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PHARM PRACTICE FINAL Flashcards | StudBud
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PHARM PRACTICE FINAL
PHARM PRACTICE FINAL
100 terms
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1
How does poor client compliance with dosing intervals affect therapeutic outcomes?
Only affects drug taste
Has no effect
Can lead to treatment failure or toxicity
Only matters for antibiotics
2
A cat is prescribed ketamine. The veterinary team should monitor for which specific side effect commonly seen in felines
Decreased blood pressure
Hypothermia
Hyperthermia
Bradycardia
3
Why should lidocaine typically be avoided in cats?
It causes severe vomiting
It leads to AV block
It creates skin reactions
It causes respiratory depression
4
Which insulin type is specifically used for diebetic ketoacidosis?
Humulin N
Lantus
Vetsulin
Humulin R
5
Why do Kappa receptor agonist tend to cause less respiratory depression than MU agonist?
Kappa receptors affect only spinal reflexes
Kappa receptors have less influence on respiratory drive
Kappa receptors increase respiratory rate
Kappa receptors aren’t present in respiratory centers
6
The trade name Procan is associated with which drug?
Procainamide
Lidocaine
Pimobendan
Propranolol
7
Which trade name insulin requires shaking before administration?
Vetsulin
Humulin N
ProZinc
Lantus
8
Which characteristics is true about Lente?
It is an intermediate-acting porcine-derived U-40 insulin
It is a long-acting insulin
It is U-100 insulin
It should be gently rolled before use
9
A tech is reviewing behavioral cases where Paxil might be indicated. Which conditions represents its most theraputic use
V
Acute pain and inflammation
Seizure control and muscle relaxation
Stereotypic anxiety and aggression in cats
10
What is AMDUCA’s role in veterinary medicine?
Sets drug prices
Manages drug manufacturing
Determines controlled substance schedule
Allows off-label drug use under specific conditions
11
Which is a COX-2 selective NSAID?
DMSO
Phenylbutazone
Firocoxib
Aspirin
12
A client reports their dog on Apoquel has developed a urinary tract infection. Why is this a potential concern?
It’s unrelated to the medication this would be a concern with steroids
The dose needs to be increased so that it can exert its imuno stimulation
The med should be given with food so the pH of the urine is not effected
Can increase susceptibility to infections due to immune modulation
13
Recovery from anesthesia, a cat received hydromorphone becomes extremely dysphoric. Which intervention would be best?
Administer butorphanol
Give additional hydromorphone
Administer acepromazine
Give additional ketamine
14
Which is NOT an acceptable storage container for controlled substances?
Steel toolbox attached to vehicle
Heavy-duty safe
Glass-front cabinet
Substantial locked container
15
What is the trade name for Levetiracetam?
Keppra
Neurontin
Luminal
Zonegran
16
What is the required washout period between NSAIDs and steroids?
2-3 days
3-4 days
10-14 days
5-7 days
17
How does SID dosing typically affect drug concentrations compared to BID?
Produces wider swings between peak and trough levels
Always maintains perfect therapeutic levels
Creates more stable drug levels
Had no effect on drug concentrations
18
Cefovecin belongs to which class?
Fluoroquinolone
Penicillin
Third-generation Cephalosporins
Macrolide
19
Which medication is fatal to humans if injected intravenously?
Penicillin
Tylosin
Micotil
Erythromycin
20
Which storage condition is common to all insulin types mentioned?
Store in direct sunlight
Store away from light and refrigerate
Store at room temperature
Store in freezer
21
Which statement about Levetiracetam is correct?
It can only be given orally
It requires liver monitoring every 6 months
It must be given with food
It is now considered first-choice anticonvulsant
22
Which drug is classified as an inodilator?
Enalapril
Pimobendan
Diltiazem
Atenolol
23
Your patient needs both an NSAID/steroid. The vet asks to explain to the client why these meds can’t be given together.
Together they can not achieve pain control at the upper most CNS level
Increases the risk of gastric ulceration and other severe side effects
They cancel each other out
Increase risk of diabetes occurring
24
What determines ready-state drug concentrations?
Only the drug dose
Balance between drug administration and elimination
Only the administration route
Only the elimination route
25
Which condition is a specific contraindication for Atenolol?
