Biologists in Darwin's time already understood that living things change over time. How did Darwin contribute to this?

He figured out and explained how these changes happened with evidence.

The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that...

Without certain checks on population size, there would not be enough food.

Which of the following best describes the relationships between the nucleus and the cytoplasm?

The nucleus is an organelle that is surrounded by the cytoplasm.

What did Charles Darwin learn from reading the work of James Hutton and Charles Lyell?

Gradual change over long periods of time can result in dramatic changes.

Biodiversity is valuable partly because it...

Contributes to medicine and agriculture.

Based on the adaptations Charles Dawin observed in finches and tortoises in the islands, he wondered...

If species living on different islands had once been in the same species.

A benefit of monoculture farming practices is...

The ability to grow a lot of food.

The goals of biodiversity conservation include all of the following EXCEPT..

Introducing exotic species into new environments.

How are species diversity and genetic diversity different?

Species measures number of species and genetic measures genes in biosphere.

Darwin first began to formulate his concept of evolution by natural selection after.

Observing patterns among the geographical location of certain species.

People of Charles Darwin's time understood the fossils were.

Preserved remains of ancient organisms.

Charles Darwin's observation that finches of different species have many similar characteristics supports that...

Descended from a common ancestor.

A tall plant is crossed with a short plant if the tall plants are allowed to self-pollinate..

The offspring can be tall or short.

Based on Darwin's theory of natural selection people who survive are the ones best for their environment. This is due to

Possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.

Which of the following is true about nonrenewable resources?

They cannot be replaced after they are used up.

Which of the following lists structures from smallest to largest?

Double helix, nucleosome, coil, supercoil, chromosome.

In the 1800s, Charles Lyell emphasized that...

Past geological events must be explained in processes observable today.

Lamarck's ideas about evolution include the concept that differences among the traits of organisms arise as a result of?

The actions of organisms as they use of fail to use body structures.

What is the correct equation for cellular respiration

6O2+C6H12o6+energy= 6CO2 + 6H2o

Gases diffuse most efficiently across a...

Thin, moist, selectively permeable membrane.

If a pea plant's alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?

Both parents contributed a recessive allele.

