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Biology SOL Review
Biology SOL Review
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A review for the Washington state Biology end of course exam.
Flashcards
72 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
What happens during meiosis?
a cell divides twice to produce 4 unique cells
all of these
eggs and sperm are formed
gametes are formed
2
How can you tell if a cell is a prokaryote?
no cell membrane
no DNA
no ribosome
no nucleus
3
What are chromosomes?
pieces of RNA
pieces of DNA
pieces of protein
4
What is the main difference between active and passive transport?
active tranport only happens in plants
passive transport uses energy
passive tranport only happens in plants
active transport uses energy
5
Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration?
chloroplast
nucleus
mitochondria
cell membrane
6
When the results of a process PROMOTE the process this is called
positive feedback
negative feedback
7
This molecule stores and transmits genetic information
proteins
lipids
DNA
amino acids
8
What are the building blocks of DNA?
nucleotides
proteins
fatty acids
amino acids
9
During an experiment what can you do to make it more reliable?
repeat it or have many trials
use better equipment
have one more controlled variable
10
Goldfish body cells have 92 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would a goldfish sperm cell have?
23
184
46
92
11
When the results of a process stop the process this is called
positive feedback
negative feedback
12
Where in the cell does translation take place?
Golgi
ER
nucleus
ribosome
13
What does autotroph mean?
an organism that must eat food
an organism that converts sunlight into sugar
all of these
an organism that converts energy
14
Student doesn't exercise, student gains weight. Student can't exercise because of extra weight
This is an example of positive feedback
This is an example of negative feedback
15
What is bioaccumulation?
both of these
when a poison accumulates in the body of an organism
when a poison accumulates at higher trophic levels
16
What do chloroplasts and mitochondria have IN COMMON?
they are both found in animal cells
they both convert energy
they both do photosynthesis
17
Where are chromosomes located?
in cytoplasm
in ribosome
in nucleus
anywhere
18
If the earth runs out of carbon, what will happen?
any of these
it should never run out since it is recycled
when the sun shines we will get more
we can make more in a laboratory
19
Why do cells need to replicate their DNA before mitosis?
so that each cell will get a complete copy
so that each cell will have 30 chromosomes
so that each cell will have two copies
20
What does diploid (2N) mean?
has 2 copies of each chromosome
only has one copy of each chromosome
21
What are carbohydrates made from?
lipids
amino acids
simple sugars like glucose
polypeptides
22
What type of chemical energy do cells use?
ATP
food
oxygen
glucose
23
In a molecule of DNA, which nucleotide bonds with adenine?
uracil
cytosine
thymine
guanine
24
What are the requirements for photosynthesis?
food, sugar, and light
food, carbon dioxide, and water
light, carbon dioxide, and water
light, oxygen, and water
25
What is the function of the cell wall?
control cell activities
provide structure and support for plants
controls what enters and leaves the cell
make the cell reproduce
26
What are the three types of RNA?
mRNA, uracil, jRNA
mRNA, rRNA, uracil
mRNA, hRNA, tRNA
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
27
Population grows. People start dying of starvation, now there's more food people stop dying.
This is an example of positive feedback.
This is an example of negative feedback.
28
How many copies of each chromosome do human (and other animals) have in body cells?
2
1
4
23
29
What happens during transciption (of protein synthesis)?
tRNA is made by copying the DNA
mRNA leaves the nucleus to make a protein
mRNA is formed by the ribosome
mRNA is formed by copying DNA
30
Why do we need nitrogen?
so that we can have energy
so that we can make hormones
so that we can make proteins
31
What does the word heterotroph mean?
an organism that is haploid
an organism that must eat food
something that must do photosynthesis
an organism that has DNA
32
Why do we need to digest food?
we need to convert the energy in food into ATP
we need raw materials like amino acids
we need to get nutrients like vitamins
all of these
33
The movement of a material from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration is
osmosis
active transport
diffusion
equilibrium
34
How is information stored in a molecule of DNA?
the amino acids
magic!
the order of the sugars and phosphates
the order of the nucleotides
35
What cell part makes proteins?
mitochondria
Lysosome
Ribosome
Cell membrane
36
How/When do sex cells (gametes) become regular cells again?