Patients taking calcium channel blockers
Patients with skin conditions
Patients taking Diazepam
Patients with mild hypertension
26
What is the requirement for prescription labels regarding controlled substances?
Only needs the drug name
Must include “Federal Law prohibits transfer”
Can be written in any format
No special labeling is required
27
What is Bioavailability?
The drug’s Half-life
The therapeutic window of a drug
The degree of drug absorption into general circulation
The rate of drug elimination
28
Which trade name is associated with Fluoxetine approved for dogs?
Clomicalm
Reconcile
Prozac
Zoloft
29
What is the key difference between hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs?
Their cost of production
Their molecular weight
Their ability to dissolve in water versus fat
Their color in solution
30
How does age affect drug metabolism in pediatric patients?
Enzyme systems may not be fully developed
Has no effect
Always increases metabolism
Only affects antibiotics
31
Why is Buspirone (Buspar) contraindicated in multi-cat households?
It decreases appetite
It may increase interact aggression
It causes sedation
It causes urinary retention
32
Why are cats prone to drug toxicities?
They have excessive kidney function
They metabolize drugs too quickly
They have too many liver enzymes
They have limited biotransformation enzymes
33
In emergency situations, why might a loading dose be administered?
To achieve therapeutic depression
To reduce drug costs
To save medication
To simplify administration
34
Which benzodiazepine should not be stored in plastic syringes?
Diazepam
Clonazepam
Lorazepam
Alprazolam
35
Which of the following medications requires wearing gloves during administration due to transdermal absorption?
Amlodipine
Diltiazem
Nitroglycerin
Hydralazine
36
What is the required washout period between NSAIDS and steroids?
5-7 days
10-14 days
3-4 days
2-3 days
37
Why should a tech monitor a patients temperature when using Fentanyl patches?
Temperature affects receptor binding
Fever indicates infection
Cold decreases drug effectiveness
Heat increases absorption rate
38
Which COX-2 selective NSAID is unique because it’s labeled for both dogs and horses?
Firocoxib
Carprofen
Deracoxib
Meloxicam
39
Which medication is considered a chondroprotectant and works by trapping water in cartilage?
Adequan
Galliprant
Tylenol
Gabapentin
40
A cat is suspected of having saddle thrombus what non selective NSAID could be used for Tx despite its contraindication?
Acetylsalicylic acid
Meloxicam
Banamine
Carprofen
41
Why is proper drug calculation crucial for LVT’s?
Ensures accurate dosing and patient safety
Just for inventory
No clinical significance
Only for documentation
42
How should controlled substances logs be maintained?
Electronically with full editing capabilities
In pencil with erasable entries
In any notebook available
In ink with sequentially numbered pages
43
Tylosin is an example of which class?
Penicillin
Macrolide
Tetracycline
Aminoglycoside
44
When checking post-pill thyroid levels on a hypothyroid patient, how long after medication admin should blood be drawn?
It does not matter the time as long as it was given consistently 4-6 weeks
2-3 hours
8-10 hours
4-6 hours
45
A vet prescribes a highly protein bound drug to a cat with severe hepatic lipidosis. What problem might arise and why?
Reduced drug effectiveness due to protein binding only
Drug toxicity due to increase free drug concentration, combined w/ hepatic
No complications; protein binding doesn’t affect drug action
Only delayed drug action due to slower absorption
46
What is a unique characteristic of Telazol?
Single-agent sedative
Combination of Tiletamine and Zolazepam
Pure opioid
Short-acting barbiturate
47
A patient receiving tramadol and fluoxetine should be monitored for:
Decreased platelets
Serotonin Syndrome
Increased liver values
Increased blood glucose
48
What process does Glucocorticoid administration inhibit in the arachidonic acid cascade?
Thromboxane production
Leukotriene synthesis
Prostaglandin release
Phospholipase
49
Which of the following is NOT a side effect of glucocorticoid therapy?
Increased platelet aggregation
Polyuria/Polydipsia
Immune suppression
Behavioral changes
50
What is required on medication labels from veterinary hospitals?
Name of prescribing vet, clinic info, patient ID, drug info, date, dose etc
Just the expiration date and clinic address
Only the drug name and dosage
Only the client and patient name
51
Which of the following correctly pairs the drug with its pharmacological classification?
