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Anti-infectives Revised
Anti-infectives Revised
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Answers
1
When would a broad-spectrum antibiotic be prescribed?
after a patient’s culture is positive for Clostridium Difficile (CDAD)
while a culture and sensitivity test are pending
to treat a drug-resistant bacterial infection
when the bacteria is gram-negative only
2
Cephalosporins always cause an allergic reaction in client's with a history of PCN allergy.
True
False
3
A female client of child-bearing age is prescribed PCN. What education should the nurse provide?
Oral contraceptives are not as effective while on PCN
Fluid intake does not need to be increased while on PCN
GI upset is not likely with the PCN antibiotics.
PCN should never be taken while pregnant
4
What currently prescribed drug can have an interaction with aminoglycosides?
Metformin
Morphine
Propranolol
Ibuprofen
5
How fast should vancomycin be administered when given intravenously?
Over a minimum of 15 minutes
Over 30 minutes
Over 60-90 minutes
Over 2- 6 hours
6
The nurse is to administer a cephalosporin IV to a neonate. What information would cause the nurse the most concern?
TPN infusion is prescribed
Mother is allergic to PCN
Blood glucose has been low 2 times in 48 hours
Urine output is 1.5 ml/kg /hour
7
The black box warning for fluoroquinolone antibiotics includes QT prolongation.
True
False
8
Rifampin can cause permanent staining of soft contact lenses and clothing.
False
True
9
What teaching is important with sulfonamides?
Only urinate when your bladder feels full
Sulfonamides have very few adverse effects
Drink at least 2 liters of fluid every day
Limit sun exposure to 4 hours per day
10
Who should not take tetracycline antibiotics?
Women of childbearing age
People with sexually transmitted infections
People prescribed digoxin
Children under 8 years old
11
What should the nurse assess for in a client taking a PCN and warfarin?
Increased platelet count
Increased infection
Signs of bleeding
Decreased INR level
12
What teaching should the nurse include for a client with diabetes prescribed ciprofloxacin?
You will need to double your insulin doses
Check your blood sugar more often
There is not impact on blood glucose when on ciprofloxacin
You will need to decrease your insulin doses to half the normal amount
13
A client is prescribed gentamicin. What assessment would be most concerning to the nurse?
Urine is clear, light yellow and aromatic
Urine output of 1000 mL per day
The patient is unsteady on their feet and struggles with balance
The patient hears the nurse speaking clearly
14
The nurse is educating a patient prescribed Metronidazole to avoid alcohol. Which side effects does this prevent?
Headaches, nausea, vomiting
Redman syndrome, nephrotoxicity, loss of balance
Cardiac dysrhythmias, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia
Photosensitivity, tinnitus, otoxicity
15
What objective data would be the best indicator the antibiotics are effective?
Temperature is 99.2
Abscence of pain
WBC is decreasing
Blood pressure is 120/80
16
A culture should be obtained before initiating any antibiotics.
False
True
17
Vancomycin is the drug of choice for MRSA infections.
False
True
18
A client is prescribed ceftriaxone. What concurrently prescribed medication would concern the nurse?
Atorvastatin
Metformin
Furosemide
Metoprolol
19
Macrolides can be given orally, intramuscularly, intravenously, and topically.
True
False
20
Beta-lactamase inhibitors can be used alone or in combination with PCN.
True
False
21
Acyclovir is commonly used to treat herpes zoster.
False
True
22
To decrease the risk of reaction to amphotericin B, the nurse would plan to administer which medications as prescribed?
Methylprednisolone
Morphine
Ibuprofen
Ondansetron
23
Sudden onset of watery stools and abdominal cramping is an expected side effect of antibiotics and is not concerning.
False
True
24
Which nursing intervention is a high priority for the client who is taking cefepime?
Administer IV cephalosporins over 2 hours to prevent phlebitis
Instruct the client to take the drug for 5 days only.
Monitor the client for signs and symptoms of a superinfection.
Wait until culture results are received before initiating antibiotic.
25
CD4 count is <200 cells/mm3 and viral load is >50 copies/mL demonstrates the HAART therapy is effective.
True
False
26
When a client wants to take an antacid with antibiotics, what is the appropriate teaching?
You must take the antacid with the antibiotic to help the GI distress
You should take the antacid 1 hour before the antibiotic
You cannot take an antacid while presribed antibiotics
You should take the antacid 1-2 hours after the antibiotic
27
What are some general side effects of antibiotics?
Steven's Johnson Syndrome
Superinfection
Allergy/hypersensitivity
Tendon rupture
28
Vancomycin is infusing. Pt has pruritus, flushing and BP 80/41. What adverse effect does the nurse suspect?
Anaphylaxis
Blood Dyscrasia
Redman Syndrome
Angioedema
29
What can contribute to antibiotic resistance?
Eating meat that from animals not treated with antibiotics
Bacteria just are resistant to antibiotics
Taking the entire course of antibiotics
Overprescribing of antibiotics
30
What teaching will the nurse provide with nystatin swish and swallow?
Swish the medication around your mouth, coating all surfaces, then swallow
Do not shake the bottle as it will damage the medication
You must never gargle this drug as it can cause esophageal obstructions
Drink water after taking the swish and swallow to help it reach the stomach
31
Amphotericin B is a relatively safe anti-fungal medication.
False
True
32
Isoniazid is prescribed for TB. What other medication is often prescribed with INH to prevent side effect?
Promethazine
Pyridoxine
Acetaminophen
Prednisone
33
A client will be taking levofloxacin and ondansetron. Which statement indicates they understood the education?
I will monitor my blood pressure while taking this medications.
I will not drive a motor vehicle when taking these medications.
Administration of these medications can cause discoloration of teeth.
Taking these medications can increase the risk of cardiac arrythmias.
