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Unit 4 Review - Scientific Revolution (Part 1) Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 4 Review - Scientific Revolution (Part 1)
Unit 4 Review - Scientific Revolution (Part 1)
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1
"On the Fabric of the Human Body"...
was Andreas Vesalius's masterpiece on anatomical structure.
was Cavendish's theory of human dissection.
contained theories on a universe advanced by Paracelsus.
contained William Harvey's theories on blood circulation.
2
Antoine Lavoisier...
reconciled religion and reason in his Pensées.
gave scientific proof to the theories of Newton.
discovered the law of gasses.
is regarded as the founder of modern chemistry.
3
William Harvey's "On the Motion of the Heart and Blood" refuted the ideas of...
the liver as the beginning point of the circulation of blood
the independent functioning of the lymph system.
herbal healing.
the brain stem being disconnected from the brain.
4
Paracelsus revolutionized the world of medicine in the sixteenth century by...
dissecting human rather than animal cadavers.
advocating the chemical philosophy of medicine.
rejecting the medieval medical philosophy of the four humors
discovering the circulation of blood throughout the body.
5
Organized religions in the seventeenth century...
rapidly reoriented their theologies to accept modern science
ignored science as a "toy for the minds of God's children."
contributed to scientific research through work in religion.
rejected discoveries that conflict with Christian worldview.
6
Concerning Galileo and his ideas, the Catholic Church...
reluctantly agreed to his theories.
forced Galileo to recant them in a trial the Inquisition.
turned him over to the Papal Curia to serve as a secretary.
turned him over to the authorities of the HRE to be tortured
7
Among the following, the individual not associated with advances in medicine and chemistry is..
Galen.
Vesalius.
Paracelsus.
Harvey.
8
The Ptolemaic conception of the universe was also known as...
the geocentric model.
the heliocentric model.
the pantheistic theory.
the lunacentric model.
9
In his work "Pensées," Pascal...
showed that science and religion were incompatible.
attempt to convince rationalists that Christianity was valid
offered his thoughts on the heliocentric theory.
popularized the scientific method.
10
Renaissance humanists' mastery of Greek made new works of which of the following available?
Galen.
Archimedes.
Plato.
All of these.
11
The Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century...
was largely due to a monastic revolution in education.
directly resulted from reaction against the Middle Ages.
was based on scientific achievements of previous centuries.
was stimulated by a revived interest in ancient authorities.
12
The philosophy of René Descartes...
stressed a separation of mind and matter.
stressed holistic universe of mind and matter devoid of God.
saw material world as a living thing in the human essence.
was condemned by the government of the Dutch Republic.
13
Newton's major work was...
Utopia.
On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.
Principia.
Rules of Reasoning in Philosophy.
14
The cosmological views of the Later Middle Ages held that what was the center of the universe?
The moon.
The sun.
The epicycles.
The earth.
15
Copernicus supported the heliocentric conception of the universe because...
it earned him entrance into the Royal Academy of Science.
it offers an accurate explanation for heavenly motions.
he argued that the sun is the source of all energy on earth.
as a Protestant, he felt free to interpret Scripture.
16
Newton's contribution to astronomy was to prove that...
the planets obey the same laws as do objects on earth.
the moon orbits the sun.
the earth is at the center of the solar system.
nothing can ever really be proven.
17
The foundation of Francis Bacon's scientific method was built on...
speculative reasoning.
triangulation.
inductive reasoning.
deductive reasoning.
18
During the seventeenth century, royal and princely patronage of science...
was directed only towards pure research.
was common only in Italy.
became an international phenomenon.
replaced funding by the church.
19
Johannes Kepler was the first astronomer to show that...
the stars are immensely far away.
the moon orbits around the earth.
the planets are made of earth-like material.
planetary orbits are elliptical.
20
The first European to make systematic observations of the heavens by telescope was...
Copernicus.
Kepler.
Galileo.
Newton.
21
Isaac Newton's scientific discoveries...
although accepted in his country, were resisted elsewhere.
were modern in their removal of God from universal laws.
were resisted more in his own country, than in the Europe.
were some of the 1st to be printed in a vernacular language.
22
Which one of the following comments best summarizes the impact of the Scientific Revolution?
Created new "heaven" but had little impact on ideas of earth
Created new "earth" but had little impact on universal ideas
Slightly modified medieval, Aristotelian-Ptolemaic view.
Major turning point in pursuit of knowledge.
23
The greatest achievements in science during the 16th & 17th centuries came in what three areas?
engineering, physics, and dentistry
biology, mechanics, and ballistics
surgery, biology, and astronomy
astronomy, medicine, and mechanics.
24
The immediate reaction of the clerics to the theories of Copernicus was...
motivated by their educational and scientific achievements.
support in the form of a papal decree praising his thinking.
condemnation by Protestants; viewed it as against the Bible.
apathy because his calculations contained numerous errors.
25
Science became an integral part of Western culture in the eighteenth century because...
it allowed an alternative religious belief to Christianity.
people perceived it to be superior to other belief systems.
its mechanistic nature was popular with the lower classes.
it offered a new means to make profits and maintain order.
