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Review for Final
Review for Final
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1
Which of the following represents a check on the judicial branch by the executive branch?
The Senate approves the appointments of federal judges.
The president appoints federal judges.
Congress can override a court decision.
2
Which of the following most influences the way members of Congress cast their votes?
special interest groups
citizens of other states in their region
citizens of their state or district
3
What is the rule of four?
informal agreement that the Court will hear a case if 4/9 justices agree to
informal rule that the Executive branch picks 4 cases for the Court to hear
Unwritten rule that the court hears 4 cases a week during its 20wk session
4
To hear appeals, courts must have
original jurisdiction.
appellate jurisdiction.
concurrent jurisdiction.
5
How is Congress organized to do most of the legislative activity?
in caucuses
in committees
in lobbies
6
Which power serves as a check by the president on the legislative branch?
power to impeach
power to grant reprieves
power to veto
7
Where does the Constitution state that revenue (tax) bills must originate?
In the Office of the President
in the House of Representatives
in the Senate
8
Who are the most important officers in the Senate?
president pro tempore and minority leader
president pro tempore and minority leader
majority leader and Speaker
9
What is the role of the Supreme Court?
to establish qualifications for practicing law in the United States
to resolve disputes over the meaning of federal laws& the U.S. Constitution
to carry out laws passed by Congress
10
The presumption of innocence means that the burden of proof in a criminal trial lies with the
government.
judge.
defendant.
11
Unlike a concurring opinion, a dissenting opinion expresses
agreement with the reasons behind the majority opinion.
agreement with the court's decision.
disagreement with the court's decision.
12
How many votes in the Electoral College are required for a presidential candidate to secure victory?
301
270
51
13
The exercise of congressional oversight is a good example of what principle of U.S. government?
Checks and Balances
separation of powers
Federalism
14
Which of the following is a safeguard of the rights of the accused?
Police need a warrant to arrest suspects.
Police can invade the privacy of people accused of a crime to find evidence
Police may not use physical force or threats to obtain a confession.
15
How many people are up for election/reelection the Senate every two years?
all of the members
1/2 of the members
1/3 of the members
16
What is the role of the jury in a trial?
to sentence individuals convicted of a crime
to accept or reject plea bargains
to give a verdict based on the evidence presented
17
What power gives the president a major role in legislation?
The power to appoint.
The power to administer laws.
The power to veto.
18
How does the Fourth Amendment protect Americans from unreasonable searches and seizures?
by requiring that a lawyer be present during a search
allowing a search only after suspects have been formally charged w/ a crime
by requiring police to get a search warrant before making a search
19
When a law passed by Congress is unclear, who interprets the law?
the president and executive agencies
the legislative branch and the appropriate committees
the judicial branch and the courts
20
State courts are courts of general jurisdiction, which means that
they can hear a wide variety of cases.
they have no clearly defined jurisdiction.
they can hear the same cases that federal courts can hear.
21
Which appeals court opinion states the decision of the court?
concurring opinion
dissenting opinion
majority opinion
22
What is one reason why juries are important in the American legal system?
A jury is made up of diverse citizens from across the nation.
The Constitution guarantees trial by jury.
23
Which power enable the president to withhold information about communications between the president and his advisors?
power of reprieve
executive privilege
veto power
24
Why do members of Congress make frequent trips to their home state or district?
to make sure their laws are being carried out
to keep in touch with their constituents' opinions
to take breaks from their exhausting job in Washington
25
If a vote in the Senate results in a tie, who can vote to break the tie?
vice president (the president of the Senate)
president
president pro tempore
26
Which of the following shows the general sequence of a case traveling through the court system?
trial court > appeals court > state or federal supreme court
federal district court > state supreme court > U.S. Supreme Court
state trial court > fed district court > fed appeals court > U.S. Supreme C
27
Who is our current representative to the House of Representatives?
Dianne Feinstein
Kamala Harris
Josh Harder
28
How often are the seats of the House of Representatives reapportioned?
They are never reapportioned
Every 10 years
As often as needed
29
Which is included in the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction?
cases involving representativesof foreign governments
cases appealed from a lower federal court
cases appealed from a state's supreme court
30
Which best describes why the Court changed its ruling on segregation in the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision?
Amendments to the Constitution were added in the early 1950s banning segreg
values in American society were changing and segregation was losing support
Segregation was no longer practiced in southern states in 1954.
31
Unlike procedural due process, substantive due process requires fairness in
the legal process.
the judicial review process.
the laws themselves.
