stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
2023 Biology Mid-Year Review Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
2023 Biology Mid-Year Review
2023 Biology Mid-Year Review
73 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
214 plays
Biology Midterm Review (Scientific Method, Biochemistry, Cells, DNA, Mitosis)
Flashcards
73 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
73
Answers
1
All macromolecules are "organic" meaning they have one element in common. What is the element?
Carbon
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
2
The pigment found in plants that absorbs sunlight is ____________.
ribose
carotene
phytochrome
chlorophyll
3
Cellular Respiration takes place in both plant and animal cells in which organelle?
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Chloroplast
4
The glucose molecule is organized into a 6-sided ring. Which macromolecule is this?
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Lipid
Carbohydrate
5
Most important function of carbohydrates is?
quick energy
store genetic information
waterproofing
Amino Acids
6
A mass of cells is called a __________.
malignant
cyst
carcinogen
tumor
7
Choose the correct sequence for the Scientific Method.
Observe, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data, Conclusion
Observe, Experiment, Hypothesis, Data, Conclusion
Hypothesis, Experiment, Observe, Data, Conclusion
Hypothesis, Observe, Experiment, Conclusion, Data
8
Which organelle builds proteins?
Mitochondria
Golgi
Ribosome
ER
9
Water molecules have opposite charges on each end, making them
Polar
waterproof
positive
Negative
10
A sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base make up a _____________.
sugar molecule
amino acid
lipid
nucleotide
11
Enzymes, hair, and nails are all examples of which type of macromolecule?
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Protein
12
Water expands when it freezes, making ice ___________ than water.
less dense
crystalline
more dense
adhesive
13
The cell cycle stage that prepares the cell for division is _______________.
Mitosis
Interphase
Prophase
Cytokinesis
14
Energy is released from ATP when the third _________ is removed.
adenine
hydrogen
phosphate
covalent
15
How many ATP's are gained during glycolysis?
2
4
6
8
16
Fats, oils, and waxes are all examples of which macromolecule?
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
17
Which piece of technology aided in the formation of the cell theory?
Petri Dish
Microscope
Telescope
Agar
18
In an experiment, the group that is kept under normal conditions is called the _________.
Independent Group
Experimental Group
Control Group
Dependent Group
19
Electrons are
negatively charged
neutrally charged
positively charged
20
Water molecules are made of
H2O
H+
CO2
21
Which organelle contains genetic material and is known as the control center of the cell?
Ribosome
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Golgi
22
EXOCYTOSIS moves materials _________ the cell.
into
outside
23
Which of the following organelles is NOT unique to a plant cell?
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
Central Vacuole
Chloroplast
24
The variable that is changed throughout the experiment is the ______________.
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Experimental Variable
Control Variable
25
The macromolecules that store long term energy are _________________.
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
26
The uncontrolled division of cells is called ________.
S-phase
mitosis
G2-phase
cancer
27
The variable that measures numbers quantities or numbers is the ___________ variable.
Dependent
Independent
Quantitative
Qualitative
28
Osmosis is the diffusion of ___________ from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
enzymes
water
DNA
nutrients
29
Water molecules stick together, a property called
negativity
surface tension
cohesion
density
30
The macromolecule that includes all sugars is ________________.
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Proteins
31
The organelle that is responsible for digesting waste with powerful enzymes.
Lysosome
Ribosome
Centriole
Golgi
32
Cells that have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles are __________.
Bacteria
Nonexistent
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes
33
Which of the following statements is NOT part of the Cell Theory?
All cells have a nucleus and organelles.
The cell is the basic unit of life.
All living things are made of cells.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
34
The movement of solutes from areas of high concentration to low concentration is?
phagocytosis
diffusion
osmosis
endocytosis
35
The stage of the cell cycle where the cytoplasm is divided.
Telophase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Interphase
36
Which stage in cellular respiration makes the most ATP?
