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ASRT Board Prep
ASRT Board Prep
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1
Which of the following can a technologist use to help reduce occupational dose during fluoroscopic procedures?
more images per series
pulsed fluoroscopy
lower kVp
longer fluoroscopy time and shorter distance
2
As image compression ratio increases:
it has not impact on image quality
image quality increases
image quality degrades
image quality stays the same
3
An increase in image magnification will result from increasing:
focal spot size
beam restriction
OID
SID
4
Answer the question below:
10
5
20
40
5
The ___ generator component converts DC current to high-frequency AC.
rectifier
transformer
inverter
capacitor
6
The tangential projection, or the Gaynor-Hart method, of the wrist evaluates the:
styloid tip of the radius
trapezium
carpal canal
carpal bridge
7
Esophageal fluoroscopic studies generally begin with the patient in the ___ position.
upright
Sims
lithotomy
recumbent
8
The minimum lead equivalent for thyroid shields is:
0.50mm
0.75mm
0.25mm
1mm
9
Compared with a low-ratio grid, a high-ratio grid:
reduces patient dose
reduces image contrast
absorbs more scatter radiation
absorbs less primary radiation
10
Increasing the kVp from the 70 to 80 will result in an increase in all of the following EXCEPT the ___ of ___ photons.
quality; bremsstrahlung
quantity; characteristic
quantity; bremsstrahlung
quality; characteristic
11
The protective booth that the radiographer stands behind when making the x-ray exposure is a ___ barrier.
secondary
remnant radiation
useful beam
primary
12
Which of the following are characterized as chemotherapy waste? 1) expired drugs 2) aborted dosages 3) contaminated PPE
2 & 3
1 & 2
1 & 3
1, 2 & 3
13
The potential difference in a circuit of 20 amperes and 10 ohms is ___ volts.
2000
2
20
200
14
If the SID is doubled, the x-ray intensity at the IR:
increased 4-fold
reduced by 1/2
doubled
reduced by 1/4
15
The L-spine has a normal curve that is ___, which is considered a ___ curve.
lordotic; primary
lordotic; secondary or compensatory
kyphotic; secondary or compensatory
kyphotic; primary
16
A fracture of the distal radius with posterior displacement is a ___ fracture.
Boxer
Colles
Smith
Bennett
17
Which of the following is an impacted fracture of the posterolateral aspect of the humeral head?
Holstein-Lewis fracture
Bennett fracture
Bankart lesion
Hills-Sachs lesion
18
The ___ is the portion of the x-ray tube that possesses a negative charge and aligns the flow of electrons in the tube.
filament
focusing cup
focal track
focal spot
19
The image below demonstrates the ___ artifact.
laser skipping
Moire effect
flat-field error
grid line
20
Answer the question below:
emotional intelligence
sincerity
patient autonomy
empathy
21
Until a PSP is processed, electron freed upon irradiation are stored in the:
valence band
conduction band
conductive layer
photodetector
22
For SMV of the zygomatic arches, the ___ line should be as close to parallel with the IR for accurate extension.
OML
AML
GML
IOML
23
Which of the following is FALSE about MSDSs?
MSDS info should be provided to patients near hazardous material
MSDS is required by OSHA
MSDS info is on file & should be available & accessible to all personnel
MSDS states safe handling in event of a spill
24
What is hypervolemia?
excess sodium in the blood
excessive cleansing of the colon
excess fluid in the blood
excessive loss of body water
25
When applying a topical drug to patient's skin, the health care provider should first:
put on gloves
explain the entire procedure to the patient3
verify patient identification
wash his or her hands
26
The ___ is the portion of the rotating anode x-ray tube that does not move.
target
stem
rotor
stator
27
A detector used for direct capture in digital radiography is made up of:
cesium iodide & amorphous silicon photodiodes
barium fluorohalide
CCD
amorphous selenium
28
The dose to staff standing 1 meter from the patient is approx. __ of the incident exposure.
