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NCIDQ Topic 1 Design Concepts and Programming (Chapters 1-6) Definitions Flashcards | StudBud
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NCIDQ Topic 1 Design Concepts and Programming (Chapters 1-6) Definitions
NCIDQ Topic 1 Design Concepts and Programming (Chapters 1-6) Definitions
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1
The circulation layout oriented on one major space with paths extending from the central area.
The doughnut configuration
The linear dumbbell layout
The radial layout
The ellipse layout
2
What is a tint?
When two complimentary colors are combined, its value is muddied
When gray is added to a hue, its value is muted
When black is added to a hue, its value is lowered
When white is added to a hue, its value is raised
3
What is a Triad color scheme?
Hues that are evenly spaced with three colors around the color wheel
Hues that are opposite each other on the color wheel
Hues that are close to each other on the color wheel
Hues that are evenly spaced with four colors around the color wheel
4
The transfer of heat energy through direct contact between two objects of different temperatures.
Radiation
Conduction
Convection
Evaporation
5
Structural columns located away from the core of the building next to water supply pipes and drains
Wet Column
Plumbing Stack
Wet Wall
Plumbing Chase
6
Involves gathering info about client need & identifying issues of human factors environment & social cultural influences
Hierarchical analysis
Theory of Perception
Programming
Design Theory
7
What are the three ways that space for a particular use is determined?
# of people to be accommodated, size of object, or specific activity needs
Needs defined by codes, task and activity use, accessibility
Flow of traffic, Energy Conservation, Orientation/Grouping
Building system organization, layout of adjacent spaces, access to daylight
8
What is a network workflow?
No strictly organized method of work
The work is controlled from one central position
The work that proceeds from one location to another in a strict sequence
Hierarchical w/ 1 group controlling work divided into separate departments
9
Humans innately perceive by adding structure so individual elements make a whole & become part of a larger environment
Proxemics
Perceptual Constancy
Binocular Disparity
Gestalt Psychology
10
What are the two primary factors that determine size and configuration of the interior space?
Furnishing & equipment and environmental controls
Programming data and required area adjacencies
Circulation systems and shared use of space
Accessibility and Orientation Flow
11
Which color has the longest wave length?
Red
Blue
Yellow
Violet
12
What is a departmental workflow?
The work is controlled from one central position
The work that proceeds from one location to another in a strict sequence
Hierarchical w/ 1 group controlling work divided into separate departments
No strictly organized method of work
13
What is the range of proxemics for Social Distance?
4ft to 12ft
20ft plus
18 inches to 4ft
12ft to 20ft
14
How are case studies and precedent studies different?
PS is used to solve problems CS is for finding inspiration
CS review existing conditions where as PS are only hypothetical
PS has to monitor multiple studies to find solution CS only needs one
CS examines the entire facility and how parts relate PS induvial pieces
15
Process when info about a problem is collected analyzed & stated for basis of design. Defines a problem before solution
Precedent Studies
Design Theory
Elements of Design
Programming
16
What is the range of proxemics for personal distance?
6ft to 8ft
15 plus feet
8ft to 12ft
18 inches to 4 ft
17
Why is it hard to use Environmental Design solely to make design decisions?
The definition of environment on its own is too large
Its based on opinion which is inherently relative.
Environment is a construct that is only experienced once design is complete
For the research to be valid only one variable can be studied at a time
18
Divides the height of a man at the waist, at the top of the head, and to an extended hand over head seen as perfection
The Golden Ratio
Fibonacci series
The Golden Section
Modular System
19
What is observation best used for?
To monitor spatial requirements of an activity
To understand adjacencies in a physical environment
Verify info gathered by interviews/questionnaires or to generate questions
Determine the quality of existing elements in a space & if they can reuse
20
What is the range of proxemics for public distance?
20ft plus
15ft plus
30ft plus
12ft plus
21
People perceive lightness or darkness of an object as the same regardless of the illumination of the space
Lightness Constancy
Color Constancy
Perception
Darkness Constancy
22
The density of texture seems to increase as distance from the viewer increases
Texture Perspective
Convergence
Texture Repetition
Appearance
23
The system of the familiar color wheel that organizes colors by pigments into three primary colors of red, blue, yellow
The Munsell Color System
The Grimendo Color System
The Palmeiro Color System
The Brewster Color System
24
What is sequential flow?
