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A&P 2- Chapter 18- The Heart Flashcards | StudBud
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A&P 2- Chapter 18- The Heart
A&P 2- Chapter 18- The Heart
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1
Right marginal artery supplies blood to the lateral right side of the myocardium.
True
False
2
Which is the correct sequence of layers in the heart wall, starting with the outer layer?
endocardium, epicardium, myocardium
myocardium, pericardium, endocardium
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
parietal pericardium, myocardium, endocardium
3
The contractile cardiac muscle fibers of the myocardium behave as a single, coordinated unit called a ___.
sarcomere
pacemaker
functional syncytium
contractile unit
4
Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute.
True
False
5
The tricuspid valve is located between the ___.
right & left atria
right atrium & right ventricle
right & left ventricles
left atrium & right ventricle
6
The ___ nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the sinoatrial (SA) node.
facial
accessory
vagus
hypoglossal
7
Choose the correct sequence of electrical current flow through the heart wall.
AVnode,SAnode,subendocardial conducting network, AVbundle,R&L bundle branch
AVnode, subendocardial conducting network,AVnode,AVbundle,R&L bundle branch
SAnode,AVnode,AVbundle,R&L bundle branch, subendocardial conducting network
Subendocardial conducting network, AV node, AV bundle, R&L bundle branches
8
Systole is contraction
False
True
9
The coronary arteries arise from the ___.
inferior vena cava
right atrium
aorta
superior vena cava
10
The normal pacemaker of the heart is the ___.
SA node
bundle branches
AV bundle
AV node
11
During systemic circulation, blood leaves the ____.
lungs and flows directly to the left atrium
left ventricle and flows directly to the aorta
right ventricle and flows directly to the aorta
right ventricle and flows directly to the lungs
12
Circumflex artery runs to the apex of the heart.
False
True
13
Which of the following is NOT a role of the fibrous pericardium?
anchors the heart to surrounding structures
prevents the heart from overfilling with blood
protects the heart
facilitates heart contraction
14
The structure just deep to the fibrous pericardium is the ___.
epicardium
parietal layer of the serous pericardium
endocardium
visceral layer of the serous pericardium
15
Bicuspid valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
False
True
16
The role of the atrioventricular node (AV node) is to ___.
initiate a sinus rhythm
conduct impulses to the sinoatrial node (SA node)
initiate ventricular depolarization
slow down impulses so atria can contract&fill nearby ventricles with blood.
17
Which of the following valves is most often faulty in the heart?
tricuspid valve
bicuspid valve
pulmonary semilunar valve
aortic semilunar valve
18
The vessels that carry oxygen to the to the myocardium are called ___.
pulmonary arteries
coronary arteries
coronary veins
pulmonary veins
19
Which of the following factors give the myocardium its high resistance to fatigue?
the coronary circulation
gap junctions
a very large number of mitochondria in the cytoplasm
the presence of intercalated discs
20
Cardiac output is ____.
the amount of blood filling each ventricle per minute
the amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle per minute
the amount of blood pumped from the heart per ventricular contraction
the number of times the heart beats per minute
21
What part of the heart is considered the systemic circuit pump?
right atrium
right ventricle
left ventricle
pericardium
22
Cardiac cycle is the events associated with blood flow through the heart during one complete heartbeat.
False
True
23
Into which chamber of the heart do the pulmonary veins deliver blood?
left atrium
right ventricle
right atrium
left ventricle
24
Aortic semilunar valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
True
False
25
The superior chambers of the heart are called the ___.
coronary chambers
cave
ventricles
atria
26
In the fetus, blood from the left and right sides of the heart normally mix.
False
True
27
The ___ are attached to the AV valve flaps.
pectinate muscles
chordae tendineae
trabeculae carneae
papillary muscles
28
During pulmonary circulation, blood leaves the ____.
left ventricle and flows directly to the lungs
right atrium and flows directly to the lungs
right ventricle and flows directly to the lungs
right ventricle and flows directly to the aorta
29
Diastole is relaxation.
