Chemistry Vocabulary

equal to the number of protons in the element's nucleus

Negatively charged ion

A substance that cannot be broken down or seperated into any other substance

compounds composed of cations and anions

have properties of both metal and nonmetal

tabular arrangement of elements separated into groups based on their chemical properties

Compounds composed of cations and anions

It is the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus

Ability of an atom to attract electrons

_______ exclusion principle in which each orbital has at most two electrons

particle with no charge

Substances that donate free H⁺

Two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond

Solid that forms and settles out of a liquid solution

Region of high probability of finding an electron

diagrams that show valence electrons as dots

_______ gases elements in Group 18 of the periodic table

positively charged particle

The experiment that lead to the discovery of the nucleus, atoms were mostly empty space

Group 1 name

Elements in which electrons in the d orbitals are filled

Group with six valence electrons

Explanation of natural phenomenon based on many observations and investigations

Compounds consisting of two nonmetals

Substance in which material composition is fixed; elements and compounds are examples

It is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Conductor of heat and electricity

Substance formed from two or more chemically bonded elements in a fixed ratio

Columns in the periodic table

tendency of electrons to enter orbitals of lowest energy first

It has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

It is the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element.

Mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout; also known as a solution

Rows in the periodic table

electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an element's atom

Intelligent guess

Electrons fill empty orbitals before pairing up

the core of an atom composed of protons and neutrons

molecule consisting of two atoms

Group 17's name in the periodic table

positively charged ion

energy required to remove an electron from an atom

Ions composed of more than one atom

negatively charged particle

Mixture in which the composition may vary; not uniform

Which element has two valence electrons?