Methimazole- Adrenocortical suppressant
Vetoryl- Adrenocortical suppressant
Levothyroxine- Adrenal steroid inhibitor
Trilostane- Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist
52
Which anatomical feature of the stomach affects drug absorption?
Stomach anatomy has no effect
pH and protective barriers influence drug absorption
Only muscular contractions matter
Only affects food digestion
53
What is the primary use of Clindamycin?
For skin infections only
For respiratory infections
For urinary tract infections
For dental infections and deep pyodermas
54
Which drug would be most appropriate for treating urethral spams in cats secondary to obstruction?
Phenoxybenzamine
Prazosin
Atipamezole
Yohimbine
55
What is the correct sequence of an LDDS test?
Pre-sample, Cosyntropin, post-sample at 2 hours
Pre-sample, dexamethasone
Pre-sample, Cosyntropin, post-samples at 4 and 8 hours
Pre-sample, Dexamethasone, Post-sample at 1 hour
56
Which is NOT a reliable source of drug information?
Package inserts
Veterinary journals
Conference proceedings
Unverified internet sites
57
What phenomenon occurs when pain pathways become sensitized after repeated stimulation?
Wind-up
Peripheral sensitization
Nociception
Central inhibition
58
What is the key characteristic of tincture?
An alcohol solution applied to the skin
An injectable medication
An oral liquid medication
A tablet form medication
59
When giving insulin it is importation to use the syringe that matches, otherwise you can overdoes/ underdose by how much
0.25 times
0.2 times
2.0 times
2.5 times
60
How does concurrent disease affect drug metabolism?
Only affects taste
Can alter drug effectiveness and safety
Has no affect
Only important in research
61
What is a unique side effect of Amlodipine in dogs?
Seizures
Tachycardia
Weight gain
Gingival hyperplasia
62
What is a loading dose?
A large initial dose to quickly reach therapeutic levels
A dose given to maintain drug levels
The final dose in a series
A dose given at regular intervals
63
Which drug is properly classified as a long-acting barbiturate?
Phenobarbital
Thiopental
Methohexital
Pentobarbital
64
In the Renin-Angiotensin System, where is Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) produced?
Kidneys
Lungs
Adrenal glands
Liver
65
A veterinarian is treating a deep wound infection. Which consideration would make aminoglycosides a poor choice?
They aren’t recommended in vet med
Aminoglycosides can only work in anerobic conditions
The wound location is aerobic
The wound location is anerobic
66
A veterinary technician observes that Phenylbutazone has been ordered for IM admin. Why should this route be questioned?
IM admin can cause severe tissue sloughing and necrosis
The drug is only absorbed through IM injection
IM admin increases the drug’s efficacy
It will be more effective IM, overdosing and GI ulcers are more of a chance
67
What is the primary characteristic of a liniment?
A solid tablet form
A liquid for oral consumption
A powder for reconstitution
An oily liquid rubbed into skin for pain relief
68
When should blood levels be checked after starting thyroid medication?
After 1-2 weeks
After 6 months
After 3 months
After 4-6 weeks
69
A veterinarian prescribes Acepromazine to a horse for sedation. Which side effect should the vet team monitor for?
Hyperthermia
Increased heart rate
Increased blood pressure
Penile paralysis
70
What type of access can convicted felons have to controlled substances in a clinic?
Access after probation period
No access if crime was related to controlled substances
Limited access with supervision
Full access if employed
71
Amikacin is classified as a:
Penicillin
Aminoglycoside
Fluoroquinolones
Cephalosporins
72
A tech is preparing to administer glycopyrrolate as a pre-anesthetic. Which advantage does this drug have over atropine?
More potent effect
Faster onset
Longer duration
Shorter duration
73
Cefpodoxime is classified as:
Tetracycline
Penicillin
Cephalosporin
Fluoroquinolone
74
What is the trade name for Metoclopramide?
Robaxin
Cerenia
Reglan
Primor
75
Which drug-class pairings is correct for treating endocrine disorders?
Felimazole- Antithyroid drug
Metyrapone- Thyroid Hormone replacement
Trilostane- Mineralcorticoid replacement
DOCP- Glucocorticoid
76
Which medication is classified as an Osmotic Diuretic
Mannitol
Furosemide
Spirolactone
Lasix
77
Which opioid is 10,000 times more potent than morphine?
