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AP Psychology - Unit 3 review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psychology - Unit 3 review
AP Psychology - Unit 3 review
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1
In latent learning what does the word latent mean?
Diminished
Hidden
Fast
Delayed
2
In classical conditioning, generalization is _______
any stimulus similar to the CS will produce the CR
when the US becomes the CS
losing the CS over time
responding differently to different stimuli
3
Stage when children communicate through symbols & language, are egocentric & lack an understanding of conservation
formal operational stage
preoperational stage
concrete operational stage
sensorimotor stage
4
A lack of object permanence is indicative of which stage of cognitive development?
pre-conventional
sensorimotor
pre-operational
formal operational
5
Learning by watching others
Observational Learing
Modleing
Imitation
Meme
6
What is insight learning?
long period time to find solution
sudden realization of a solution
dunable to find soluton
instant realization of solution
7
_____________ refers to characteristic mood, activity level, and emotional reactivity (mini-personality).
maturation
attachment
temperament
inhibition
8
Which of the following is true of Alzheimer's disease?
it involves the gradual deterioration of physical ability
All of the Above
it involves the gradual deterioration of cognitive ability
it is a progressive and irreversible brain disorder
9
Mothers who are attentive to their children’s needs are more likely to promote __________.
avoidant attachment
resistant attachment
secure attachment
disorganized attachment
10
Getting paid every Friday
Variable-Interval
Fixed-Interval
Variable-Interval
Fixed-Ratio
11
Harry Harlow's monkey experiment demonstrated the importance of ______ when forming attachment.
contact comfort
nutrition
a familiar environment
socialization
12
What are teratogens?
any external agents that can harm an embryo or fetus
structures that allow oxygen & nutrients to pass to fetus
a one-celled organism formed by the union of a sperm and egg
a collection of congenital problems associated with alcohol
13
Object permanence is awareness that things continue to exist even though they are not perceived
False
True
14
A principle difference between longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is the..
time span of the study
developmental stage of the participants
number of participant involved
sampling method used to choose participants
15
What must be done for punishment to work?
It must be slow and non-consistent
It must be simple and violent to motivate them
It must be swift, consistent, and appropriate to the behavior
It must give them mixed messages and make them cry
16
Which of the following identifies children's difficulty seeing another's perspective?
egocentric thinker
abstract thinker
a child who understands conversation
role player
17
children with a(n) _________ attachment tend to cling to a caregiver and do not easily calm down
disorganized
avoidant
secure
anxious ambivalent
18
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is…
securily attached
authoritative
permissive
authoritarian
19
Children with a(n) _________ attachment, often don't care if caregiver leaves or returns
avoidant
disorganized
anxous ambivalent
secure
20
During what phase does a child finally start to undersand conservation?
formal operational
sensorimotor
preoperational
concerte operational
21
Theory we learn our genders by observing and imitating as well as by being rewarded and punished
psychoanalytic theory
social learning theory
22
The unconditioned stimulus in Pavlov’s experiments with dogs was
fear
the ringing of the bell
food
salivation
23
Suspending a basketball player for committing a flagrant foul is an example of:
Secondary Reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
Punishment
Positive Reinforcement
24
Mary Ainsworth found that children who formed ______ attachments explored freely & were sad when the caregiver left.
secure
avoidant
authoritarian
authoratative
25
What does an authoritative parenting style include?
few rules and demands on a child
rules but room for discussion and exceptions. open dialogue
rules with little room for discussion or exceptions
26
What kind of studies involve participants who are monitored over an extended period of time?
longitudinal studies
cohort studies
cross-sectional studies
developmental studies
27
In operant conditioning
your students will all get As on their first quiz
a stimulus will always lead to an unconditioned response
a reinforcement causes a behavior rewarded to occur again
behaviors are the most resistant to extinction.
28
Which of the following phenomena is the ability to understand that quantity does not change despite appearances?
conservation
reversibility
egocentricism
object permanence
29
What was Lev Vygostsky known for?
a cognitive theory which states children learn through social interaction
a physical development theory focused on maturation
30
At what age does generativity vs stagnation occur?
middle adulthood 40’s through 60’s
adolescence
late adulthood (60's and older)
young adulthood (20's through 30's)
31
Which term of prenatal development encompasses the first two weeks after conception?
embryo
fetus
baby
zygote
32
According to Erikson’s theory, adolescents are most primarily concerned in a search for…
autonomy
affection
identity
career
33
All of the following decline as one ages: recall, strength, reaction time, sensory sharpness, fluid intelligence
true
false
34
In Pavlov's experiments, what is the conditioned stimulus?
Sound of Bell
None of the Above
Food
Salivation
35
the process by which certain animals (ducks, geese) form attachments during a critical period early in life
imprinting
habituating
assimilating
36
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
autonomy
sensorimotor
preoperational
conventional
37
In what order are the stages of development in (Piaget)
sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, fromal operational
concrete operational, sensorimotor, formal operational, preoperational
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational, concrete operational
38
Slot Machine (which schedule of reinforcement?)
Fixed interval
Fixed ratio
Variable ratio
Variable interval
39
According to Erickson, you develop your ____, a part of who you are, from your group memberships
sefl-esteem
social identity
social self
self-interest
40
Assimilation definition
anything that can disrupt the development of a fetus in a pregnant woman.
interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas.
a branch of psychology concerned with mental processes.
41
Vygotsky called the space between what a child could learn with and without help the…
zone of abstract logic
zone of abstract reasoning
theory of mind
zone of proximal development
42
Harlow’s experiments with substitute mothers made of wire demonstrated the importance of what aspect of nurturing?
imprinting
touch
stranger anxiety
feeding
43
Fouling out of a game on the fifth foul.
fixed ratio
variable ratio
variable interval
fixed interval
44
Cigarette smoke, alcohol, and cold viruses are all considered...
teratogens
schemas
zygotes
45
Aiden's parents track him via GPS, have a strict curfew, and demand obedience. They are...
using the authoritative style of parenting
using the best style of parenting
using the permissive style of parenting
using the authoritarian style of parenting
46
A toddler being potty trained is facing a challenge in which Erikson's stages?
autonomy vs shame & doubt
trust vs mistrust
industry vs inferiority
initiative vs guilt
47
Females tend to enter puberty ______ males.
before
after
48
What is a cross-sectional study?
a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another
a study in which people of different cultures are compared to one another
49
What was used in banduras study
Punching bag
Punching Ball
A wall
Bobo doll
50
Which of the following is the correct term for a mental framework Piaget said we use to interpret our environment?
schema
concentration
stability
soft music
51
Which schedule of reinforcement forms addictions?
Variable ratio
Fixed interval
Variable ratio
Variable interval
52
In Pavlovian conditioning, the conditioned stimulus (CS) is
Originally neutral with respect to the response being measured
The response that the US causes
One that always automatically elicits a response (like salivation)
A stimulus to which the organism will habitats
53
Reinforcement is a consequence that
increases the future probability of behavior
decreases the future probability of behavior
sings to you
does nothing to behavior
54
Which is the correct order?
zygote, embryo, fetus
embryo, zygote, fetus
embryo, fetus, zygote
zygote, fetus, embryo
55
What is crystalized intelligence?
one's abstract thinking and speed of processing; tends to decrease by age
one’s accumulated knowledge and verbal skills, tends to increase with age
56
In Pavlov's experiment, what was the CONDITIONED Response?
Whimpering
Barking
Salivating
No Response
57
What is the rooting reflex?
reflex where babies hold their breath when dropped in water
infant reflex where a baby is touched and turns its head in that direction
reflex where babies grasp tightly