Chadwick BIOL 221 Exam 1 Review

Question 1

What is the shape of this bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Bacillus

Question 2

What is the type of endocytosis where the cell takes in liquids?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis

Question 3

The Svedburg values represent the molecular size and density of ribosomal components when centrifuged.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 4

An atom is more likely to be a part of a chemical reaction if it fulfills the octet rule.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 5

Which of the following describes the fatty acid formation where the hydrogen atoms are on the same side of the d-bond.

Accepted Answer

Cis

Question 6

Carbohydrates can be used for energy storage, genetic materials, and as a structural component of cells.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 7

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

Pentose carbon ring, Nucleobase, Phosphate group

Question 8

Which two of the following define microbiome?

Accepted Answer

The microbial community itself., The total genetic content of a microbial community.

Question 9

The function of a protein is determined by the length of the polypeptide and the sequence of the amino acids.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 10

What is the monomer of lipids?

Accepted Answer

There is no common subunit for lipids

Question 11

The cytoplasmic membrane has proteins that all have the same function.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 12

What are the two components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative cells?

Accepted Answer

Lipid A and O antigen

Question 13

When a solution is acidic, it has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 14

Both bacteria and archaea are characterized to be able to survive extreme conditions.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 15

What is the type of endocytosis where the cell takes in receptors and ligands?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 16

What is the procedure where multiple dyes are used to distinguish different groups of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Differential staining

Question 17

Which of the following can microorganisms be used for?

Accepted Answer

Biodegradation, Biotechnology, Food production, Commercial products

Question 18

Where is the genetic information located in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 19

Microbes cannot be used to study higher life-forms.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 20

Some pathogens can cause chronic diseases such as ulcers and some cancers.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 21

The cell membrane is a fluid mosaic model, meaning it is stiff.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 22

Bacteria that lack a cell wall are easily destroyed by antimicrobial substances.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 23

You do not need a lot of evidence from an experiment to develop a theory.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 24

Which of the following shows the correct binomial nomenclature format?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus mutans

Question 25

Which scientist used a swan-necked flask to prove that broths can remain sterile even when exposed to air?

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur

Question 26

What are the microbes that cause disease called?

Accepted Answer

Pathogens

Question 27

Which reaction uses a water molecule to break polymers into their respective monomers?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 28

Gram-positive bacteria are easier to kill than Gram-negative bacteria.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 29

Which of the following is the movement of molecules from a low to high concentration, therefore needing energy?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 30

Which of the following macromolecules are characterized to be hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 31

Which of the following are the three components of atoms?

Accepted Answer

Neutrons, Protons, Electrons

Question 32

Which scientist observed that different broths needed to be boiled for different amounts of time?

Accepted Answer

John Tyndall

Question 33

Which of the following molecules is an example of a compound lipid?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids

Question 34

Which protein structure is the 3D formation of a single polypeptide chain?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary

Question 35

Covalent bonds are where atoms transfer electrons rather than share electrons.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 36

What is the monomer of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 37

Which type of microscope uses electrons to produce images of the exterior of a bacterial cell.

Accepted Answer

Scanning electron microscope

Question 38

Specific cellular components/compounds can be tagged with fluorescent dyes and tags that glow.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 39

For every microbe that is studied in the lab, more than 99 others can be characterized using DNA sequencing.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 40

What are heat-resistant forms of bacteria called?

Accepted Answer

Endospores

Question 41

Which of the following are organisms that are single-celled eukaryotes that can live in aquatic and terrestrial places.

Accepted Answer

Protozoa

Question 42

What is spontaneous generation?

Accepted Answer

Living organisms arising from non-living materials

Question 43

What is the shape of this bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Spirochete

Question 44

What are molecules found in prokaryotes that do not contain genetic info, but can code for special functions?

Accepted Answer

Plasmids

Question 45

Which scientist boiled broths for an extended time, melted the flasks closed, & observed no contamination of the broths?

Accepted Answer

Lazzaro Spallanzani

Question 46

After performing a Gram stain, what color would the Gram-positive cells be?

Accepted Answer

Purple

Question 47

Which atomic components are used to calculate the mass number?

Accepted Answer

Protons, Neutrons

Question 48

The cell walls of archaea are made of peptidoglycan.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 49

What is the type of bacteria where the cell wall is made of a thin layer of peptidoglycan and has an outer membrane?

Accepted Answer

Gram-negative

Question 50

Which of the following statements about DNA is false?

Accepted Answer

It uses uracil rather than thymine to base pair with adenine

Question 51

Which of the following describes the lipid molecule that contains double bonds in its carbon skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids

Question 52

What is a polymer called that is made of two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Disaccharide

Question 53

Emerging infectious diseases are diseases that have become more common in the last several decades.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 54

When a solution goes from having a pH of 9 to a pH of 7, the concentration of H+ ...

Accepted Answer

Increases, making it more acidic

Question 55

Which of the following options are the three domains that all organisms are categorized under?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea

Question 56

Which of the following is the chemical reaction where a water molecule is removed to combine two or monomers.

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 57

What are the Svedburg values of the two subunits of prokaryotic ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

50S, 30S

Question 58

Light microscopes have a higher resolution power than electron microscopes, therefore providing a better quality picture

Accepted Answer

False

Question 59

Atoms that have high electronegativity will pull electrons stronger than atoms that have low electronegativity

Accepted Answer

True

Question 60

The purpose of the decolorization step in Gram staining is to decolorize the Gram-negative cells.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 61

What is the transfer protein that specifically is used to transfer water molecules across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Aquaporins

Question 62

What is the total magnification of a microscope if the ocular lens is 10X and the objective lens is 40X

Accepted Answer

400X

Question 63

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides

Question 64

Endosymbiotic theory is the theory where mitochondria and chloroplasts have bacterial ancestors.

Accepted Answer

True

Chadwick BIOL 221 Exam 1 Review

Questions 74

Chadwick BIOL 221 Exam 1 Review

Questions 74