Fentanyl
Etorphine
Carfentanil
Hydromorphone
78
A technician is preparing to administer Telazol. This drug is classified as:
Combination of dissociative and benzodiazepine
Alpha-2 agonist
Anticholinergic
Pure opioid
79
A vet tech is monitoring a dog after pure MU agonist administration. Which parameters require closest monitoring?
Heart rate and blood glucose
Urinary output and consciousness
Repository rate and depth
Temperature and blood pressure
80
What is pKa in pharmacology?
The pH at which the ratio of ionized to non-ionized drug molecules is 1:1
The rate of drug absorption
The concentration of drug in plasma
The pH at which all drug molecules are ionized
81
How do beta-lactation antibiotics work?
By inhibiting protein synthesis
By damaging bacterial cell membranes
By attacking bacterial RNA and DNA
By interfering with bacterial cell wall development
82
Which statement about Cefpodoxime administration is correct?
Requires three times daily dosing
Must be given on an empty stomach
Can be given with or without food
Given subcutaneously
83
Why might a clinician choose to suppress inflammation in an autoimmune condition?
To avoid damaging healthy surrounding tissues
To increase blood flow to the area
To enhance the immune response since it is not working properly
To prevent healing
84
Which opioid receptor activity is primarily responsible for the clinical effects of morphine?
Mu receptor activation
Kappa receptor activation
Sigma receptor activation
Delta receptor activation
85
During recovery from propofol induction, a patient shows prolonged recovery time. Which factor most likely contributed?
Wrong dose calculation
Kidney disease
Rapid administration
Liver dysfunction
86
Which of the following drugs belongs to the sodium channel blocker classification?
Diltiazem
Atenolol
Lidocaine
Amlodipine
87
Which medication is classified as a Beta Blocker?
Propranolol
Pimobendan
Procainamide
Amlodipine
88
Which mechanism of action correctly matches the antimicrobial class?
Tetracyclines- DNA replication
Fluoroquinolones- protein synthesis inhibition
Aminoglycosides- cell wall disruption
Beta-Lactams- cell wall synthesis inhibition
89
Which is the trade name for Pilocarpine used in treating Glaucoma?
Isopto Carpine
Travatan
Timoptic
Xalatan
90
What type of monitoring is important for patients on long-term NSAID therapy?
Glucose levels
Kidney and liver values
Electrolyte levels
Blood pressure
91
What is the blood-brain barrier’s main characteristic regarding drug passage?
It only allows hydrophilic drugs to pass
It blocks all drugs molecules
It only allows lipophilic drugs to pass
It allows all drugs to pass freely
92
What is the mechanism of action for adrenergic drugs?
Block acetylcholine receptors
Block pain receptors
Mimic “Fight or Flight” response
Inhibit neurotransmitter reuptake
93
Why might COX-2 selectivity decrease in importance at higher doses?
Drug becomes more effective
Drug loses COX-2 selectivity and begins affecting COX-1
Selectivity is maintained regardless of dose
Kidney function is affected
94
What is Humulin N?
Long-acting porcine insulin
Intermediate-acting human recombinant insulin
Short-acting porcine insulin
Long-acting human recombinant insulin
95
How does pH affect drug absorption in different body compartments?
Only affects antibiotics
Only important in research
Determines ionization and absorption
No effect
96
A vet is reviewing a list of behavioral medications. Which of these represents all tricyclic antidepressants?
Diazepam, alprazolam, lorazepam
Buspirone, trazodone, selegiline
Paroxetine, sertraline, fluoxetine
Amitriptyline, imipramine, clomipramine
97
Which trade name is associated with Pilocarpine?
Timoptic
Isopto Carpine
Xalatan
Travatan
98
What are teratogenic effects in drugs?
Effects that cause bacterial growth
Effects that cause birth defects
Effects that only impact adult animals
Effects that cause immediate allergic reactions
99
What role do cytochrome P450 enzymes play in drug metabolism?
No role
Only affect antibiotics
Only important in research
Primary system for drug biotransformation
100
Why is protein binding important for LVTs to understand when treating hypoproteinemic patients?
It requires dose adjustments due to more unbound drug
It has no clinical significance
It only affects drug taste
It only affects drug storage
