PATHOS EXAM 2 - PART 2

dehydration is caused by

ex. of bioterrorism

if a female patient is HIV positive, she must

hypotonic fluids

overload causes are

signs and symptoms of overt aids are

confused and disoriented, over having repetitive CNS infections

SIADH effects ADH how?

diffusion

capillary permeability

pulls fluid into vascular space from the interstitial and cellular spaces

causes of hypernatremia

name the treatment(s) for HIV

normal range of potassium is 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L

sodium moves

intracellular organisms w/ no organized cell structure and either a protein or lipoprotein coat or genome but not both

DEHYDRATION

children with AIDS

best indicator of fluid status is daily weights

same concentration as human blood

for an adult, anything less than 30 mL an hour of UOP is considered a PROBLEM

bacteria

combined characteristics of viruses and bacteria; intracellular, have cells walls, asexual, have DNA and RNA

childbearing factors of HIV are

pressure created by protein "sponge," pulls water towards protein

members of the animal kingdom that cause infection in humans - helminths, protozoa, and arthropods

signs of AIDS dementia

fluid inside cells

causes to hypokalemia

an obese person can pee easier, because there is a lack of retention to hold in their urine

s & s of hypernatremia

if there is not enough fluid, blood pressure is low

RETROVIRUS - carries genetic information in RNA instead of DNA

wasting means

HPV can lead to cervical cancer

opportunistic infections GI

isotonic fluids are

inability to concentrate urine and impaired cel membrane excitability

transformed protein structures that are not broken down by proteases and accumulate in neuronal tissue

the weight equivalent of water =

an example of prion infection is MAD COW DISEASE

hyponatremia signs and symptoms

daily fluid intake = 1.5 to 3 liters

name the test to diagnosis of HIV

name the hypertonic fluids

thirst is controlled via the

when you test for HIV, which antibodies do you look at

hypertonic fluids

potassium

collection or localization of fluid which is neither intra - nor extra - cellular

pressure created by water; creates a pushing motion of fluid

daily weights should be measured

free living eukaryotic saprophytes

infants testing negative for SIX months w/out opportunistic dz are said to be HIV free

appropriate fluid types and specific fluids used for patient with dehydration

obligatory urine should be

global infections dz are

extremely low potassium levels in the blood

OVERLOAD

bacteria kills by destroying the cell wall

appropriate fluid types and specific fluids used for patient w/ overload

fluid surrounding cells outside of the vascular space (liver, heart, kidney)

diabetes insipidus (DI) effects ADH how?

prion transmissions are

osmosis

HIV - latency phase

CD4+ count is less than 200 cells/uL and an Aids defining illness

normal sodium

similar to rickettsia but are transmitted from vertebrate to vertebrate

thirst is controlled via the hypothalamus in response to

viruses can only reproduce w/in a living cell

SODIUM

S & S of overload

fluid outside cells and mostly in the vascular space (liquid in blood)

overload - hemodiluted

thirst regulates H2O

opportunistic infections lungs

potassium

hypernatremia =

cause of hypoatremia

malignancies that can occur from HIV

identify signs and symptoms of dehydration

hydrated - hemoconcentration

hyponatremia

name the hypotonic fluids

has fewer particles/lower ethnicity than human blood per unit of measure