32
Which of the following is considered a Miranda right?
the right to have an attorney present during questioning
the right to exclude a confession that was forced
the right to hear evidence against him or her
33
At what point does a bill become a law?
when it passes the Senate
when it passes the House
when the president signs it
34
When does each political party officially declare who its candidate for the general election will be?
during each party's national nominating convention
after the third debate between party candidates
after all but one of the candidates drop out of the primary races
35
Which of the following is a constitutional requirement for becoming president of the United States?
serving at least one term as an elected federal or state official
being at least 35 years old
serving in the U.S. military
36
Once a bill reaches the president's desk, he or she must take action to accept or reject it within
10 days
30 days
5 days
37
The Fourteenth Amendment
outlaws slavery.
says the right to vote could not be restricted based on race or color.
guarantees equal protection of the laws.
38
The national government gets most of its revenues (money) from
state and local governments.
taxes.
selling government bonds.
39
Who do lobbyists work for?
political parties
the government
interest groups
40
What happens after a government official is impeached?
The Senate holds a trial.
The official goes to jail.
The Supreme Court holds a trial
41
Which of the following is a constitutional duty of the vice president?
making goodwill tours to foreign nations
developing the annual federal budget
deciding whether the president is unable to carry out his or her duties
42
Which of the following violates the establishment clause, according to the Supreme Court?
public-school sponsored prayer
study of religion in public schools
use of public school space for prayer group meetings outside school hours
43
How long is a senator's term?
2 years
4 years
6 years
44
Which of the following is true about executive orders?
They have the force of law without the approval of Congress.
Once approved by both the House and Senate, they have the force of law.
They are directives that do not have the force of law.
45
In our system of checks and balances, judicial review is
a check on the judicial branch by the executive branch
a check on the legislative and executive branches by the judicial branch
a check on the judicial branch by the legislative branch
46
What congressional power limits the president's role as commander in chief?
power to declare war
power to override executive orders
power to approve treaties
47
The presence of the outgoing president at the inauguration ceremony symbolizes
check and balances in government.
the peaceful transition of power in government.
separation of power in government.
48
What is a winner-take-all system in a presidential election?
try again
pick a different response
If a candidate receives the most votes in a state, they receive all EC vote
49
Which judges serve life terms?
state
federal
municipal (city)
50
Why might a presidential candidate select a vice presidential running mate from a different part of the country?
Constitution specifies that the president & VP can't be from the same state
It helps the candidate appeal to a voters from another area of the country.
Presidential candidates tend to make too many enemies in their local areas
51
Why is it important to consider precedent in making Court decisions?
It helps promote consistency in how laws are interpreted and applied.
It helps identify previous cases that need to be appealed.
52
The jurisdiction of federal courts is limited to cases involving
federal or state governments.
federal laws or the federal constitution.
appeals from state courts.
53
Which of the following is another name for the Necessary and Proper Clause?
Convenient and Useful Clause
Elastic Clause
Implied Powers Clause
54
Among the president's executive powers is the power to
appoint congressional committee chairs.
appoint Cabinet heads.
declare war.
55
The freedom of petition ensures the right of the people to
gather together peacefully.
ask the government to take or not take an action.
freely express their views in a public forum.
56
After the vice president, who is next in the line of presidential succession?
the president pro tempore of the Senate
the Speaker of the House
the Secretary of State
57
How is the number of House representatives for each state determined?
by population
by the Constitution
by redistricting
58
Which of the following is a qualification for membership in the Senate?
U.S. citizen for 9 years
U.S. citizen for 7 years
at least 25 years old
59
The Constitution gives the power to carry out laws to the
President.
Supreme Court.
Congress.
60
Freedom of assembly allows people to participate only in protest marches that
are peaceful.
present a positive message.
include equal representation of opposing views.
61
When the House and Senate pass different versions of the same bill, how do they work out their differences?
in a select committee
in a standing committee
in a conference committee
62
Which amendment protects the right of individuals to own a gun?
Second Amendment
First Amendment
Fourteenth Amendment
63
Who presides over the House and is its most powerful leader?
Vice President
president pro tempore
Speaker
64
Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?
Eighth Amendment
Sixth Amendment
Fifth Amendment
65
How many electors is each state allowed in the Electoral College?
one for each county in the state
the same as the number of senators and representativesit has in Congress
one for each member it has in the House of Representatives
66
What action leads to reapportionment?
a presidential decree
a census
an election
67
Which of the following is true of the Senate?
The majority of senators represent a majority of the population.
Larger states have more senators than smaller states.
All states are equal in the Senate.
