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Biology Midterm Review
Biology Midterm Review
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Biology Midterm Review (Scientific Method, Biochemistry, Cells, DNA, Mitosis)
Flashcards
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Answers
1
The organelle that is responsible for digesting waste and apoptosis is a ______________.
Centriole
Lysosome
Ribosome
Golgi
2
The variable that is changed throughout the experiment is the ______________.
Dependent Variable
Independent Variable
Control Variable
Experimental Variable
3
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Mitosis?
Interphase
Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
4
Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 macromolecules we discussed in class?
Carbohydrate
Hemoglobin
Protein
Nucleic Acid
5
Energy is released from ATP when the ___________ bonds are broken.
phosphate
hydrogen
covalent
adenine
6
In an experiment, the group that is kept under normal conditions is called the _________.
Dependent Group
Control Group
Experimental Group
Independent Group
7
Which stage in cellular respiration makes the most ATP?
Fermentation
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Glycolosis
8
Osmosis is the diffusion of ___________ from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
enzymes
DNA
nutrients
water
9
The identical halves of a chromosome are called __________.
centriole
chromatin
centromere
chromatid
10
The ___________ is a storage organelle that contains water, waste, and enzymes.
Ribsome
Vacuole
Nucleus
Lysosome
11
Diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion are types of ____________ transport.
Passive
Active
12
How many ATP's are gained during glycolysis?
2
8
6
4
13
The __________ helps move materials throughout the cell, one type contains ribosomes.
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Golgi Aparatus
Nucleus
14
Which cell structure does this statement describe: protects the cell and selectively permeable?
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Plasma Membrane
15
A sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base make up a _____________.
amino acid
lipid
nucleotide
sugar molecule
16
Which of the following is the correct equation for photosynthesis?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + Light -> 6H2O + 6CO2
6H2O + 6O2 + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6CO2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H2O + 6CO2 + Light
6H2O + 6CO2 + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
17
EXOCYTOSIS moves materials _________ the cell.
outside
into
18
A mass of cells is called a __________.
carcinogen
cyst
malignant
tumor
19
Prokaryotic cells divide by this process: ________________.
Meiosis
Binary Fission
Mitosis
DNA Replication
20
Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen. We call this process ______________.
Krebs Cycle
Glycolosis
Photosynthesis
Fermentation
21
Which phase of mitosis is pictured below?
metaphase
telophase
prophase
anaphase
22
Which is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
ATP + Water + Glucose --> Oxygen + Carbon Dioxide
Glucose + Oxygen --> Water + Carbon Dioxide + ATP
Water + Carbon Dioxide + ATP --> Glucose + Oxygen
Glucose + Carbon Dioxide --> Water + Oxygen + ATP
23
Plant-based foods like vegetables typically contain which carbohydrate?
Cellulose
Amino Acids
Starch
Fats
24
A __________ is a molecule composed of a single subunit.
Monomer
Lipid
Polymer
Macromolecule
25
The macromolecules that store the most energy are _________________.
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
26
What type of carbohydrate can be found in bread, potatoes, and wheat?
Amino Acids
Fats
Cellulose
Starch
27
Which organelle is the site for protein synthesis?
ER
Mitochondria
Golgi
Ribosome
28
Cells that have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles are __________.
Nonexistent
Prokaryotic
Bacteria
Eukaryotic
29
Which of the following organelles is NOT unique to a plant cell?
Central Vacuole
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
30
All macromolecules are "organic" meaning they have one element in common. What is the element?
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Carbon
31
During __________ chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell.
telophase
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
32
During ____________ the nuclei begin to reappear and the cleavage furrow begins to form?
metaphase
prophase
telophase
anaphase
33
Choose the correct order for the levels of organization in organisms.
Tissue - Cell - Organ System - Organ - Organism
Tissue - Cell - Organ - Organism - Organ System
Organ System - Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organism
Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Organism
34
Facilitated diffusion requires the aid of a __________ to move materials from high to low.
protein
DNA molecule
carbohydrate
water molecule
35
The variable that measures numbers quantities or numbers is the ___________ variable.
