Experimental Psych Exam 2 Review (11/20)

Another word for “accuracy.” This determines if a study is accurate, reasonable, and well done.

Which of the following can lower the chance of a Type II error occurring?

A study’s ____ population includes everyone you are interested in studying, which may be billions/millions of people.

A study exploring the association between introversion and burnout has high internal validity.

Internal validity is important for association claims.

The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) has a high & positive correlation with insomnia. The PSS has good ___ ___.

What is one downfall of using a behavioral observation to operationalize one of your variables in a study?

Construct validity can be threatened by observer bias, participant reactivity, and observer effects.

A self-report is the most _ valid way to measure self-esteem because it most accurately assesses one's inner state.

A study has good construct validity if its conceptual and operational definitions match.

Mike says "strongly agree" for 5 items in a row, so he decides to respond this way for all items. This is an example of

Because Henry is accessing participants' birth certificates to measure their ages, he is using life data.

We statistically evaluate test-retest reliability and interrater reliability by looking at correlations.

One uses the _ _ paradigm when they compare anxiety rates of neurotypical participants vs. those diagnosed with anxiety.

If a study has low statistical power, then it is more likely for a Type II error to occur.

Looking at how well a study’s sample matches its target population assesses

The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale shows stress sharing high and positive correlations with depression. It has poor __ __.

A measure has high ___ ___ if it is highly and positively correlated with other measures that look at the same concept.

You test your hypothesis using a study, but your results produce a low effect size of 0.01. The study has low ___ ___.

Probability sampling gives each person an equal chance of being chosen for your sample.

By checking if each item of a scale measures every aspect of conscientiousness, you assess the scale's ___ validity.

__ validity focuses on a measure's modality, while __validity examines if its items capture all parts of a construct.

Every measure should have good/high test-retest reliability.

When measures are given twice, there is high test-retest reliability if the first and second results match.

When researchers use ___ data, they promise participants that their data will be kept secure & private.

Choosing every 10th person to be in my sample is an example of __ sampling.

Emma's research may lack _____ _____ because she conducts an experiment in a controlled laboratory setting.

The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale has high _ _ because each question clearly and consistently asks about self-esteem.

Tom and Alex rate participants' aggression levels in a study. If they find similar results, then high __ __ is present.

When individuals involved in a study act differently than normal because they’re aware that they’re being observed:

A measure can have reliability without having validity.

Confounding variables lower a study’s ____ _____.

My target population is parents of young children. By recruiting parents dropping their kids off at daycare, I am using:

When using ___ sampling methods, you do NOT know everyone in your target population.

Another term for "false positive." A finding is significant in a sample, but nonsignificant in the population.

An experimental design to test the causal relationship between video games and aggression establishes good ____ _____.

Test-retest reliability is relevant for "stable" variables like personality traits.

You have 2 observers rate participants' anxiety, but notice that their results do not match. Here, there is low _ _.

If a self-report measure of anxiety shares low correlations with measures of depression, then the measure has:

Your experiment testing video games' effect on aggression shows no connection between the two. You have no/low __ __.

Quota sampling separates participants into naturally-occurring groups like race, gender, or age.

The "known groups paradigm" shows evidence for _____ validity.

To evaluate a measure's _____ ______, researchers look at statistics such as Mcdonald's Omega and Cronbach's Alpha.

Convergent validity can be thought of as two measures looking at "synonyms" of a construct.

Eric defines stress as “a feeling of worry," but he measures stress with blood pressure levels. He has poor ____ _____.

Verifying the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale's general ability to measure self-esteem assesses its __ __.

Preregistration, open data, and open materials are open science practices that help researchers promote__.

A positive correlation between stress and self-esteem found in a sample, but not in the overall population, represents:

If a study fails to find an effect (which exists in the overall population) in their sample, it has____ ____ error.

Instead of sampling individual people, I randomly select groups for my sample. This is known as ___ sampling.

 The need for a fair balance between those who participate in research & those who will benefit from research.

Researchers adhere to the ethical principle of respect for rights & dignity by using informed consent.