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BIOL 121 Lecture 1 Exam Flashcards | StudBud
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BIOL 121 Lecture 1 Exam
what is the cell theory
what are the two main types of energy
BIOL 121 Lecture 1 Exam
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1
what are the two main types of energy
potential & mechanical
kinetic & potential
electrical & chemical
kinetic & chemical
2
what is the cell theory
cells are detoxifying things that come into the cell
cells just are in are body doing nothing
cells are in the body to create mass
cells are the structural and functional unit of life
3
free radicals are
atoms that breakdown fatty acids
molecules that do not do anything
atoms missing electrons
molecules that detoxify things
4
what is the most important steroid
vitamin D
cholesterol
bile salts
steroid hormones
5
serous membrane is the
double layered membrane that covers things in pelvic cavity
single layered membrane that covers things in ventral body cavity
double layered membrane that covers things in ventral body cavity
thin membrane that covers things in dorsal body cavity
6
organic compounds contain what
sulfur
nitrogen
hydrogen
carbon
7
how many essential amino acids make up proteins
20
1
10
5
8
polar covalent bonds are
equal sharing of electrons
unequal sharing of electrons
stealing of electrons
sharing of electrons
9
what does the effector do in homeostasis
determines appropriate response
monitors environment
receives output from control center & responds to it
determines set point at which variable is maintained
10
pH scale is the
measurement of water
measurement of concentration of OH- ions in a solution
measurement of concentration of H+ & OH- ions in a solution
measurement of concentration of H+ ions in a solution
11
if a cell has higher osmolarity on the outside than inside of the cell, what happens
water flows into the cell & cell lyses
water stays the same & nothing happens to the cell
the cell dies
water flows out of cell & cell crenates
12
Anatomy is the study of
structure of body parts & their relationship to one another
structure of body parts & how they work to carry out life activities
function of body parts & their relationship to one another
function of body parts, work to carry out life-sustaining functions
13
what do enzymes do to activation energy of chemical reactions
raise it
do nothing to it
stop it
lower it
14
what are the type(s) of membrane proteins
integral proteins
integral & peripheral proteins
transport & enzymatic proteins
plasma proteins
15
the outer valence shell is happy with ___ electrons
18
4
26
8
16
what molecule is the carrier of amino acids that transfers information to the ribosome
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
RNA
17
which is NOT a necessary life function
reproduction
maintaining boundaries
excretion
exercise
18
intermediate is
between more medial & more lateral structures
at front of body
away from body surface
toward head end
19
inclusions are
metabolic machinery structures of cells
insoluble molecules that are only in specific cells
makes ATP
synthesizes proteins
20
Physiology is the study of
none of the options
structure of body parts & how they carry out life activities
structure of body parts & relationship to one another
function of body parts, work to carry out life-sustaining activities
21
what is the anatomical position
normal body position
shoulders shrugged, feet together, palms on sides
body erect, feet together, palms facing back, thumbs pointing in
body erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward, thumbs pointing out
22
matter is
anything that has mass & takes up space
anything that takes up space & does not have mass
capacity to do work
anything that has mass & does not take up space
23
what is cytokinesis
cell dividing
cytoplasm dividing
nucleus dividing
chromosomes dividing
24
what are the 4 elements that make up 96% of the body
C, O, H, N
C, O, H, S
S, C, O, P
O, C, H, P
25
which process requires cell energy
active processes
both active and passive processes
passive processes
none of the answer choices
26
what are the levels of protein structures
primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
3 fatty acids bonded to glycerol backbone
four interlocking ring structures
hydrophilic head region & hydrophobic tail region
27
galactose + glucose makes up
lactose
disaccharides
sucrose
maltose
28
what happens when a phosphate bond is broken off of ATP
nothing happens
gains energy
releases energy
contracts
29
which level of the structural organization is where simple, similar cells come together
tissue level
organ system level
chemical level
cellular level
30
what transport requires energy that comes directly from ATP hydrolysis
primary active transport
vesicular transport
secondary active transport
receptor-mediated endocytosis
31
transverse plane is
divides body horizontally into superior & inferior parts
divides Boyd into right & left parts perfectly on midline
divides body into right & left parts
divides body into anterior & posterior parts
32
what are the main phases of the cell cycle
interphase & mitosis
mitosis & cytokinesis
mitosis & mitotic phase
interphase & mitotic phase
33
mass number is the
number of protons & electrons
number of electrons & neutrons
number of protons in nucleus
total mass of the atom
34
where does transcription happen
nucleus
ribosomes
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
35
acids ___ hydrogen ions
release
steal
deny
accept
36
which is an example of negative feedback mechanism
blood clotting, labor contractions, & stomach acid
regulation of body temperature & blood clotting
labor contractions & blood glucose levels
regulation of body temperature & blood glucose levels
37
what happens in channel-mediated facilitated diffusion
substances bind to protein carriers and move through water filled channels
substances move through water-filled channels
normal diffusion of high to low flow
low to high concentration
38
what are the two steps of protein synthesis
absorption & secretion
mitosis & cytokinesis
transcription & translation
glycolysis & citric acid cycle
39
amino acids form what type of bond
ionic bonds
hydrogen bonds
covalent bonds
peptide bonds
40
which cell junctions are formed by neighboring proteins interlocking
cell junctions
gap junctions
tight junctions
desmosomes
41
what are the charges of protons, neutrons, electrons
negative, none, positive
none, positive, negative
positive, none, negative
positive, negative, none
42
how many organ systems are there
11
3
4
24
43
if pH falls, we will ____ H+ ions
steal
deny
bind
release
44
when does DNA replication occur
S phase
Prophase
Interphase
G1 phase
45
diaphragm separates what cavities
dorsal & ventral body cavities
vertebral & thoracic cavities
abdominal & pelvic cavities
thoracic & abdominal cavities
46
the maintenance of stable internal conditions despite changes in environment is
homeostasis
positive feedback mechanism
negative feedback mechanism
controls
47
how many regions are in the abdominopelvic cavity
9
17
4
2
48
most ionic compounds are what
water
salt & water
proteins
salts
49
what are the two different body cavities
cranial & vertebral cavities
dorsal & pelvic cavities
thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities
dorsal & ventral cavities
50
the speed of chemical reactions can be affected by
particle size only
temperature & particle size
temperature, concentration of reactants, & particle size
concentration of reactants & particle size