Independent
Dependent
Quantitative
Qualitative
36
Passive transport does NOT require energy. True or False?
False
True
37
Choose the correct sequence for the Scientific Method.
Hypothesis, Observe, Experiment, Conclusion, Data
Hypothesis, Experiment, Observe, Data, Conclusion
Observe, Experiment, Hypothesis, Data, Conclusion
Observe, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data, Conclusion
38
Enzymes function as a ______________ to speed up chemical reactions.
storage molecule
nutrient
genetic code
catalyst
39
The movement of solutes from areas of high concentration to low concentration is?
osmosis
endocytosis
diffusion
phagocytosis
40
In plant cells, the ________ begins to form at the end of mitosis to help divide the cytoplasm.
cleavage furrow
spindle fibers
cell plate
centriole
41
In an experiment the experimental group is the group that is ________________.
kept the same
controlled
not tested
tested
42
Which phase of mitosis is pictured below?
prophase
anaphase
telophase
metaphase
43
Active transport requires energy to move molecules across the plasma membrane. True or False?
True
False
44
On a graph, the independent variable is graphed on the ___________-axis.
Z
X
0
Y
45
Polymers are molecules composed of repeating units of ____________.
Carbon Rings
Macromolecules
Chains of Carbon
Monomers
46
The stage of the cell cycle where the membrane pinches inward forming two new cells is _______.
Telophase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Interphase
47
The pigment found in plants that absorbs sunlight is ____________.
phytochrome
ribose
chlorophyll
carotene
48
The dependent variable in an experiment is _____________________.
changed
observed
kept the same
measured
49
Enzymes, hair, and nails are all examples of which type of macromolecule?
Protein
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
50
Cellular Respiration takes place in both plant and animal cells in which organelle?
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Nucleus
51
A cell that has no membrane bound organelles and no nucleus is a __________ cell.
plant
animal
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
52
Which piece of technology aided in the formation of the cell theory?
Agar
Telescope
Microscope
Petri Dish
53
During interphase DNA is in the ___________ form.
condensed
chromatin
chromsome
54
Chromosomes line up in the middle of cell during _______________.
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase
Metaphase
55
The glucose molecule is organized into a 6-sided ring. Which macromolecule is this?
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Protein
56
ENDOCYTOSIS moves molecules _________ the cell.
outside
into
57
On a graph, the dependent variable is graphed on the _________-axis.
Y
Z
0
X
58
Variables that are kept the same throughout the experiment are called ____________.
Dependent Variables
Experimental Variables
Control Variables
Independent Variables
59
DNA condenses into chromosomes and the nucleus begins to break down during _______.
Prophase
Telophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
60
The macromolecule that includes all sugars is ________________.
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
61
Which organelle contains genetic material and is known as the control center of the cell?
Ribosome
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Golgi
62
Which of the following statements is NOT part of the Cell Theory?
All living things are made of cells.
The cell is the basic unit of life.
All cells have a nucleus and organelles.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
63
Which phase of mitosis is pictured below?
prophase
anaphase
telophase
metaphase
64
Photosynthesis takes place in which organelle of plant cells?
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Ribosome
65
The uncontrolled division of cells is called ________.
cancer
S-phase
mitosis
G2-phase
66
The term for programmed cell death is _____________.
lysis
cytokinesis
mitosis
apoptosis
67
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of _____________.
oxygen
glucose
water
carbon dioxide
68
Fats, oils, and waxes are all examples of which macromolecule?
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
69
This organelle packages and transports materials throughout the cell?
Vacuole
Ribosome
ER
Golgi Apparatus
70
The ____________ holds sister chromatids together.
chromatin
centromere
centriole
chromosome
71
The monomer of a protein is ______________.
a glucose molecule.
a fatty acid chain.
a nucleotide.
an amino acid.
72
The cell cycle stage that prepares the cell for division is _______________.
Prophase
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