Response to a specific series of events or process
Segregating flow of people
Response to the goal of promoting interaction among people
Creating extra space for dynamic activity
25
Basing design decisions on credible research that links one or more environmental elements with a desired outcome
Perceptual Constancy
Theories of Perception
Gestalt Theory
Evidence Based Design
26
The transfer of heat through the movement of fluid, either gas or liquid
Evaporation
Radiation
Convection
Conduction
27
Particular place with definable boundaries and objects when a standing pattern of behavior occurs at a particular time
Territoriality
Proxemics
Self Actualization
Behavior Setting
28
A distant object may appear to be overlapped and party hidden by closer objects
Interposition
Atmospheric Perspective
Gestalt
Linear Perspective
29
What is an Analogous color scheme?
Hues that are close to each other on the color wheel
Hues that are evenly spaced with three colors around the color wheel
Hues that are opposite each other on the color wheel
Hues that are evenly spaced with four colors around the color wheel
30
An element of Gestalt sometimes called Form Constancy is the tendency to perceive incomplete forms as complete
Continuity
Simplicity
Closure
Grouping
31
The degree of purity of the hue when compared with a neutral gray of the same value
Hue
Value
Intensity
Tint
32
Sequence of numbers beginning with 0 and 1. Each is a successive number in the series is the sum of the previous two.
Modular System
The Golden Ratio
The Golden Section
Fibonacci series
33
Research process that compares project data against sets from other similar projects
Field Survey
Case Study
Precedent Study
Bench Marking
34
What are the four major considerations of any design problem?
Volume, Color, Texture, Light
Form, Function, Economy, and Time
Style, Personalization, Group Interaction, Character
Professionalism, Priority, Relationships, Communications
35
How is proportion different from scale?
It can utilize all different sizes of objects and still maintain harmony
It does not need forms and shapes to be defined
Its not dependent on a relationship of 1 element to another of known size
It only compares two objects at a time in relation to one another
36
Gestalt Theory- The way people distinguish a form from its surroundings
Constancy
Contrast
Depth Perception
Figure-ground
37
In most cases what needs to be done before an interview can begin?
A disclaimer will be given letting people know that they will be observed
Case studies are passed around to learn how relevant spaces function
A communal questionnaire will be given out to define a basis of research
Initial presentation is given that provides everyone w/ the proj background
38
Emphasis on providing simples rational solutions to design problems without extraneous decoration
Functionalism
Simplicity in Gestalt Theory
Interposition
Perceptual Constancy
39
How should a questionnaire be designed?
With multiple questions asking the same thing but in different ways
As short and unamibuous as possible
As long and detailed as possible
With combination of rating scales, true and false, and written response q's
40
A study of the relationship between human psychology and the physical environment
Ergonomics
Anthropometrics
The Golden Ratio
Flexibility
41
Which plan would be best to organize space based on proximity and are usually similar in function size or shape
Open Plan Arrangement
Clustered Arrangement
Axial plan arrangement
Centralized Plan Arrangement
42
What should the programming process format include?
Codes and Regulations that are a requirement in the local county
Written document that records the information gathered from an analysis
A discussion on anthropometrics and how they relate to the client
Bubble diagram documenting hierarchical adjacencies
43
Humans perceive separate units in the visual field as a group, based on proximity, similarity, direction, and context
Principles of Design
Grouping
Elements of Design
Design Theory
44
Repetition of elements in a single pattern.
Rhythm
Texture
Unity
Harmony
45
In an interior space, how can an object be perceived as a point?
By creating a central point which can be used to create balance from
By having a dark tone that contrasts with the background it is located on
By being located on a plane that can only be viewed from one perspective
By being fairly small as a figure in relation to the ground it is placed
46
Design that reflects the local geographic area
Environmental Design
Historical Perception
Cultural Diversity
Regionalism
47
Which plan would be an efficient way to connect many groups of closed spaces w/ circulation corridor for exit access?
Centralized plan arrangement
Axial Plan Arrangement
Clustered Arrangement
Linear Plan Arrangement
48
When more than one linear organization extends from a central point it becomes a...