1/1000
1/100
1/10
1/10000
29
The Joint Commission is an organization that:
monitors the IRD
certifies health care facilites in the US
determines the correct CPT codes for specific procedures
develops a prospective payment plan
30
How should staff dispose of needles?
capped and in the trash receptacle
directly to sanitation staff
in a puncture resistant sharps container
not capped and in the biohazard receptacle
31
Of the following, a whole-body radiation exposure of 2 Gy over a period of ___ would be MOST hazardous to an individual.
10 hours
10 seconds
10 weeks
10 days
32
A bit depth of ___ bits produces an image with the greatest contrast resolution.
8
14
10
12
33
The selection of a small focal spot size helps to:
increase spatial resolution
minimize motion blur
decrease ESE
increase contrast resolution
34
Answer the question below:
2 & 3
1 & 2
1 & 3
1, 2 & 3
35
The intensity of the radiation to an IR is 200 mR at 48" SID. At 40" SID, the intensity is:
284 mR
288 mR
282 mR
286 mR
36
The average temporal artery temperature for a patient is:
100 degrees
98.6 degrees
97 degrees
99.5 degrees
37
Charge created in an amorphous silicon layer is collected at the:
display
capacitor
scintillator
bias line
38
What component is commonly replacing the vidicon camera found in the older fluoroscopic units?
plumbicon camera
CCD
image intensifier
beam-splitting mirror
39
When a patient is in a 45 degrees LAO position:
The right lung field is best displayed
both lungs are well displayed
neither lung is well displayed
The left lung field is best displayed
40
The ____ of the syringe holds the medication for the injection.
cannula
hub
plunger
barrel
41
All of the following required on mobile fluoroscopy units EXCEPT:
a protective drape
an exposure factor display
a deadman-type switch
a cumulative timer
42
For a lateral projection of the knee, the patient's leg is flexed:
40-45 degrees
20-30 degrees
90 degreed8
5-10 degrees
43
The formula Ei=Es+(Eb+EKE) calculates the energy of a scattered photon created during a ___ scattering interaction
classical
unmodified
compton
coherent
44
The HVL for a 90 kVp beam is ___mm of aluminum equivalent (Al/eq)
2.3
1.5
1.3
2.5
45
The speed at which the anode rotates in the rotating anode x-ray tube can be 1) 3000 rpm 2) 10000 rpm 3) 15000 rpm
1 & 3
1 & 2
1, 2, & 3
2 & 3
46
___ is the MOST important factor in controlling size distortion.
OID
focal spot size
SID
exposure time
47
Which of the following statements is true?
LET & RBE have no correlation to eachother
Low LET has high RBE
High LET has high RBE
Low RBE has high LET
48
During the ___ stage of gestation, prenatal death can result from exposure to ionizing radiation.
organogenesis
implantation
preimplantation
fetal
49
X-ray transmission occurs MOST readily through:
bone
air
fat
muscle
50
An ED patient arrives in the rad dept and seems stable but is breathing rapidly. The tech expresses this to the rad as:
tachypnea
bradypnea
tachycardia
bradycardia
51
An increase in the difference between the atomic numbers or densities of adjacent tissues results in increased:
distortion
receptor exposure
subject contrast
spatial resolution
52
The minimum lead equivalent requirement for gonadal shielding is ___.
0.75mm
0.50mm
1mm
0.25mm
53
What type of radiation dosimeter is likely to give inaccurate reading if it is not read each day?
thermoluminescent
OSL
film
pocket ion chamber
54
The first ___ ribs are called "true ribs" because they attach directly to the sternum.
6
7
5
8
55
Answer the question below:
a hematoma; keep the needle in place to preserve access and apply ice pack
extravasation; remove the needle and apply an ice pack to the area
anaphylaxis; call for help immediately
intravasation; remove the needle and apply a warm pack over the area
56
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding entries made into a patient's health record?
