According to the Two-Step Flow Model, media messages are primarily filtered through:

Opinion leaders who then influence others

According to the Uses and Gratifications Model, media consumers are considered to be:

Active participants who select media based on their needs

What is a key limitation of the Two-Step Flow Model?

It ignores the direct influence media can still have on individuals

What is the role of the opinion leader in the 2SF?

To pass on and interpret media messages to others

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2 Step Flow and Selective Filter

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Questions 11

Answers

1
According to the Two-Step Flow Model, all media messages have a direct and uniform effect on every audience member.
True
False
2
How many stages does the Selective Filter Model have?
4
8
2
3
3
What kind of audience does the 2SF model assume?
Passive and easily manipulated
Isolated and uninterested in news
Active and socially connected
4
Which concept best describes how individuals ignore media messages that contradict their existing beliefs?
Media saturation
Selective perception
Selective retention
Media agenda
5
According to the Two-Step Flow Model, media messages are primarily filtered through:
Opinion leaders who then influence others
Government regulation of content
Direct emotional responses of individuals
Reinforcement through advertising
6
According to the Uses and Gratifications Model, media consumers are considered to be:
Passive recipients of media messages
Active participants who select media based on their needs
Influenced solely by media producers' intentions
Unaware of the content they consume
7
What is a key limitation of the Two-Step Flow Model?
It ignores the direct influence media can still have on individuals
It claims that media messages are always understood
It underestimates the power of peer-to-peer communication
It assumes all media audiences are opinion leaders
8
Selective exposure refers to audiences being able to choose what media they expose themselves to
False
True
9
Which of the following is NOT one of the main motivations in the Uses and Gratifications Model
Social solidarity
Entertainment
Identity
Social control
10
What is the role of the opinion leader in the 2SF?
To analyse media texts critically for audiences
To pass on and interpret media messages to others
To fund media platforms through advertising
To censor media messages before public release
11
Which of these is not a stage of the selective filter model?
perception
retention
exposure
exception

2 Step Flow and Selective Filter Flashcards | StudBud