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BIO207 Mid Term Review 2021 Part 2 Flashcards | StudBud
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BIO207 Mid Term Review 2021 Part 2
BIO207 Mid Term Review 2021 Part 2
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1
Why is lake turnover important for a stratified lake?
replenishes oxygen to the hypolimnion
creates zones of high oxygen and low oxygen that benefit aquatic organisms
replenishes oxygen to the epilimnion
replenishes carbon dioxide to the thermocline
2
What response have organisms had to the reduced buoyancy of air compared to water when moving onto land
evolution of more streamlined body shape
evolution of lungs
improved in water retention capacity
increased structural support
3
what pH is classified as a basic?
>7
Empty choice
7
4
An estuary is where
a river flows into a lake
a freshwater lake flows into a saltwater river
a river flows into an ocean
the land is covered at high tide but exposed at low tide
5
What percent of the Earth's surface is covered in water?
86%
75%
70%
50%
6
What are the names of the different strata that form in a lake based on water temperature
Upper, middle and lower level
Hyperlimnion, middle-limnion, and Epilimnion
Hyperlimnion, Thermocline (metalimnion), and Upperlimnion
Hypolimnion, Thermocline (metalimnion), Epilimnion
7
The current geological epoch is the
Tatooine
Paleocene
Eocene
Holocene
8
The epilimnium is ____
rapid change in water temp. and thus water density
upper layer of warm, less dense water
shaded and cooler area
lower layer of cold, more dense water
9
Which of the following are ways that organisms are adapting to warming planet?
Longer winter hibernation
later migrations from the equator northward
migrating towards the equator
increased number of life cycles during the summer
10
The long-term average pattern of weather at the local, regional, and global scale is
stable
is unknown
climate
weather
11
How much warmer was the medieval warm period compared to temperature in the first part of the 21 century
2-4 degrees cooler
1-2 degrees warmer
about the same temperature to a little cooler
4-5 degrees warmer
12
The canopy is the _____ level of vegetation in an ecosystem
twelfth
top
middle
bottom
13
What is an Estuary?
Where freshwater and salt water mix
A wildlife preserve
The area between the water lines for high and low tide
A fast-flowing stream
14
How much water on Earth is freshwater?
10%
5%
2%
3%
15
What is the largest flux of water in the hydrologic cycle?
ocean precipitation
atmospheric vapor transport
precipitation
ocean evaporation
16
Water is a nonpolar solvent
FALSE
TRUE
17
On what continent did
Homo sapiens
appear?
North America
Africa
Asia
Europe
18
Which is not a primary way rocks can degrade into soil
Organisms
Fire
Wind
Water
19
The force resistance of an object to move through a liquid is known as .
surface tension
high density
viscosity
buoyancy
20
The bond between a hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of a different water molecule is a _____ bond
covalent
hydrogen
Van der Waals
ionic
21
Which is an example of a flux?
Lake
Ocean
Precipitation
Glacier
22
The mean global temperature in 2019 was ____ºC above the 1951-1980 average
0.10
0.50
0.99
2.35
23
Water is a polar molecule
FALSE
TRUE
24
In what portion of the forest would shrubs and small trees be found at
The Upperstory
The Understory
tThe lowest sory
The Conopy
25
What time period saw the first reptiles on earth?
Carboniferous
Permian
Pleistocene
Devonian
26
What is Epilimnion?
The lower layer of warm, more dense water
The upper layer of cold, less dense water
The upper layer of warm, less dense water
The lower layer of cold, more dense water
27
The thermocline is also known as the
Microlimnion
Metalimnion
Epilimnion
Hypolimnion
28
What are ways that animals aquire water?
Respiration
Eating
Transpiration
Diffusion
29
What is one way that climate change has affected the Earth's oceans
cooling the ocean
accelerating ocean currents
decreasing water
warming the ocean
30
What is the force required for an object to move through liquid?
buoyancy
surface tension
none of the above
viscosity
31
Approximately how long ago did the last ice age end?
10,000 years ago
20,000 years ago
56, 000 years ago
2.6 million years ago
32
The main driver of ocean tides is the
Earth gravitational field
Moon
Mars' orbit
Sun
33
Water is a Polar Solvent
FALSE
TRUE
34
In a maritime climate you would expect larger seasonal temperature changes compared to a continental climate
False
True
35
What is the understory?
Vegetation under the canopy
Tallest trees in the forest
Vegetation on the top layer
Vegetation that grows all alone
36
What is Epilimnion?
upper layer of warm, less dense water
rapid change in water temp. and thus water density
lower layer of cold, more dense water
37
What is surface tension caused by?
rainfall
Density
Cohesion
Animals walking on water
38
Precipitation includes:
snow
rain and snow
rain
wind
39
What is a watershed
a large body of water such a large lake
an area of land that drains into a river or lake
a storage area for precipitation
none of the above
40
An orogeny is also known as a
divergent plate boundary
continental drift
the process of erosion
geological mountain building event
41
What is the pH range of surface waters in southern Appalachia?
4.1-5.5
6.5-7.5
8.5-10
42
Water is a nonpolar molecule.
FALSE
TRUE
Sometimes
43
Current climate change is similar to past climate changes in terms of the rate of temperature change and the causes
False
True
44
Which of these are major factors in soil formation?
all of the above
Topography
Climate
Time
45
What are the three types of plate boundaries?
Alpha, delta, and gamma
Dispersed, stable, and deltoid
Convergent, Divergent, and Transform.
Covert, departed and translation.
46
Why are aquatic animals shaped like a torpedo?
to reduce frictional resistance
to float on water
to be parallel with the surface level
because they want to be like a torpedo
47
What tide bulges on the moon side due to gravitational attraction?