Information fields may be left blank if unknown
entries must be dated and their author identified
patients may request for an original entry to be altered
providers are encouraged to use abbreviations
57
One of the functions of the stomach is to:
breaks down food
absorb nutrients
reabsorb fluids
eliminate waste products
58
The TMJ is a ___ joint.
fibrous hinge and gliding
synovial hinge and gliding
fibrous suture
synovial suture
59
An increase in collimation in fluoroscopy decreases 1) integral dose 2) image quality 3) scatter production
1 & 2
1 & 3
1, 2 & 3
2 & 3
60
Answer the question below:
1 & 3
2 & 3
1, 2 & 3
1 & 2
61
A benign tumor consisting of cartilage is a(n):
chondrosarcoma
osteosarcoma
enchondroma
Ewing sarcoma
62
Sesamoid bones of the foot are usually located beneath the:
head of the 5th metatarsal
base of the first metatarsal
head of the first metatarsal
thirds metatarsophalangeal joint
63
A malignant primary tumor of bone is a(n):
enchondroma
chondrosarcoma
metastasis
osteosarcoma
64
The first step in CPR is to:
perform rescue breathing
use the AED
position the patient
determine unresponsiveness
65
Answer the question below:
25 degrees
20 degrees
15 degrees
30 degrees
66
kVp is selected at the:
autotransformer
rectifier
rheostat
step-up transformer
67
The data contained in a digital image is the ___ data.
exponential
logarithmic
qualitative
numerical
68
When imaging bilateral AC joints, the preferred SID is ___".
48
60
40
72
69
The liver has a WT of:
0.01
0.20
0.12
0.05
70
Pre-established guidelines that a radiographer can use to select exposure factors or a radiologic exam are listed on a:
accreditation standard
examination requisition
generator control panel
technique chart
71
The prolapse of one part of the GI tract into the lumen of an adjacent part of the GI tract is known as:
diverticulosis
intussusception
ileus
volvulus
72
According to the gov't regulations, the x-ray beam must be within ___ degree(s) of perpendicular.
5
10
1
2
73
An increase in image contrast will result from increasing which of the following?
kVp
OID
Focal Spot Size
SID
74
If a patient exposure at a distance of 2 meters is 24 mGy, the exposure at 8 meters would be ___ mGy.
12
1.5
18
6
75
The ___ detector consists of a thin-film transistor array.
CCD
PSP
CMOS
flat-panel
76
A malignant tumor arising from cartilage cells is a(n):
Ewing sarcoma
chondrosarcoma
osteosarcoma
enchondroma
77
How many transformers for below work based upon the mutual induction? air core, open core, autotransformer, closed core
4
2
3
1
78
The anode heel effect is most prevalent with a ___ SID and ___ receptor size.
short; large
long; large
long; small
short;small
79
The air-gap technique uses a ___ SID and a ___OID.
short; short
long; short
long; long
short; long
80
The portion of the anode that stops the stream of electrons during x-ray production is the:
stem
rotor
focusing cup
target
81
The anatomical name for the structure that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder is the:
renal pelvis
urethra
ureter
renal papilla
82
The exposure field size and IR size selected must be within ____ of the SID.
3%
5%
1%
2%
83
Which of the following examinations was designed to acquire images of immobilized trauma patients' elbows?
radial head- lateral projection - rotation of hand
proximal forearm - PA projection - acute flexion
radial head and coronoid process - axiolateral projection - Coyle method
distal humerus - AP projection - acute flexion
84
Average oxygen delivery rate for a patient who is having difficulty breathing and does NOT have a known lung disease is:
4 to 9 l/min
1 to 6 l/min
10 to 12 l/min
0.5 to 2.0 l/min
85
Defecography is sued to measure and study the:
anorectal angle
length of the transverse colon
length of the sigmoid colon
angles of the right and left colic flexures
86
To enter an operating room, a tech MUST be wearing "scrubs" and:
a mask, sterile gloves, and sterile gown
a hat or cap, shoe covers, and a mask
a hat or cap and shoe covers
a sterile gown, sterile gloves, and a hat or cap
87
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding adverse reactions to contrast media?