meiosis
mitosis
fertilization
birth of a baby
37
How do plants get nitrogen?
from air after bacteria have fixed it
from soil after bacteria have fixed it
from photosynthesis
38
What kind of cell is this picture?
eukaryote
prokaryote
39
Why do living things need nitrogen?
to make sugar
to make enzymes
for energy
to make DNA and proteins
40
What is osmosis?
diffusion of sugar
active tranport of water
diffusion of water
41
How are burning a piece of wood and cellular respiration the same?
they both convert energy into other forms including heat
they both need fuel
all of these
they both need oxygen
42
What gas do plants take in from the air so that they can do photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide
glucose
oxygen
water
43
How do you tell a eukaryote from a prokaryote?
prokaryote has a cell membrane
prokaryote has a nucleus
eukaryote has a cell membrane
eukaryote has a nucleus
44
What are the differences between a plant cell and an animal cell?
animal cells have mitochondria and ribosomes
plants have chloroplasts and a cell wall
animal cells are bigger
plant cells are bigger
45
What are proteins made from?
amino acids
nucleotides
fatty acids
glucose
46
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water + light yields oxygen + glucose
carbon dioxide + water+ light yields glucose + water
47
How are chloroplasts and mitochodria different?
chloroplasts are found in plant cells
chloroplasts are found in animal cells
48
What is a difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA has 2 strands, RNA is one strand
RNA can leave the nucleus
all of these
in DNA there is no U
49
What organism is responcible for nitrogen fixation?
bacteria
fungi
viruses
50
What is the central dogma of biology?
all living things are made of cells
all cells contain DNA
our traits are determined by the proteins we make
all traits come from our parents
51
What is ATP?
energy for animals
food
energy for all organisms
energy for plants
52
What is the first step of protein synthesis?
mRNA
transcription
nuclear division
translation
53
Which type of variable is not changed during the experiment?
manipulated
controlled
responding
54
Where in the cell does transcription take place?
cytoplasm
nucleus
ER
ribosome
55
The variable in an experiment that is measured is called the
independant (manipulated) variable
dependent (responding) variable
controlled (kept the same) variable
56
What gas do plants give off as a waste product?
carbon dioxide
oxygen
nitrogen
sugar
57
What does haploid (N) mean?
all of these
a cell with only one half the regular amount of chromsomes
a cell that is half the regular size
a cell with the regular amount of chromosomes
58
The variable in an experiment that is deliberately changed by the scientist is called
dependant (responding) variable
independent (manipulated) variable
Controlled variable(s)
59
How does carbon move through the ecosystem?
photosynthesis
decomposition
cellular respiration
all of these
60
What is the second step of protein synthesis?
translation
nuclear division
ribosome formation
transcription
61
What type of cell is this?
eukaryotic
prokaryotic
bacteria
plant
62
Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis?
chloroplast
mitochondria
cell membrane
cytoplasm
63
What are two factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis?
amount of oxygen in air
amount of sunlight available
temperature and oxygen
sunlight and temperature
64
In a molecule of DNA, what bonds with guanine?
adenine
thymine
cytosine
uracil
65
Diffusion that uses a membrane protein is called
active transport
facilitated diffusion
simple diffusion
66
This cell part has 2 layers of phosholipids with proteins spread throughout- what is it?
cell membrane
mitochondria
Golgi
cell wall
67
What is cellular respiration?
process in which light is converted into sugar
process in which cells convert energy into a usable form
breathing by cells
68
What happens during translation (of protein synthesis)?
mRNA is made from DNA
tRNA is read to make a protein
mRNA goes to the ER
mRNA is read as codons to put amino acids together
69
What is the job of the nucleus?
cellular respiration
transport materials
control cell activities
photosynthesis
70
What is the job of the cell membrane?
cellular respiration
control what materials can enter and leave the cell
photosynthesis
provide structure and support for plants
71
What are the products of photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide and oxygen
light and sugar
oxygen and water
oxygen and glucose
72
What happens during mitosis?
a cell divides and makes 2 cells that are identical
a cell divides to make 2 unique cells
a cell divides twice to make eggs or sperm
