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Esthetics 102-Science
Esthetics 102-Science
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1
An approved EPA-registered disinfectant is effective on what type of surface?
Nonporous
Porous
Spongy
Absorbent
2
Common means of spreading infection in the workplace include all of the following actions EXCEPT:
clean hands and implements
coughing or sneezing
Unclean hands and implements
shared use of drinking cups
3
Where would one locate specific product information to guide them in removing the disinfectant when exposed?
DSS
EPA
PAE
SDS
4
Atoms not missing any electrons in their outer shell and are considered electrically neutral are called:
A molecule
A neutron
Unstable
Stable
5
Organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism called a host are known as:
Viruses
Internal Parasites
External parasites
Bacteria
6
All of the following actions can help prevent a heat burn EXCEPT:
cool towels before applying
test temperature on the side of towel that will not be placed on client
test temperature on the side of towel that will be placed on client
test wax on the inside of wrist prior to applying
7
What happens when an alkali is placed in water?
they neutralize each other
alkali decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions
there are fewer "loose" OH- ions
alkali increases the concentration of hydrogen ions
8
Depending on its design, which type of light can create blue or cool tones?
Incandescent
Sunlight
Invisible
Fluorescent
9
Which cosmetic ingredient helps to prevent moisture loss?
Surfactant
Emollient
Preservative
Enzyme
10
When you believe a person may be choking, what step should be taken first?
determine if the victim can speak or cough
Make a fist
apply a cold compress to face
Perform abdominal thrusts
11
What type of burn extends beneath the epidermis into the dermis causing a blister to form?
First Degree
Superficial
Second degree
Third degree
12
A watt is a unit of electric:
Electricity used
Pressure
Strength
Resistance
13
Which of the following biochemical compounds form components that fill the intercellular spaces in the skin?
Carbohydrates
Amino acids
Lipids
Peptide bonds
14
When performing first aid for bleeding wounds, what is the next step after bleeding stops?
Apply tourniquet
Apply pressure
Elevate injured limb
Secure cloth with bandage
15
Which of the following terms means the product is less likely to provoke an allergic reaction?
Fragrance
Hypoallergenic
Allergenic
Antibacterial
16
The eradication of all microbial life, including bacterial spores is:
Disinfection
Cleaning
Washing
Sterilization
17
What type of immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease?
Standard immunity
Active immunity
Passive immunity
Natural immunity
18
Certain viruses can be prevented by:
Antibiotic
Penicillin
Bacteria
Vaccination
19
Why is pure water considered a neutral substance?
ions are all positively charged
positive and negative alkali cancel each other out
anions and cations are present
positive and negative ions balance each other out
20
When a substance gains an electron and oxygen is released, the process is called:
Reduction
Addition
Resuscitation
Oxidation
21
When more current flows than the line is designed to carry, it causes a:
Overload
Waveform
Direct current
Open circuit
22
The length of time that current is flowing is known as:
Waveform
Pulse
Timing
Frequency
23
The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum humans see is known as:
White light
Combination light
Visible light
Invisible light
24
In addition to the efficacy claims on the label what information is assigned to a product to show its approval?
EPA Registration Number
Safety Data
Toll-free number
Barcode
25
On the pH scale, numbers less than 7 indicate a(n):
Neutral solution
Acidic solution
Chemical solution
Alkaline solution
26
Which delivery system requires friction to release the performance ingredients?
Micro capsules
Hydrogels
Liposomes
Microsponges
27
Voltage is a unit of electric:
Resistance
Pressure
Frequency
Strength
28
Which of the following actions should be taken if a person has fainted?
Lay them face down
Stand person up
Apply cold compress to face
Apply warm compress to face
29
Which of the following is the first ingredient found in the majority of cosmetic skin care products?
Water
Dimethicone
Methylparaben
cyclomethicone
30
Ingredients that help hold the product together, provide a base and contain a preservative system are called:
Preservative
Hypoallergenic
Functional
Performance
31
The negative poles and positive poles at the end of a circuit are known as:
Polarity
Waveform
Pulse
Inverter
32
Dropping an electrical appliance into water, making it a foreign conductor, causes a(n):
Overload
Closed circuit
Short circuit
Open circuit
33
All of the following descriptions are true about pathogenic bacteria EXCEPT:
Cause the decay of refuse
Produce toxins
Spread via contaminated implements
Can cause disease
34
Galvanic, faradic and pulsed DC fall under what type of current?
Direct
Sinusoidal
Alternating
High frequency
35
On the pH scale, numbers greater than 7 indicate a(n):
Neutral solution
Chemical solution
Acidic solution
Alkaline solution
36
The wavelengths that produce the longest waves of the visible spectrum are:
Red
Blue
Green
Yellow
37
Which ingredient would be beneficial for the client to improve tone & texture & reduce bacteria & cellular renewal?