Centralized Circulation Pattern
Rounded Circulation Pattern
Radial Organization
Axial Organization
49
What is the range of proxemics for intimate distance
No distance/Touching
6 inches to 18 inches
2 ft to 4ft
6ft to 8ft
50
What should a questionnaire be accompanied with?
A cover letter from management explaining why the form is being distributed
An observation period and field survey headed by the client
A means of contacting the distributer
A small group interview to understand physical implications of responses
51
Commercial property where the development, expansions, or reuse may be complicated by presence of hazardous substances
Albedo Land
Gray Water Pools
Brownfield Site
ID+C Property
52
What is a design concept?
A response to the desired image the client was to project
Specific physical response that attempts to achieve a programmatic concept
Balancing the desires of the client against the available budget
Performance requirement related to methods of solving a problem
53
When hierarchy through spaces is not wanted and function requires a free flow of people which plan would be best?
Centralized plan arrangement
Axial Plan Arrangement
Linear Plan Arrangement
Open Plan Arrangement
54
Which plan would be best to organize many different types of spaces while maintaining an overall regularity and pattern?
Open Plan Arrangement
Axial plan arrangement
Clustered Arrangement
Grid Plan Arrangement
55
A way to direct design based on a system of beliefs
Design Theory
Programming
Principles of Design
Elements of Design
56
What is a tone?
When black is added to a hue
When gray is added to a hue
When white is added to a hue
When all the colors are mixed together
57
What is the comfortable relative humidity range
15%-45%
30%-65%
20%-70%
40%-60%
58
How can Historical Precedent be most valuable to design theory?
By suggesting how past designs solved problems.
By inspiring design from previous time periods and styles
By basing design decisions off of credible research
By reminding us of previous cultures and regions to base designs on.
59
The transfer of heat energy through electromagnetic waves from one surface to a colder surface
Conduction
Convection
Evaporation
Radiation
60
What is the first way to determine space?
Multiply the area one person needs by the number of people in the area
By occupancy codes determined by the fire marshall
By reviewing case studies and observing similar spaces and their needs
Divide the longest length between two exits in a building by half
61
What is a Tetrad color scheme?
Hues that are evenly spaced with four colors around the color wheel
Hues that are evenly spaced with three colors around the color wheel
Hues that are close to each other on the color wheel
Hues that are opposite each other on the color wheel
62
The system that uses three scales and three dimensions to specify the values of a hue, value, and chroma using a code
The Munsell Color System
The Brewster Color System
The Grimendo Color System
The Palmeiro Color System
63
A circulation pattern that makes a continuous loop
The radial layout
The linear dumbbell layout
The doughnut configuration
The ellipse layout
64
The measurement of the size, proportions, and range of motion of the human body.
The Golden Ratio
Flexibility
Anthropometrics
Ergonomics
65
What is used to record adjacencies indicating varying levels of connections such as mandatory desired or not important.
Block Diagram
Concept Diagram
Bubble Diagram
Spatial Diagram
66
Value to determine radiation from avg. surface temps in room, angle of exposure to occupant to the surfaces & sunlight
Absolute Temperature
Effective Temperature
Relative Temperature
Mean Radiant Temperature
67
The degree of lightness or darkness of color in relation to white and black
Hue
Value
Tone
Contrast
68
The same color appears to change depending on the background color it is seen against.
Simultaneous Contrast
Closure
Lightness Constancy
Color Constancy
69
Analysis of an existing space, similar to a proposed project to learn how it functions and meets the needs of its users
Field Survey
Precedent Study
Case Study
Bench Marking
70
A line divided into 2 unequal parts the ratio of the smaller part is 2 the larger part as the larger part is 2 the whole
Fibonacci series
Golden Body
The Golden Section
The Golden Ratio
71
What is the danger of observation?
People can become offended or angered by being observed
It only takes into account how people act on a certain period
People can act a certain way being observed that isn't true how them normal
Jumping to conclusions w/out understandig why things are done a certain way
72
What are subtractive colors?
Colors that are created with light
Colors that are created with pigment
Colors that are perceived in the natural world
Colors that are created on a printer
73
Gestalt Theory: People prefer the simplest, organization of forms in the visual field rather than individual parts
EBD
Functionalism
Clarity
Simplicity
74
Which plan would be best for dominate space with symbolic/functional importance with secondary spaces grouped around it
Open Plan Arrangement
Grid Plan Arrangement
Centralized plan arrangement
Clustered Arrangement
75
What are the three basic types of adjacency needs?