Lobster Tides
Lunar Tides
Sun Tides
Solar Tides
48
Which of these are reservoirs in the water cycle?
ocean
soil moisture
atmosphere
all of the above
49
Globally what areas of Earth are warming the fastest?
The Equatorial regions
The N and S poles
The Eastern Hemisphere
The Western Hemisphere
50
What is the oxygen concentration percentage in air?
1.00%
10.00%
17.00%
21.00%
51
The molecular weight of H
2
O is approximately 18 amu
True
False
52
The _______________ is the zone of rapid change in temperature in a stratified lake
incline
zesty-zone
transition zone
thermocline
53
What Type of Soil Would Have 15% sand, 70% clay, and 15% silt?
Clay
Silt
Sand
Loam
54
Approximately how long ago did the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum occur?
56 million years ago
65 million years ago
300 thousand years ago
56 years ago
55
What is the movement of water from one reservoir to another?
watershed
flux
reservoir
all of the above
56
Epilimnion, is the upper layer of warm, less dense water in a body of water.
True
FALSE
57
What kind of bond does a single molecule of have?
covalent
hydrogen
a close one
58
Solubility is a function of
All of the above
Temperature
salinity
Pressure
59
How many electrons are in the outer shell of a oxygen atom
6
4
2
8
60
What does PETM stand for
Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum
Paleogene-Eocene Temperature Minimum
Paleotomic-Ethocene Temperature Medium
Proportional Earth total metric
61
Which of the following gases are major greenhouse gases related to human activity?
water vapor, oxygen, carbon dioxide
nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon monoxide
methane, oxygen, hydrogen
carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen oxides
62
A decrease in ocean pH is harmful to marine corals because of a
reduction in the bicarbondate ion
reduction in the carbonate ion
increase in the carbonate ion
decrease in dissolved carbon dioxide
63
In the Milankovitch Cycle are responsible for the
cycle of intense precipitation and drought
changes in the sun's intensity
cycle of ice ages and inter-glacial periods
ocean tides
64
Which of the following is the
largest
reservoir of freshwater in the hydrologic cycle?
polar Ice caps and glaciers
ocean
lakes
atmosphere
65
What is phenology?
the age when organisms become sexually mature
the day to day behavior or an organism
the life span of an organisms
the timing of seasonal activities of an organism
66
Frozen water is less dense than liquid water
FALSE
TRUE
67
Tides strongly affect life on the ocean shores.
FALSE
TRUE
68
Which will produce the highest tide event?
sun and moon at right angles to each other
Sun and moon in the same plane on the same side of the Earth
Sun and mars in the same plane on the same of the Earth
sun and moon on opposite side of the Earth
69
What percentage of earths water is salinated?
93%
99%
89%
97%
70
What is one way that climate change has affected the Earth's oceans
increasing salinity
decreasing sea level
increasing sea level
stabilizing sea level
71
The naturalPH range of surface waters in Appalachia
5.5-6.5
4.5-5.3
7.5-10.5
6.5-8.4
72
Terrestrial environments are more variable than aquatic habitats in ___
weather
animals
time and space
space
73
Approximately how much warmer was the global climate in the PETM compared to current global temperature
1-2ºC
similar temperature
5-8ºC
15-20ºC
74
lowest pH level of rain found in Wheeling West Virginia
7
1.5
10
4
75
On the pH scale the number 9 would be considered what?
acid
basic
neutral
none of the above
76
Which of the following is the largest reservoir of water in the hydrological cycle?
polar ice caps and glaciers
lakes
atmosphere
oceans
77
What traps the most energy from the sun?
soil
air
water
78
What time period or epoch is associated with ice ages, large megafauna, and human migrations
Holocene Epoch
Pleistocene Period
Pleistocene Epoch
Carboniferous Period
79
What is the correct order of the levels of organization from smallest to largest?
individual, population, community
landscape, biosphere, biome
individual, community, population
community, landscape, ecosystem
80
What is the Understory?
The top layer of vegetation in an ecosystem
Degradation of rock
The vegetation under the canopy
The material from which soil develops
81
The bonds between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms in a single water molecule is a _________ type of bond
ionic
covalent
hydrogen
unhealthy
82
What is frozen water called?
crystal
popsicle
none of the above
ice
83
What do water molecules function as
polar solute
polar solvent
nonpolar solvent
a nonpolar solute
84
what pH is classified as an acid?
>7
Empty choice
7
85
What is one way that climate change has affected the Earth's oceans
increasing pH
decreasing pH
stabilizing pH flux
increasing neutrality
86
What are the most important factors in soil formation
a single heavy precipitation event
agriculture
climate and time
a hot summer
87
Approximately how long ago was the last glacial maximum?
65 million years ago
18,000-20,000 million years ago
18,000-20,000 ya
65,000 ya
88
True or false: Water has a high specific heat
FALSE
TRUE
89
Climates have changed in the pasts
False
True
90
What is energy released or absorbed in a state of change?
Thermal Energy
Chemical Energy
Latent Energy
Polar Energy
91
What is the current concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
251 parts per million
414 parts per thousand
251 parts per thousand
414 parts per million
92
In the Milankovitch Cycle, eccentricity refers to
a 100,000 year cycle and a change in the title of Earth's axis
a 21,000 year cycle and a change in the shape of Earth's orbit
a 100,000 year cycle and a change in the shape of Earth's orbit
a41,000 year cycle and a change in the shape of Earth's orbit
93
During what time period did giant amphibians, spiders, and dragonflies roam the earth?
Permian
Carboniferous
Devonian
Permian