Techs are responsible for recognizing signs & symptoms of adverse reaction
Most adverse reactions are associated with radiolucent contrast agents
Adverse reactions should be thoroughly documented in the patient's chart
Techs should have adequate knowledge of how to treat any adverse reactions
88
Typically, a protocol of the first digit, or thumb, contains AP, lateral, & PA. AP is used opposed to PA to:
improve patient comfort
display the carpals w/out superimposition
keep the thumb parallel to the IR
reduce magnification of the thumb
89
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding venipuncture for a normal adult?
a tourniquet should be applied above the site to impede blood flow in vein
The needle should be inserted into the vein at a 45 degree angle
pull the patient's skin and vein toward the patient's hand
The needle should be held with the bevel facing upward
90
Current that flows in only one direction is called ___ current.
direct
outlet
alternating
battery
91
Answer the question below:
Benadryl
metformin
insulin
furesomide (Lasix)
92
A ___ is used to assess display monitors.
line-pair test tool
DAP meter
pinhole camera
SMPTE test pattern
93
Which of the following radiographic evaluation criterion demonstrates NO rotation on a PA projection of the chest?
10 posterior ribs visible above the diaphragm
T4 superimposed on the manubrium
Sternal ends of the clavicles equidistant from the vertebral column
scapulae projected outside of the lung field
94
Calipers are used to measure:
entrance skin exposure
anatomical part thickness
occupational dose limits
SID
95
The spatial resolution of a detector is controlled by the:
sampling frequency
matrix size
mAs
ADC
96
Medical imaging order entry and scheduling of imaging visits in the:
RIS
PACS
EHR
acquisition workstation
97
Which type of compensating filter is the MOST appropriate to use for an AP or AP axial projection of the foot?
boomerange
trough
wedge
bilateral wedge
98
According to the emission spectra below, an increase in kVp affects the characteristic interaction by:
decreasing the number of interactions
increasing the energy of the interaction
decreasing the energy of the interaction
increasing the number of interactions
99
The basic difference between the Sv and other units that measure radioactivity is that the Sv is:
used only for radiation protection purposes
used to indicate the exposure rate for a given exposure
used to indicate the activity level of radionuclides
the only SI unit for radiation dose
100
The ___ measurement is an average calculated from the gonadal dose received by the entire population.
Genetically Significant Dose
Effective Dose
RBE
LD 50/30
101
The CR enters the ___ when performing an AP axial projection of the toes.
Third MTP joint
Head of the first metatarsal
Distal IP joint of the third phalanx
Third MCP joint
102
The ability of a system to record detail (expressed as lp/mm) is known as:
quality assurance
finite factor
spatial resolution
detail factor
103
The concept used in barrier design that described the total beam-on time for a radiography room per week is:
weighting factor
occupancy factor
workload
use factor
104
A barium enema bag is usually hung no higher than:
12"
24"
36"
48"
105
On a PA axial projection of the mandibular rami, the ___ line should be perp to the image receptor for accurate flexion.
GML
OML
IOML
AML
106
The dimension from one side of a pixel to the other side of the same pixel is the measure of:
Nyquist frequency
sampling frequency
pixel pitch
pixel size
107
Answer the question below:
a cumulative timer
a protective curtain
collimation
a Bucky slot cover
108
Answer the question below:
increasing FSS
increasing SID
increasing technique
increasing OID
109
What type of bone is the scapula?
long
flat
irregular
sesamoid
110
Which of the following affect the spatial resolution of an image?
kVp and mAs
tube angle and kVp
SID and focal spot size
mAs and OID
111
Which of the following is FALSE regarding a colostomy study of the large intestine?
Sterile technique is not required to perform the exam
Bowel perforation includes irrigation of the stoma the night before an exam
The same barium sulfate formula is used as for routine contrast enema study
the rad tech should insert the catheter tip into the patient's stoma
112
When an exposure is made using 69 kVp, ___ of the primary beam consists of characteristic x-rays.