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Biology 2

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Answers

1
Biologists in Darwin's time already understood that living things change over time. How did Darwin contribute to this?
He figured out and explained how these changes happened with evidence.
He made guesses about how the changes happened, and wrote experiments.
He was the first person to believe that these changes happened.
2
Variation in human skin color is an example of...
Polygenic traits.
Codominance.
Multiple alleles.
3
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to...
Nuclei.
Cytoplasm.
Mitochondria.
4
In the Punnett square shown which of the following is true about the offspring resulting from the cross?
All are expected to be tall.
All are expected to be short.
About three fourths are expected to be tall.
5
Energy is released from ATP when...
ATP is exposed to sunlight.f
A phosphate group is removed.
A phosphate group is added.
6
All of the following are threats to biodiversity EXCEPT...
Biological magnification of toxic compounds.
Introduced species.
Habitat preservation.
7
The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that...
The majority of a species offspring die.
Without certain checks on population size, there would not be enough food.
In the human population, people die faster than babies were born.
8
Which of the following best describes the relationships between the nucleus and the cytoplasm?
The nucleus is an organelle that is surrounded by the cytoplasm.
The cytoplasm is an organelle found near the nucleus.
The nucleus is a fluid and it mixes with the fluid cytoplasm.
9
What did Charles Darwin learn from reading the work of James Hutton and Charles Lyell?
Gradual change over long periods of time can result in dramatic changes.
Earth is relatively young.
The processes that formed old rocks on Earth do not operate today.
10
When during the cell cycle is a celll's DNA replicated?
G2 Phase
G phase.
S phase.
11
Most plants appear green because chlorophyll....
Absorbs violet light.
Does not absorb green light.
Absorbs green light.
12
Biodiversity is valuable partly because it...
Tells us about many other species.
Gives us interesting things to look at.
Contributes to medicine and agriculture.
13
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of...
Haploid cells.
Body cells.
2N daughter cells.
14
Based on the adaptations Charles Dawin observed in finches and tortoises in the islands, he wondered...
If all birds on the different islands were finches.
If species living on different islands had once been in the same species.
If finches and tortoises had originated from the same ancesteral species.
15
Which organelles are involved in energy conversion?
Golgi apparatus and chloroplasts
Mitochondria and chloroplasts
Smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum
16
A benefit of monoculture farming practices is...
The use of less water for irrigation.
The ability to grow a lot of food.
The ability to spend less money on fertilizer.
17
In humans the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown are
Example of fossils.
Acquired traits.
Vestigial structures .
18
An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction.
Requires more time.
Produces genetic diversity.
Produces identical offspring.
19
The goals of biodiversity conservation include all of the following EXCEPT..
Protecting individual species.
Introducing exotic species into new environments.
Preserving habitats and ecosystems.
20
The different forms of a gene are called.
Alleles.
Traits.
Hybrids.
21
Homeostasis is a...
Stable internal environment.
Phylum of invertebrates.
Response to a stimulus.
22
Which organelle breaks down organelles that are no longer useful?
Lysosome.
Endoplasmic reticulum.
Mitochondrion.
Nucleus.
23
How are species diversity and genetic diversity different?
Species measures number of species and genetic measures genes in biosphere.
species is evaluated only in ecosystems, while genetic is the biosphere.
Species measures number of individuals of species, genetic measures variety
24
Which of the following enclose their DNA in a nucleus?
Bacteria.
Viruses.
Eukaryotes.
25
Darwin first began to formulate his concept of evolution by natural selection after.
Agreeing with Lamarck about the driving force behind evolution.
Reading the writings of Wallace.
Observing patterns among the geographical location of certain species.
26
Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene are called...
Complete Dominance.
Polygenic inheritance.
Incomplete Dominance.
Multiple alleles.
27
Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down...
Oxygen.
Carbon Dioxide.
Food Molecules.
ATP.
28
People of Charles Darwin's time understood the fossils were.
Preserved remains of ancient organisms.
Available for every organism that ever lived.
Unrelated to living species.
29
Charles Darwin's observation that finches of different species have many similar characteristics supports that...
Descended from a common ancestor.
Acquired traits through use and disuse.
Have the ability to interbreed.
30
A tall plant is crossed with a short plant if the tall plants are allowed to self-pollinate..
The offspring can be tall or short.
The offspring will be of medium height.
All of the offspring with be short.
31
Based on Darwin's theory of natural selection people who survive are the ones best for their environment. This is due to
Lack of competition within the species.
Possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.
