Ch. 1-2 Psychology Review

People learn to behave in certain ways because they have received positive reinforcement for their behavior

For the findings of a scientific study to be confirmed, the study must be __, or repeated

A measure of how closely one thing is related to another

An inherent ability, a talent

A statement that attempts to explain why things are the way they are and why they happen the way they do

__ observation involves observing people in their normal lives, such as at home or at school

Focuses on the interaction of biological processes, psychological dispositions, and social factors

Psychologists test hypotheses through a variety of methods

Cognitive activities are:

__ emphasizes the influence of unconscious forces on human behavior

The field of __ is based on the discovery of the basic elements of consciousness

Field of psychology dedicated to identifying and helping students who have problems that interfere with learning

The concept of right or good conduct

Field of psychology that helps mainly people who have adjustment problems

A predisposition to a certain point of view despite what facts may suggest

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Members of the __ group of an experiment do not receive treatment

__ emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and internal conflicts in determining human behavior

Field of psychology that focuses on conducting research through experiments

__ observation takes place in a specific area set aside for observation and research

__ are standards for proper and responsible behavior

Elements of behavior that exist but cannot de measured directly, such as aggressiveness, are called __

__ psychology is based on the idea that our perceptions of objects are more than the sums of their parts

Branch of psychology that examines the relationships between behavior and physical health

A __ correlation between two factors means that as one factor increases, the other decreases

Research and experimentaion can lead to the __ of a psychological theory and to the acceptance of its soundness

In a __ study, only the experimenters know who is receiving treatment

After forming a research question, a psychologist will form a theory, or educated guess

Researchers are unable to observe/measure your thoughts directly so they might use __ to learn more about human behavior

Psychologists might spend many years analyzing the results of their testing

__ emphasizes the effects of experience on behavior

__ emphasizes the role that thoughts play in determining behavior

Human society and the interaction of individuals are the focus of the physical sciences, including history and economics

Psychology is a science, must be limited to observable, measurable events, an assertion that led me to found behaviorism

Field of psychology concerned with the changes that occur throughout a person's life span

The __ method of research involves observing a sample of individuals of different ages

A __ is an educated guess

__ emphasizes the influence of ethnicity, gender, culture, and socio-economic status on behavior and mental processes

A group of people who share a common religion, color, or national origin

If a researcher's observations oppose his/her original theory, then he/she can conclude that the theory is correct

A __ is a substance or treatment that has no effect apart from a person's belief in it

In the __ method of research, researchers select a group of participants and then observe them over a period of time

Some psychologists believe that __, or looking within, is one way to learn about ourselves

Branch of psychology that deals with people and work

Stresses the capacity for human self-fulfillment, consciousness, self-awareness, and capacity to make choices

Psychologists begin their studies by framing research questions

Founded psychoanalysis and the theory of psychodynamic thinking

Most psychologists are interested mainly in animal behavior

Branch of psychology that studies social systems that promote & foster individual well-being for members of a community

A basic truth or law

Theory that suggests people can change their environments and that people can learn intentionally by observing others

__ is the scientific study of observable behavior

An in-depth investigation of an individual or group

Researchers use psychological constructs to describe things that cannot be seen, touched, or measured directly

Branch of psychology that focuses on behavior and mental processes under different cultural conditions

__ emphasizes the influence of biology on human behavior

A __ is an element of an experiment that can change

The group a researcher wants to study or describe:

Any action that other people can observe or measure

Psychological perspective that focuses on the evolution of behavior and mental processes

A part of a target population

A relationship in which two factors rise together is known as a __ correlation

Cognitive activities are mental processes, such as dreams, perceptions, thoughts, and memories

Field of psychology that deals with evaluating psychological problems, such as anxiety, and helping people overcome them

Branch of psychology that focuses on patients who are struggling with disabilities

A form containing a set of questions addressed to a statistically significant number of subjects