60%
0%
30%
100%
113
Answer the question below:
express concern to other technologists in the department
defer to more senior tech's experience and do not say anything
Talk to the tech about why that technique was chosen and express concern
go immediately to the department supervisor and suggest an investigation
114
Which of the following statements is TRUE about SID?
decreasing SID increases photoelectric absorption
increasing SID decreases contrast
increasing SID increases spatial resolution
decreasing SID decreases receptor exposure
115
The eye of the scottie dog in an L-spine is projected on the anterior aspect of the vertebral body. This indicates:
the patient was not rotated enough
central ray was not angled enough
central ray was angled too much
patient was rotated too much
116
The central ray angle for an AP axial projection of the foot is:
10 degrees
15 degrees
30 - 45 degrees
0 degrees
117
Increasing the kVp from 60 to 68 will result in:
increased quantity of bremsstrahlung photons
a leftward shift of the emission spectrum
an increase in the number of characteristic photons
increased energy of the characteristic photons.
118
The recommended SID for lateral projection of the c-spine is ___ inches.
44-48
30
40
60-72
119
The cineradiography frame rate with the highest dose would be ___ frames per second.
15
3.5
30
7.5
120
The fluoroscopic foot switch is a:
positive-pressure switch
negative-pressure switch
toggle switch
variable resistor
121
Answer the question below:
assist the patient to a recumbent position and elevate his feet
squeeze the nasal septum for up to 10 minutes to stop bleeding
call in a code and make sure all objects near the patient have been moved
have someone nearby prepare the AED
122
Which of the following are cranial bones?
Occipital, Temporal, & Parietal
Frontal, Occipital, & Mandible
Sphenoid, Vomer, & Temporal
Palatine, Lacrimal, & Occipital
123
The advantage of the DAP meter as a dose measuring device is:
technologists do not have to place it into the field
regular calibration is required
it measures dose at the level of the collimator
if the DAP meter terminates exposure after a certain dose is reached
124
The neck of the femur is angled anteriorly from the femoral body by approximately:
40-60 degrees
15-20 degrees
30-40 degrees
5-10 degrees
125
Patient demographic and examination information are stored with a digital radiography image in the image's
modality worklist
study ID
metadata
RIS
126
A DAP meter measures dose using all the following EXCEPT:
distance
number of ionizations
field size
number of photons
127
The MOST common subcutaneous sites for drug injections are the:
n/a
abdomen and outer thighs
deltoid muscle and abdomen
outer thighs and deltoid muscle
128
The AP axial oblique projections of the c-spine demonstrates the ___ that are ___ the IR.
zygapophyseal joints; farthest from
intervertebral foramina; closest to
intervertebral foramina; farthest from
zygapophyseal joints; closest to
129
Which of the following is the unit of measure for display monitor luminance?
lp/mm
mGy/s
Cd/m2
lines/cm
130
Answer the question below:
adducted medial
adducted; lateral
abducted; lateral
abducted; medial
131
Projectile electrons are focused on the ___ for x-ray production to take place.
target angle
anode heel
actual focal spot
effective focal spot
132
Which of the following might cause an increase in quantum mottle?
decreasing the field size
increasing the mAs
decreasing the grid ratio
increasing the filament size
133
X-ray that shows acceptable brightness along one side of the image but NOT on the opposite side represents a ___ error.
upside-down focused grid
grit motion too slow
incorrect grid ratio
off-level grid
134
All of the following are QC tests for photostimulable imaging detectors EXCEPT FOR:
uniformity
luminance
erasure thoroughness
spatial resolution
135
What characteristic x-rays are useful image production?
p-shells
k-shells
n-shells
o-shells
136
___ is the primary cause of decreased spatial resolution on radiographs.
improper kVp
patient motion
failure to use a grid
incorrect mA
137
The optic nerve passes into the orbit through the:
optic foramen
superior orbital fissure
inferior orbital fissure
optic groove
138
Which 2 positions place the patient where barium sulfate can be seen in the fundus of the stomach for a dbl contrast UGI
LAO and supine
LPO and supine
lateral and prone
RAO and prone
139
The device that is responsible for producing the high voltage necessary for the x-ray production is the:
battery
transformer
generator
motor
140
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
higher radiation doses to bone marrow increase blood depletion
Lymphocytes have the longest life span of all blood cell types
radiation causes an increase in the number of mature blood cells
most red blood cells are manufactured in the lymph nodes
141
Which of the following is a benign tumor arising for Schwann cells of the eighth cranial nerve?
acoustic neuroma
multiple myeloma
pituitary adenoma
osteoma
142
For a lateral of the cranium, the ___ line is perpendicular to the front edge of the IR.