Possession of adaptations developed through use.
32
If an organisms's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is...
24
6
12
34
33
Which of the following is true about nonrenewable resources?
Using them up will help keep the environment healthy.
They cannot be replaced after they are used up.
There are plenty for people to use for a long time.
34
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be...
Hybrid.
Heterozygous.
Homozygous.
35
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into...
Oxygen and high-energy sugars.
ATP and oxygen.
High-energy sugars and proteins.
36
One measure of the human impact on the biosphere is called..
An ecological footprint.
Biodiversity.
Biological magnification.
37
Which of the following lists structures from smallest to largest?
Chromosome, coil, double helix, nucleosome, supercoil.
Nucleosome, coil, double helix, chromosome, supercoil.
Double helix, nucleosome, coil, supercoil, chromosome.
38
Which of the following organisms is a heterotroph.
mushroom.
Sunflower.
Alga.
39
In rabbits, there are four different versions of the gene for coat color. What pattern of inheritance is this?
Codominance.
Incomplete Dominance.
Multiple alleles.
40
The number of different species in the biosphere or in a certain area is called...
Species diversity.
Genetic diversity.
Ecosystem diversity.
41
In the 1800s, Charles Lyell emphasized that...
The human population will outgrow the available food supply.
Past geological events must be explained in processes observable today.
Earth is a few thousand years old.
42
Oxygen and carbon dioxide move across respiratory membranes by...
Simple diffusion.
Active transport.
Gated channels.
43
The Calvin Cycle is another name for the...
Photosynthesis reaction.
Light- dependent reactions.
Light- independent reactions.
44
Lamarck's ideas about evolution include the concept that differences among the traits of organisms arise as a result of?
An unchanging local environment.
The actions of organisms as they use of fail to use body structures.
Continual increases in population size.
45
One of the greatest threats today to biodiversity is...
Old-growth forests.
Altered habitats.
Ozone depletion.
46
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration
6CO2 + 6 H2O + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 38ATP
6O2+C6H12o6+energy= 6CO2 + 6H2o
47
Gregor Mendel removed the male parts from the flowers of some plants in order to...
Control crosses between plants.
Prevent Hybrids from forming.
Stimulate self-pollination.
48
How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whose genotype was RrYY?
2
8
16
12
49
Gases diffuse most efficiently across a...
Thick, moist, impermeable membrane.
Thin, moist, impermeable membrane.
Thin, moist, selectively permeable membrane.
50
Each pea-plant gamete has how many alleles for the height gene?
2
1
3
51
If a pea plant's alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?
Both parents were tall.
Both parents contributed a dominant allele.
Both parents contributed a recessive allele.
52
James Hutton's and Charles Lyell's work suggests that?
Each is several million years old.
All fossils were formed in the last 1000 years.
Earth is several thousand years old.
53
Which sequence correctly traces the path of protein in the cell...
Ribosome, Endoplasmic reticulum. Golgi apparatus.
Endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi apparatus.
Ribosome, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum.
54
Biogeography is the study of....
How different species can be interbreed.
Where species and their ancestors live.
How extinct species can be related to living species.
55
When a dairy farmer chooses to breed the cows that give the most milk in the herd the farmers are using the principle of
Acquired characteristics.
Artificial selection.
Natural selection.
56
Protecting an entire ecosystem ensures that...
Interactions among many species will be preserved.
Captive breeding programs will succeed.
Existing parks and reserves will expand.
57
When you flip a coin, what is the probability that it will come up tails?
1/2
1
1/4
58
Gregor Mendel’s principles of genetics apply to…
All organisms
Pea plants only
Animals only
59
Similar patterns of embryological development in different but related organisms are responsible for the formation of...
Analogous structures.
Intermediate fossil forms.
Homologous structures.
60
Introduced species can threaten biodiversity because they can...
Cause biological magnification.
Crowd out native species.
Cause desertification.
61
Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
Vacuole.
Ribosome.
Mitochondrion.
62
The idea that events war, and starvation could prevent endless growth of human population was presented by...
Charles Lyell.
Thomas Malthus.
Charles Darwin.
63
A student looks at a slice of tissue on a microscope slide. The student figures out the tissue is not animal because...
The tissue has cell membranes.
The tissue has cell walls.
The tissue has nuclei.
64
A major factor that negatively affects biodiversity is...
Habitat fragmentation.
Biological magnification.
Contour plowing.
65
Which structure and figure 8–2 represents a single thylakoid
Structure a
Structure C
Structure B
66
Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble...
Moving needed materials in and waste products out.
Storing needed materials and waste products.
Dividing.
67
Which of the following organisms makes its own food using light energy from the sun?
Oak.
Mushroom.
Amoeba.
68
One way that meiosis is different from mitosis is that...
