
Aufbau's principal states the electrons occupy the lowest energy levels first (which accounts for the overlap in E.C.)
False
True
12
What has the same appearance & properties throughout but is NOT chemically bonded?
Solution
Heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous mixture
Element
13
The order of the intramolecular forces from strongest to weakest is: Metallic & Ionic, Polar covalent, Nonpolar covalent
True
False
14
Solvent is holding more than it should.
Supersaturated
Forms crystals
Very Unstable
Saturated
15
... quantum level three?
S, P, and F sublevels
S, P, and D sublevels
9 orbitals
18 electrons
16
A gas' shape and volume are indefinite and it is compressible.
False
True
17
The # of protons in an element is the same as the atomic #?
True
False
18
When naming a covalent compound, you must use prefixes except for -mono on the first element if it's a single atom.
False
True
19
What is a physical property of matter?
Flammability, reactivity, rustibility, acidity, toxicity, etc.
A chemical reaction must occur in order to observe this property
Something you can observe without a chemical reaction occurring
Color, size, melting point, length, odor, etc.
20
What means "soluble" but for liquids?
Immiscible
Insoluble
Saturated
Miscible
21
When naming an ionic compound, the cation is listed first and the anion is second.
False
True
22
What is a chemical property of matter?
A chemical reaction must occur in order to observe this property
Flammability, reactivity, rustibility, acidity, toxicity, etc.
Something you can observe without a chemical reaction occurring
Color, size, melting point, length, odor, etc.
23
What is important when writing the formulas of ionic compounds?
They consist of a metal & a non-metal or a polyatomic
They consist of a metal & metal or a polyatomic
Ensuring the total positive charge is the same as the total negative charge
They consist of a metal & a non-metal or a metalloid
24
As temperature increases, the solubility of a gas _____?
Increases
It stays the same at any temperature
Decreases
25
When dividing during scientific notation, you must divide the coefficients and subtract the exponents.
True
False
26
What causes partial electric charge in atoms of a covalent compound?
There's a difference in electronegativity of 0.49 or lower
There's a difference in electronegativity of 0.5 or greater
Electrons are shared evenly
Electrons are shared unevenly
27
Aqueous [aka. (aq)] means a substance that is dissolved in water?
True
False
28
What is a pure substance, can be found on the periodic table, and cant be broken down anymore?
Homogeneous mixture
Heterogeneous mixture
Solution
Element
29
Density = Mass/Volume
False
True
30
A solid's shape and volume are definite and it is not compressible.
False
True
31
Hydrogen bonding can only occur between Hydrogen & Oxygen, Nitrogen, or Fluorine.
True
False
32
What is an acid, base, or salt that is able to dissolve in water and can carry a current called?
Halogen
electrolyte
Alloy
Oxyacid
33
The molecular geometry of a compound is influenced by the presence of bonds and lone pairs around the CENTRAL ATOM.
True
False
34
A precipitate is a solid that forms in a solution after a reaction?
False
True
35
Oganesson's electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6
&?
[Rn] 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6
3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6
[He] 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d10
36
What is true about oxyacids?
Contains oxygen
If the polyatomic ends with ate, you change it to ic
If the polyatomic ends with ite, you change it to ous
If the polyatomic ends with ate, you change it to ous
37
Insoluble means that the solute can't dissolve in the solvent (>1 gram dissolves in a liter).
True
False
38
What has 2+ elements chemically combined and cannot be physically separated?
Element
Solution
Compound
Homogeneous mixture
39
Which are intermolecular forces?
Dipole-Diople (includes hydrogen bonding)
London Dispersion (Van der Waals)
Ionic and metallic
Covalent (polar & nonpolar)
40
Changing from one state of matter to another happens through adding/subtracting energy (most common is thermal). ex. ice
True
False
41
What is visibly different throughout and is NOT chemically bonded?
Homogeneous mixture
Heterogeneous mixture
Solution
Element
42
Neutrons are the atomic mass MINUS the atomic # (unless it's an isotope)
False
True
43
A qualitative observation is...
Observable
Measurable
ex. color, size, taste, state of matter
ex. melting point, mass, volume, density
44
A liquid's shape is indefinite, volume is definite and it is not compressible.
False
True
45
What is a ground state/neutral atom
An atom with an equal number of neutrons and electrons
An atom in it's most stable form
The atom's electrons are occupying the lowest possible energy levels
An atom that has an equal number of protons and electrons
46
A quantitative observation is...
ex. color, size, taste, state of matter
Observable
ex. melting point, mass, volume, density
Measurable
47
The larger the molecule, the stronger the London Dispersion/Van Der Waals force.
False
True
48
As you increase the amount of pressure on a gas solute in a solvent, the more gas the solvent can hold.
False
True
49
When adding/subtracting during scientific notation, you must make the exponents the same then +/- for the coefficients.
False
True
50
What is true about quantum level one?
It can hold 2 electrons
It has two orbitals
It has one orbital
It has the s sublevel only
51
Who proposed the plum pudding model of the atom?
Marcus Plum
Thomson (JJ) Plum
Democritus
Rutherford
52
Binary acids have names that start with hydro and end with ic.
True
False
53
What was learned from Rutherford's gold foil experiment?
There is a positively charged nucleus in the center of the atom
The atom is mostly empty space
There is a negatively charged nucleus in the center of the atom
The atom is mostly filled space by the sea of electrons
54
What is an extensive property of matter?
An observation that doesn't change with amount
Mass, volume, size, length, etc.
An observation that changes with amount
Color, density, boiling point, hardness, etc.
55
Ionic bonds are made from a metal and...
metal
a non-metal
metalloid
a polyatomic
56
How do you determine the volume of an irregular object?
You measure the height and multiply that by the mass
Side x side x density
Mass x width x height
Water displacement
57
The order of the intermolecular forces from strongest to weakest is: Hydrogen Bond, Dipole-dipole, London dispersion.
False
True
58
Negative exponent means the decimal is moving to the right (small #).
False
True
59
An NH
3
molecule is trigonal pyramidal shaped
True
False
60
Positive exponent means the decimal is moving to the left (big #).
False
True
61
... quantum level two?
4 electrons
S and P sublevels
8 electrons
4 orbitals
62
When multiplying during scientific notation, you multiply the coefficients and add the exponents.
True
False
63
What is true about water (H
2
O)?
It's also called dihydrogen monoxide
It's also called the universal solvent
It has strong intermolecular forces at play (hydrogen bonding)
Has high surface tension/cohesion
64
... quantum level four??
16 orbitals
8 orbitals
S, P, D, and F sublevels
32 electrons
65
Soluble means that the solute can dissolve in the solvent.
False
True
66
Octet rule: atoms like to have full outer shells (usually 8 e-) and they will gain/lose electrons accordingly.
True
False