GML
AML
OML
IOML
143
The primary benefit of the AP Grashey method of the shoulder is that the:
greater tubercle is always in profile
glenohumeral and scapula humeral joint spaces are open
n/a
coracoid process is free of superimposition
144
When obtaining a radiograph of the third digit on the hand, central ray entrance point is the ___ on the affected digit.
Middle Phalanx
DIP Joint
Proximal Phalanx
PIP Joint
145
During myelography, immediately after the radiologist inserts the spinal needle to the desired space:
the puncture site is cleaned
scout images are taken
a local anesthetic given
some cerebrospinal fluid can be withdrawn for lab analysis
146
On a lateral image of the cranium, which of the following structures should be clearly shown?
Superimposed orbital roofs & greater wings of the sphenoid
Cranial base with symmetric images of petrosal & foramen ovale
Dorsum sellae & posterior clinoid processes in foramen magnum
Orbits filled by the petrous ridges of the temporal bone
147
All of the following demonstrate adherence to the ALARA principle EXCEPT:
minimizing repeat exposures
collimation to area of interest
using gonadal shielding
wearing occupational dosimeters
148
___ is the local processing function of renumbering pixel values for an entire image domain.
windowing
LUT
histogram
equalization
149
Which imaging informatics system is a communication network of computers for image acquisition, display, & storage?
PACS
RIS
EHR
HIS
150
For a lateral projection of the chest, the longitudinal CR entrance level is ___ and the transverse entrance level is __
the midsagittal plane; T7
T7; the midsagittal plane
T7; midcoronal plane
the midcoronal plane; T7
151
___ scattering is another term for classical scattering.
Photoelectric
Coherent
Compton
Characteristic
152
The auricular surface of the ilium articulates with the:
pubis
sacrum
ischium
femoral head
153
A tracheostomy is:
use of an endotracheal tube in the trachea to assist with respiration
a feeding tube that ends in the c-loop of the duodenum
a procedure that is performed to drain fluid from the trachea
a surgical opening in the trachea to provide an artificial airway
154
Which of the following parts is NOT part of a needle?
bevel
cannula
plunger
hub
155
For an AP humerus, it is necessary to have the coronal plane pass through the humeral epicondyles aligned ___ to the IR.
parallel
45 degree angle
30 degree angle
perpendicular
156
It would be inappropriate to refer to a patient who is over 65 years old as a "geriatric" because:
the label applies only to those who are older than 75 years
It can make the person feel alienated and disrespected
geriatric refers to the study of aging, not populations
the person might not look 65 years old
157
All of the following are regarded as special considerations when establishing technique charts EXCEPT:
patient age
radiographer skills
contrast media
casts
158
Contrast resolution increases form an increase in:
pixel pitch
bit depth
FOV
pixel size
159
The CR should be angled ___ degrees for an AP axial projection of the foot
10
45
30
90
160
Which of the following is the correct circuity sequence for incoming voltage in a high-frequency generator?
capacitor, transformer, rectifier, inverter, capacitor, rectifier
rectifier, capacitor, inverter, transformer, rectifier, capacitor
transformer, inverter, capacitor, rectifier, capacitor, rectifier
inverter, rectifier, transformer, capacitor, rectifier, capacitor
161
Answer the question below:
inferiorly; anteriorly
superiorly; anteriorly
superiorly; posteriorly
inferiorly; posteriorly
162
The kidneys are located in the:
peritoneal cavity
retroperitoneum
anteroperitoneum
supraperitoneum
163
Answer the question below:
beneficence
res ipsa loquitor
borrowed servant
respondeat superior
164
If ___ occurs, applying pressure to the injection site can help relieve patient discomfort.
scarring
redness
extravasation
necrosis
165
When H
2
O gains an electron it becomes:
H*OH*
HOH=
HOH-
HOH+
166
Which of the following is a type of primary shielding?
lead apron
shaped contact shield
shadow shield
collimation