Sister chromatids are pulled apart during meiosis, but not during mitosis.
Chromosomes are segregated during mitosis but remain together in meiosis.
Meiosis produces 2 haploid daughter cells, but mitosis produces 2 diploid.
69
What advance in technology made the discovery of cells possible?
The centrifuge.
The microscope.
The particle accelerator.
70
The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on different Islands varied in structural ways. One of the biggest was?
Birds' different- shaped beaks.
Similarities of the birds embryos.
Number of eggs in each bird's nest.
71
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence...
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase.
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, telophase.
72
When Gregor Mendel crossed a tall plant with a short plant, the F plants inherited..
One allele from each parent.
three alleles from each parent.
two alleles from each parent.
four alleles from each parent.
73
Carnivores have teeth that are designed to...
Slice.
Pulverize.
Rasp.
74
One advantage of asexual reproduction is that animals can.
Produce offspring that are not genetically identical to their parent.
Increase their numbers rapidly.
Adapt to environmental change rapidly.
75
All animals eat to obtain...
Nutrients.
Oxygen.
Carbon dioxide.
76
What is formed at the end of meiosis.
Two genetically different cells.
Four genetically different cells.
Four genetically identical cells.
77
Which event occurs during interphase?
Centrioles duplicate.
Spindle fibers begin to form.
Centromeres divide.
78
Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it is a prokaryote. How do you know?
The cell lacks a nucleus.
The cell lacks a cell membrane.
The cell lacks genetic material.
79
Organisms that must obtain nutrients and energy by eating other organisms are...
Heterotrophic.
Autotrophic.
Eukaryotic.
80
A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. The probability that a F plant will be tall is...
50%
100%
75%
25%
81
A Breed of chicken shows codominance for feather color One allele codes black feathers, one codes white. The chicken is
White
Black
Speckled
82
Which of the following ideas is supported by Darwin's observation of local variation amount tortoises in the Islands?
Artifical selection.
Adaptation.
Acquired characteristics.
83
What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?
NADH, NADPH, and FADH.
stroma, grana, and chlorophyll.
adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups.
84
To maintain homeostasis, land animals that hunt and feed in salt water...
Choose to eat animals that are not very salty.
Drink less water to limit salt intake.
Have adaptations that let them get rid of excess salt.
85
A developer wants to build a new development in a city. Which of the following would be least harmful to the environment
Building a neighborhood in a meadow at the edge of the city.
Building apartments at the site of an abandoned factory in the city
Filling a wetland area and building oceanfront condominiums
86
The data in the graph figure 6–5 above helped ecologist identify which environmental problem
Global warming
Habitat fragmentation
The hole in the ozone layer
87
Darwin realized that the economist Malthus's theory of population control...
Could be generalized only when populations lived in crowded conditions.
Could be generalized to any population of organisms.
Applied to only humans.
88
Which of the following is a fertilized egg?
A pseudocoelom.
A blastopore.
A zygote.
89
A cell that contains a nucleus and a membrane-bound organelle is
Prokaryotic.
Eukaryotic.
Multicellular.
90
Success at solving environmental problem is more likely when researchers following the basics of ecology because...
Ecology uses scientific research to identify a cause and the best solution.
People in the world are more interested in saving the environment.
Ecological solutions to problems are usually quickly implemented.
91
When farming, overgrazing, climate change, or drought turn farmland into land that cannot support life is called...
Desertification.
Depletion.
Monoculture.
92
Arms of primates and winds of birds are variations amount...
Tails.
Forelimbs.
Body coverings.
93
Jean- Baptiste Lamarck proposed that organisms...
Inherit all of the adaptations they display.
Have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection.
Have an innate tendency to become simpler as time passes.
94
A side-to side movement of the jaws wouldl be most useful in an animal that eats.
Algae.
Blood.
Grass.
95
Darwin noticed that many organisms seemed well suited to...
Providing humans with food.
Swimming from South America to the Galapagos Island.
Surviving in the environments in which they lived.
96
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
Only when they are being replicated.
Only during cell division.
Only during interphase.
97
During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell that has four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells each having
Four chromosomes.
Sixteen chromosomes.
Six chromosomes.
Two chromosomes.
98
The arctic fox is blue-grey in the summer and white in the winter. What influenced this change?
The environment alone.
Codominant alleles.
Genes and the environment.
99
Which of the following is NOT a principle of the cell theory.
Very few cells are able to reproduce.
All living things are made of cells.
Cells are the basic unit of life.
100
Gametes are produced by the process of...
Meiosis.
Mitosis.
Replication.

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