Module 2&3 ABG test

Hypoxemia is a __ condition.

Most pulmonary perfusion occurs in zone ___.

Which is the greatest gauge of a capillary shunt?

Blood flow with no ventilation is which type of shunt ?

The normal VD/VT in the spontaneously breathing individual is ___.

The progress of neuromuscular function can be monitored at the bedside through serial measurements

what are the normal values of PvO2/PvCO2

Normal SaO2 is approximately ___ %.

Combined oxygen is carried in combination with ___.

In COPD or obese patients, PaO2 is usually highest in the ___ position.

The most common cause of metabolic alkalosis is ___.

The pretense of DPG ___ that affinity of hemoglobin oxygen.

Which of the following is not an indication for long term O2 therapy use?

Physiological dead space is defined as ___.

Acid base for blood gas

The most common cause of chronic respiratory acidosis is ___.

Accumulated pulmonary secretions affect the distribution of ventilation primarily through their effects on pulmonary ___

A shunt defined as ___.

The volume of fresh gas reach the alveoli each minute is called the ___.

Blood gas came back with PaO2 of 45 should O2 be ___

PEEP usually ___ V/Q mismatch

The organs responsible for the regulation of blood bases is the __.

HbCO can be accurately measured with a ___.

The air in the conduction airways that does not participate in gas exchange is known as ___.

Anion gap is used to determine if the __ is caused by either the accumulation of acids or excessive loss of HCO3

For oxygen sensitive patients, a reasonable target PaO2 is __ mmHg

The amount of air moved in and out of the lungs during normal breathing is called the ___.

Normal anatomic dead space ventilation per breath in a 200 lb adult is approximately ___ mL.

Oxygen therapy is most effective when hypoxemia is caused by ___ shunting

Oxygen therapy can be most precisely delivered with ___ administration devices.

Absolute shunting is characterized by a ___ response to oxygen therapy

Hyperoxemia occurs when the PaO2 is over ___

The oxygenation ratio index used in 100% O2 test the ___ with FiO2 of 100%

The volume of any breathing apparatus in which exhaled gas remains and is inspired on the next breath is called ___.

58 yom in ED. Hypoxic barrel chest, adventascious breath sounds, labored breathing and forced expiration. Diagnosis?

CO has ___ times affinity for hemoglobin compare with oxygen.

The average ventilation-perfusion ratio in the lungs is approximately____.

SaO2 refers to ___ oxygen.

Nitric Oxide is used as a selective ___

In an individual with a normal breathing pattern, a nasal cannula set at 3 L/min delivers and FiO2 of approx ___.

The partial pressure of inspired oxygen will ___ as altitude increases.

On the flat upper portion of the curve large changes in the PaO2 values are associated with ___ changes in SaO2

PaO2/FiO2 is called the ___ ratio.

The __ are major organs of acid excretion.

At low PaO2 values small changes in the PaO2 are associated with ___ changes in the SaO2

The relationship between pH and [H+] is __.

What are the normal values of PaO2/PaCO2

Bronchospasm and mucosal edema primarily affect pulmonary ___.

The symbol for the total volume of oxygen present in arterial blood is ___.

Absolute shunting is characterized by a __ of chest radiograph

The standardized index of oxyhemoglobin affinity is ___.

25 yof in ED. Pregnant and vomiting for 1 wk straight. Lethargic and confused. ECG shows arrythmias. What is on the ABG?

When PaO2 falls below ___ mmHg, short term memory is altered and impaired judgment may be observed

Which system is considered the 1st line of defense in maintaining the acid base balance in the body?

State the solubility coefficient for oxygen in the blood at 37 degree C.

ACCP recommendations state that oxygen therapy is indicated when PaO2 is less than

32 yof dyspnea, chest pain, dizziness, RR 23. What is the ABG?

At residual volume, most gas entering the lungs would go to the __.

Each molecule of hemoglobin is capable of combining with ___ molecules of oxygen.

The normal anion gap values are __.

Factors known to alter the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen

Individuals with COPD __ particularly vulnerable to the respiratory effects of sedatives and and carcotics

The volume of blood ejected by the heart each minute is called the ____.

Increased PCO2 and temp shift the oxyhemoglobin curve to the ___ because Hb-O2 affinity is ___.

The percentage of available hemoglobin molecules that are carrying oxygen in arterial blood is symbolized as ___.

The relationship btwn the CO, the O2 consumption and the diff in the arteriovenous oxygen content is expressed in __ eq.

When you have ventilation but blood flow does not reach the alveoli is called what?

__ patients are esp. susceptible to a decrease cardiac output after the initiation of PEEP.

Name two forms of absolute shunting

Respiratory alkalosis disrupts acid base balance by __ blood carbonic acid.

52 yom with severe pneumonia. Pneumonia has consolidation on RLL led to absolute shunt. How can we fix this?

Respiratory Acidosis threatens acid base balance through the __ of carbonic acid

___ therapy is the most effective treatment for absolute shunting

In acute congestive heart failure, cardiac output is likely best in the __ position

___ oxygen administration systems have the most widespread use because of their simplicity and patient comfort.

A patient with COPD in the ED. Blood gas shows PaO2 39 on RA. What should the FiO2 be to achieve a PaO2 of 60?

Calculate the transpulmonary pressure given an intrapulmonary pressure if 2cmH2O and an intrapleural pressure of -8cmH2O

What is the V/Q ration of an ideal AC unit?