Fermentation
Krebs Cycle
Glycolosis
Electron Transport Chain
37
The dependent variable in an experiment is _____________________.
measured
changed
kept the same
observed
38
A cell that has no membrane bound organelles and no nucleus is a __________ .
prokaryote
eukaryote
plant
animal
39
The monomer of a protein is ______________.
a glucose molecule.
an amino acid.
a nucleotide.
a fatty acid chain.
40
Enzymes are sensitive to temperature and
oxygen
pH
water
41
Which is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
ATP + Water + Glucose --> Oxygen + Carbon Dioxide
Water + Carbon Dioxide + ATP --> Glucose + Oxygen
Glucose + Carbon Dioxide --> Water + Oxygen + ATP
Glucose + Oxygen --> Water + Carbon Dioxide + ATP
42
Diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion are types of ____________ transport.
Active
Passive
43
The identical copies of a chromosome are called __________.
centriole
chromatin
centromere
sister chromatids
44
Photosynthesis takes place in which organelle of plant cells?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Chloroplast
45
The energy needed to start a chemical reactions is
pH
enzymes
activation energy
46
The __________ helps move materials throughout the cell, one type contains ribosomes.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Nucleus
Golgi Aparatus
Mitochondria
47
The term for programmed cell death is _____________.
cytokinesis
lysis
apoptosis
mitosis
48
Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 macromolecules we discussed in class?
Nucleic Acid
Protein
Carbohydrate
Bacteria
49
In an experiment the experimental group is the group that is ________________.
tested
controlled
kept the same
not tested
50
The movement of food particles into the cell is _____________.
Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis
51
During interphase DNA is in the ___________ form.
chromatin
condensed
chromsome
52
Prokaryotic cells divide by this process: ________________.
Mitosis
Binary Fission
Meiosis
DNA Replication
53
During ____________ the nuclei begin to reappear and two cells are nearly separate.
anaphase
telophase
metaphase
prophase
54
Which of the following is the correct equation for photosynthesis?
6H2O + 6CO2 + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + Light -> 6H2O + 6CO2
6H2O + 6O2 + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6CO2
55
What is the complimentary DNA strand for the following: AAG CAT?
UUC GUA
TTA GCA
TTC GTA
UUC GCA
56
Anaerobic respiration does
not
require oxygen. We call this process ______________.
Fermentation
Krebs Cycle
Glycolosis
Photosynthesis
57
DNA replication produces ___ identical strands of DNA.
3
2
4
58
The movement of liquid into the cell is ______________.
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
59
The nucleus of an atom is made of
electrons
protons & neutrons
protons
60
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Mitosis?
Metaphase
Anaphase
Prophase
Interphase
61
This organelle packages and transports proteins throughout the cell?
ER
Vacuole
Golgi Apparatus
Ribosome
62
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of _____________.
water
oxygen
glucose
carbon dioxide
63
Facilitated diffusion requires the aid of a __________ to move materials from high to low.
DNA molecule
carbohydrate
water molecule
protein channel
64
Polymers are molecules composed of repeating units of ____________.
Monomers
Chains of Carbon
Macromolecules
Carbon Rings
65
DNA condenses into chromosomes and the nucleus begins to break down during _______.
Telophase
Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
66
A single building block for larger macromolecules.
Monomer
Macromolecule
Polymer
Lipid
67
Passive transport does NOT require energy. True or False?
False
True
68
Controls what enters or exits the cell (phospholipid bilayer)?
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
69
The ____________ holds sister chromatids together.
chromosome
chromatin
centromere
centriole
70
ENDOCYTOSIS moves molecules _________ the cell.
outside
into
71
The ___________ is a storage organelle that contains water, waste, salts.
Nucleus
Vacuole
Ribsome
Lysosome
72
Enzymes function as a ______________ to speed up chemical reactions.
storage molecule
nutrient
genetic code
catalyst
73
Active transport requires energy to move molecules across the plasma membrane. True or False?
True
False