True
False
30
From a perspective of blood returning from systemic circuit, identify the sequence of blood flow through heart chambers
left ventricle, left atrium, lungs, right ventricle, right atrium
right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle
lungs, right ventricle, left ventricle, right atrium, left atrium
right ventricle, left ventricle, left atrium, lungs, right atrium
31
Posterior interventricular artery supplies blood to the left atrium and posterior walls of the left ventricle.
True
False
32
A Dr. hears an abnormal swishing sound of a heart. Which condition is the best diagnosis for the patient?
myocardial infarction
angina pectoris
cardiac tamponade
incompetent cardiac valve
33
Anterior interventricular artery supplies blood to interventricular septum & anterior walls of both ventricles.
True
False
34
The most muscular chamber of the heart is the ___.
right ventricle
left atrium
left ventricle
right atrium
35
The interventricular septum forms a dividing wall between the ___.
left atrium & left ventricle
left & right atria
left & right ventricles
right atrium & right ventricle
36
Which of the following are correctly paired?
ectopic focus: an abnormal pacemaker
heart block: uncoordinated atrial and ventricular contraction
fibrillation: premature contraction
arrhythmia: atrioventricular (AV) node failure
37
Freshly oxygenated blood is delivered to the__, &then passes to the __to be pumped to the body tissue(systemic circuit).
left ventricle; left atrium
left atrium; left ventricle
right ventricle; right atrium
right atrium; right ventricle
38
The P wave of an electrocardiogram represents ___.
atrial depolarization
ventricular depolarization
ventricular repolarization
atrial repolarization
39
Which of the following would lead to a
decrease
in heart rate?
norepinephrine
parasympathetic stimulation
sharply decreased blood volume
exercise
40
Which of the following is a difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?
Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is not striated.
Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle cells can be autorythmic.
Unlike skeletal, cardiac doesnt use sliding filament mechanism to contract.
Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle doesn't rely on Ca ions to contract.
41
An enlarged R wave on an ECG would indicate ___.
an enlarged ventricle
repolarization abnormalities
a myocardial infarction
cardiac ischemia
42
Guided by powerful signaling molecules, the human heart developed from ___.
cardioderm
ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm
43
The lining of the heart chambers is called ___.
epicardium
pericardium
endocardium
myocardium
44
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the shape, position, and location of the heart?
approximately 2/3 of the heart is found to the left of the midline
the heart is enclosed in a double-layered sac called the pleural membrane
the heart is located between the two lungs within the mediastinum
the heart is shaped like a cone with the base facing the right shoulder
45
Noncontractile cardiac muscle cells initiate their own depolarization& cause depolarization of the rest of the heart are
pacemaker cells
gap junctions
desmosomes
intercalated discs
46
Tricuspid valve prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle.
True
False
47
When the bicuspid valve closes, it prevents the back flow of blood from the ___.
right atrium into right ventricle
left ventricle into left atrium
left atrium into left ventricle
right ventricle into right atrium
48
The cardiac cycle includes all of the following events EXCEPT ____.
the number of times the heart beats in one minute
the closing and opening of the heart valves during each heart beat
the changes in blood volume in all chambers of the heart
the movement of impulse from the SA node to all regions of the heart wall
49
The second heart sound (the "dup" of "lub-dup") is caused by the ___.
opening of the semilunar valves
opening of the atrioventricular valves
closure of the semilunar valves
closure of the atrioventricular valves
50
Which of the structures is superficial to the heart wall & serves to protect, anchor,&prevent heart from overfilling?
the fibrous pericardium
the epicardium
the pericardial sac
the parietal layer of serous pericardium
51
The inferior vena cava brings blood from the lower regions of the body and empties into the ___.
right atrium
left atrium
left ventricle
aorta
52
The absolute refractory period refers to the time during which ___.
the muscle cell is ready to respond to a threshold stimulus
the muscle cell will respond only to a sub-threshold stimulus
the muscle cell is ready to respond to any stimulus
the muscle cell will not respond to a stimulus of any strength
53
The trabeculae carneae are located in the ___.
epicardium
atria
endocardium
ventricles
54
Pulmonary semilunar valve prevents back flow of blood into the right ventricle.
False
True
55
The endocardium is composed of ___.
cuboidal epithelium
elastic cartilage
squamous epithelium
cardiac muscle cells
56
Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by one ventricle with each heartbeat.
True
False