Orientation, size, accessibility
People, products, information
Public, semi-private, and private spaces
Function, proximity, end-user
76
A performance requirement related to methods of solving a problem or satisfying a need.
Service Grouping
Activity Grouping
Design Concept
Programmatic Concept
77
What is a linear workflow?
The work is controlled from one central position
Hierarchical w/ 1 group controlling work divided into separate departments
No strictly organized method of work
The work that proceeds from one location to another in a strict sequence
78
General comfortable temperature range
69-80 degrees
73-90 degrees
60-85 degrees
80-98.7 degrees
79
Involves the correctness of fit between object and spaces and the needs of people using those objects and spaces
Spatial Orientation
Programming
Human Factors
Environmental Controls
80
What is a centralized workflow?
The work is controlled from one central position
Hierarchical w/ 1 group controlling work divided into separate departments
No strictly organized method of work
The work that proceeds from one location to another in a strict sequence
81
Process of looking at previously completed designs construction methods material choices to find a solution to a problem
Bench Marking
Precedent Study
Case Study
Field Survey
82
People perceive objects as having their original shape regardless of change in orientation or point of view.
Proportion
Scale
Size Constancy
Shape Constancy
83
Tolerable temperature range
80-98.7 degrees
69-80 degrees
73-90 degrees
60-85 degrees
84
A person perceives an object or space essentially the same regardless of the exact image on the retina of the eye
Gestalt Theory
Color Relativity
Perceptual Constancy
Behavioral Settings
85
Every program should include at minimum:
A site survey, budget requirements, expansion requirements
Scheduling constraints, client contact info, contract
Statement of objectives, list of client requirements, spatial requirements
List of relevant codes, energy requirements, accessibility needs
86
What are additive colors?
Colors that are created with light
Colors that are perceived in the natural world
Colors that are created on a printer
Colors that are created with pigment
87
What are the three primary colors of light?
Magenta, Cyan, Yellow
Red, Blue, Green
Orange, Green, Purple
Red, Yellow, Blue
88
The difference in what each eye sees
Binocular Disparity
Retinophathy
Iris Position
Color Constancy
89
Which plan would best align spaces on a significant feature with there usually being something important on each end
Axial Plan Arrangement
Centralized plan arrangement
Clustered Arrangement
Grid Plan Arrangement
90
What is a shade?
When black is added to a hue, its value is lowered
When two complimentary colors are combined, its value is muddied
When white is added to a hue, its value is raised
When gray is added to a hue, its value is muted
91
The term for the golden ratio translated into a rectangle
Golden Body
Fundamentality
Fibonacci series
The Golden Section
92
A value that describes the combination of air temperature, humidity, and air movement
Effective Temperature
Absolute Temperature
Mean Radiant Temperature
Relative Temperature
93
People perceive the color of an object as the same regardless of the lighting conditions in which the object is viewed
Contrast
Darkness Constancy
Lightness Constancy
Color Constancy
94
The interaction between humans and their environment to approach rational design based on scientific research
Environmental Theory
Evidence Based Design
Functional Needs
Historic Precedent
95
How are design concepts different from programmatic concepts?
No attempt at physical solutions are made during design concepts
No attempt at physical solutions are made during programmatic concepts
Programmatic concepts are only hypothetical and describe how to design
Design concepts are only hypothetical and describe how to design
96
Which is NOT a form of Evidence Based Design Research
Client Preference
Questionnaires with Users and Facility Managers
Literature Searches
Observations of Existing Facilities
97
What is the simplest circulation pattern where spaces are on a straight path that connects two major elements at the end
The doughnut configuration
The ellipse layout
The radial layout
The linear dumbbell layout
98
What is mixed flow?
Response to the goal of promoting interaction among people
Creating extra space for dynamic activity
Response to a specific series of events or process
Segregating flow of people
99
A gestalt theory tendency to see a line or shape as continuing in a particular direction rather than making a sharp turn
Linear Cognitivity
Interposition
Completion
Continuity
100
People tend to perceive an object as having the same size regardless of the changes in viewing distance to the object
Shape Constancy
Size Constancy
Scale
Proportion