Essential oil
Acid/enzyme
Botanical
Humectant
38
When a facial steamer is turned on and steam begins to flow, you have an example of a(n):
Closed circuit
Open circuit
Parallel writing
Series wiring
39
All of the following statements are precautions regarding disinfectants, EXCEPT:
store in a cool, dry area
tightly cover and label all containers
purchase chemicals in small quantities
use hands to remove objects from disinfectant
40
Functional ingredients used to remove oil and/or dirt and are also known as a cleansing agent are called:
Emollients
Preservative
Surfactants
Humectants
41
Materials that best transport electricity are called:
Watts
Amps
Insulators
Conductors
42
Which of the following actions would be considered a standard precaution?
unsanitary workplace conditions
Arriving on time
Shared use of towels
disinfecting tools, implements and equipment
43
Matter with definite weight and volume but no definite shape is called:
Liquid
Gas
Solid
Organic
44
Direct transmission occurs in which of the following ways?
contaminated obiect
Airborne
food and drinking water
Respiratory Droplets
45
All of the following factors contribute to UV exposure EXCEPT:
Time of day
Altitude
Body mass
Latitude
46
If the skin is not broken following a burn, which of the following actions is recommended to treat burn area:
Immerse in warm water
Immerse in cool water
apply warm compress
apply ointment
47
Light, heat, chemical and magnetic changes are all produced by:
Force
Conductors
Electricity
Short circuit
48
Which type of light can be broken into its individual wavelengths by a prism?
Infrared
White
Ultraviolet
Intense-pulsed light
49
A pH of 5 is how many times more acidic than a pH of 6?
10
1000
100
1.5
50
When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, the result is a water molecule, which is a(n):
Mixture
Element
Compound
Atom
51
An ohm is a unit of electric:
Strength
Frequency
Resistance
Pressure
52
The thermal breakdown of the skin caused by intense heat is called:
Melting
Pyrolysis
Vaporizing
Psoriasis
53
Chemical burns should be treated by:
Scrubbing with soap and hot water
Applying pressure
Apply lotion or cream
removing or neutralizing as much chemical as possible
54
Chris was looking for a pH-balanced product to use. pH-balanced refers to a product that ranges from a pH of:
1.5-4.5
11.5-12.0
6.5-7.0
4.5 to 5.5
55
What is created when amino acids join together in chains?
Elements
Compounds
Chemicals
Proteins
56
Which of the following conditions is an example of chemical change?
Substance turning from red to brown
oxygen and hydrogen combining to form water
Water to ice
Lava cooling into rock
57
Bacteria that are harmless and can be beneficial are called:
Nonpathogenic
Toxins
Pathogenic
Viruses
58
A current in which electrons move at an even rate and flow in only one direction is called:
Short circuit
Overload
Direct current
Alternating current
59
A communicable disease refers to a disease that is:
Passive
Spread from one person to another
Not spread from one person to another
Nonpathogenic
60
Acids tend to taste:
Yummy
Bitter
Sweet
Sour
61
The infection control procedure that kills certain pathogens with the exception of spores is:
Disinfection
Cleaning
Sterilization
Transmitting
62
All of the following statements about lighteners are true EXCEPT:
they are used to lighten areas of hyperpigmentation
they work slowly and require consistent sun protection
they increase inflammation
they slowly block the production of melanin in the skin
63
Which of the following items is a reusable safety device that breaks the flow of current when an overload occurs?
Insulator
Circuit breaker
Fuse
Grounding wire
64
What is the first step the esthetician should take if chemical solution gets into a client’s eyes?
flush eyeball with hot water for 45 minutes
flush eyeball with lukewarm water for 15 to 30 minutes
flush eyeball with hot water for 3 to 5 minutes
flush eyeball with cold water for 45 minutes
65
Avoid burning a client with a patch test can be performed on the inside of the client's arm or:
Behind the ear
Outside of arm
Back of hand
In front of ear
66
Pure substances are made of only one type of:
Atom or Molecule
Compound
Mixture
Oxygen and hydrogen
67
Protons have which type of electrical charge?
Negative
None
Positive
Neutral
68
What color does blue litmus paper turn when placed in an acid?
Yellow
Green
Orange
Red
69
An amp is a unit of electric:
Pressure
Resistance
Frequency
Strength
70
Which of the following statements is true of visible light?
waves hit an object and are either absorbed or reflected
Also called x-ray
is the largest portion of the electromagnetic spectrum
waves are used for radio broadcasts
71
pH stands for:
Potential hydrogen
Perfect hair
Product hydration
Potential hydroxide
72
The regulating agency under the Department of Labor that enforces safety and health standards in the workplace is:
SDS
EPA
OSHA
PBS
73
All matter that is now living or was alive at one time, with carbon present, falls within the scientific division of:
Physics
Inorganic chemistry
Anatomy
Organic chemistry
74
How are ingredients listed on a product label?
ascending order by weight concentration
descending order by weight concentration
highest weight concentration listed last
lowest weight concentration listed first
75
A salon/spa owner wants to balance the tones of light indoors. Which type of light would likely be incorporated?
Incandescent
Ultraviolet
Infrared
Fluorescent
76
All tools or supplies that come in contact with the client during a service must be discarded or:
Cleaned
Ventilated
Sterilized
Disinfected
77
All of the following statements regarding the pH scale are true EXCEPT:
values below 7 indicate more acidity
values below 7 indicate more alkalinity
7 indicates a neutral substance
logarithmic scale that identifies degree of acidity or alkalinity
78
Preclean tools before:
Disposing
Lending
Tightening
Immersing
79
Liposomes, microsponges and hydrogels all fall under what delivery system?
Nanotechnology
Patch delivery
Microencapsulation
Organic
80
Removing dirt, debris and potential pathogens to aid in slowing the growth of pathogens is:
Calibration
Sterilization
Disinfection
Cleaning
81
All of the following terms are types of waveforms EXCEPT:
Rectangular
Triangular
Round
Saw-toothed
82
What occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body?
Passive immunity
Local infection
Active immunity
General infection