68
Who are California's two U.S. Senators
Dianne Feinstein and Josh Harder
Alex Padilla and Dianne Feinstein
Josh Harder and Kamala Harris
69
"Taking the Fifth" refers to the Fifth Amendment right of defendants
to ask for an attorney to represent them.
to choose a jury trial.
not to incriminate themselves.
70
The free exercise clause of the First Amendment protects the right of individuals to
construct a religious monument on public property.
worship as they choose.
burn the American flag.
71
Which precedent was overturned in the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ruling?
Whitney v. California (1927)
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which allowed separate but equal facilities
Jacobson v. Massachusetts (1905)
72
What happens when the exclusionary rule is invoked?
Charges against the defendant are dropped.
The attorneys cannot ask certain questions at the defendant's trial.
Certain evidence cannot be used against the defendant at trial.
73
Which of the following is guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment?
protection from self-incrimination
a defendant's right to an attorney
the presumption of innocence
74
How long is a House of Representative's term?
4 years
2 years
6 years
75
What is the Electoral College?
They implement &monitor campaign finance laws for presidential campaigns.
Name for training courses a president elect must complete b4 taking office
A system set by the Constitution for selecting the president and VP.
76
What is lobbying?
a campaign to get out the vote for a party's candidate
an effort to persuade officials to support a point of view
an effort to raise campaign funds
77
What powers arise from the Constitution's necessary and proper clause?
expressed powers
implied powers
enumerated powers
78
The amount of compensation (pay) a president receives is determined by
the Supreme Court.
the Constitution.
the Congress.
79
If the office of vice president is vacant, how is the position filled?
The Electoral College is called back to select a new vice president.
The president nominates a candidate who must be approved by congress
The position remains open until the next presidential election.
80
When an appeals court makes a decision, it creates _____ that lower courts must follow when deciding similar cases.
procedural due process
a judicial review
a precedent
81
How can one senator prevent a bill from coming to a final vote?
with a censure
with a cloture resolution
with a filibuster
82
What is unique about how the U.S. president is elected?
They cannot be elected to office if they fail to win the popular vote.
The U.S. president is elected by members of Congress.
The U.S. president is not elected directly by voters.
83
How many people are up for election/reelection the House of Representatives every two years?
1/2 of the members
1/3 of the members
all of the members
84
Judges who agree with the court's opinion but for different reasons may explain their position in a
minority opinion.
dissenting opinion.
concurring opinion.
85
Criminal defendants have a right to an attorney, but what occurs if they can't afford one?
The courts provide attorneys for the defendants free of charge.
The government provides a loan for the defendants to hire attorneys.
The defendants waive their right to a jury trial.
86
Unfair treatment of individuals based on their race, gender, national origin, age, physical disability, or religion is
integration
discrimination
affirmative action
87
How many people are in the Senate?
535
435
100
88
The Constitution states that the president has the power to
execute laws.
make laws.
declare laws unconstitutional.
89
Which of the following is a reason for limiting free speech?
to protect society from extremist messages
to prevent criticism of the government
to protect public safety
90
The establishment clause of the First Amendment forbids the establishment of
non-Christian religions in the United States.
laws favoring one religion over another.
religion-based private schools.
91
The president is acting as chief executive when he or she
sends troops into battle.
submits a budget to Congress.
carries out a law.
92
What is the power of judicial review?
Power of the Senate to confirm nominations to fill Supreme Court vacancies
Power of the president to nominate a person to fill a SC vacancy
It is the power to decide if a law is unconstitutional.
93
What is the purpose of gerrymandering?
to balance each district fairly between Republican and Democratic voters
to give electoral advantage to candidates of the majority party
to change the number of Senate seats for each state
94
Presidents have the power to stop any bill that Congress sends to them by
vetoing it.
refusing to sign it.
issuing an executive order of rejection.
95
How do federal judges, including Supreme Court justices, get their jobs?
The Senate appoints them and the president approves them
The president appoints them and the Senate approves them.
The president appoints them and the House approves them.
96
How many people are in the House of Representatives?
535
435
100
97
When must Congressional elections be held?
the first Tuesday of every November
the Tuesday after the first Monday of November in even-number years
the Tuesday after the first Monday of November in odd-numbered years
98
What powers are claimed by the president but not clearly stated in the Constitution?
inherent powers
expressed powers
executive powers
99
A civil or criminal suit is brought in court against the
plaintiff.
judge.
defendant
100
The president can influence legislation most successfully when
the president's party controls Congress.
the nation is at peace.
the government is divided.
