Chapter 1-7 100 questions

The danger of a runaway ____________ model is a return to the days when due process was nonexistent.

Which scholar's models of the criminal system explore relations of the criminal justice system and justice itself?

Which category of crimes are far more common?

Another concept crucial to the study of contract law is the notion of _______.

A hypothesized universal set of moral standards is known as:

The administration of law under the Code of Hammurabi was:

What type of law deals with the enforceability of private agreements between individuals and organizations

Which case held that once suspects have a right to counsel, they may not be questioned about other offenses?

What is a crime for which the possible punishment includes a sentence of imprisonment for at least one year?

The legal term for summoning jurors is the:

Around the middle of which century did states begin to codify the common law?

Much of the law concerning contracts is now guided by the:

What degree of proof is defined by the text as meaning a fair probability that a crime has occurred?

Which legal scholar expresses the idea of the rule of law in the phrase "laws change but the Law must remain"?

There can be no liability without:

Which federal courts are referred to as circuit courts?

A critical or urgent situation that justifies the failure to obtain a warrant is a(n):

Warrants are required to describe the subject of their search with:

Sources of individual rights include which of the following?

Which influential thinker alluded to natural law when he compared law to a scientific theory?

Which one is where the defendant enters a guilty plea but denies having committed the crime?

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that even prison inmates have a fundamental right to marry?

Which case ruled that in order for plain view to apply, it must be "immediately apparent" that the item is seizable?

The document adopted by colonists in 1781 in their first attempt to form a unified national government was called the:

According to Durkheim, with the onset of ____________ and the factory system came a broad division of labor.

Which term translates as "you have the body"?

Which of the following is NOT one of the six social institutions identified in the text?

Under which perspective is law viewed in a manner analogous to the immune system of the body?

Which of the following was long acknowledged as the oldest known written code of law?

Which influential thinker argued for a strong sovereign capable of enforcing the social contract?

The first eight amendments in the Bill of Rights set out how many individual rights?

Which of Packer’s models of criminal justice is like an obstacle course where the accused's case is further encountered?

A criminal event where each state into which the victim is taken could charge the kidnapper with the crime:

In a(n) _______________, the magistrate determines if there is probable cause to believe that an offense was committed.

Additional supporting statements in a court opinion are called:

Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?

Which philosopher argued the state was virtuous?

The Fourth Amendment forbids which types of searches and seizures?

For John Locke:

Under the common law system developed in England, every final decision by a court creates:

The first regulatory agency in enforcing its own rules independent of the executive branch was the:

Police may ask anyone for _____________ to search without any basis for doing so.

Which case ruled that deadly force may be used to prevent escape only if the officer has probable cause?

Administrative law is also called:

Administrative law is created by the administrative agencies themselves based on authority granted them by:

The more complex a culture becomes, the more it relies on ___________ codes of conduct.

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court acknowledge that probable cause is a "fluid concept"?

Which standard of evidence means that the evidence indicates it is likely the defendant committed the wrongful act?

Which crimes are ones in which criminal liability exists even though the contemplated act or actions never take place?

An information is prepared and signed for by:

For _______, if there is a prior decision on a current case, the court will be guided by that prior decision.

What is a document formally charging a defendant with a crime and is handed down by a grand jury?

Which of the following is one of the ways any statute affecting religion is valid?

Which case extended the right to counsel for all indigent defendants facing serious felony charges in federal courts?

Durkheim’s basic theme is:

Which case ruled that a person considered to be a threat to public safety may be denied bail?

A writ of certiorari is an order:

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court hold that routine traffic stops do not constitute custody?

Which of Packer’s models of criminal justice asserts that the system should work like an assembly line?

Who was the first female to be appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court?

Underlying the ______ perspective of law is that law functions to preserve the exploitive, not protect the helpless.

Which type of justice is concerned with how a society's system of law goes about determining guilt or innocence?

Which individual wrote a book that constituted an impassioned plea to humanize and rationalize the law?

Article 1, section 8, of the U.S. Constitution grants Congress the _______________ power to regulate commerce.

Loving v. Virginia is an important case because it overturned a number of state statutes banning:

Plato's concept of positivist law would be given its greatest impetus by which later influential individual?

The exclusionary rule provides that:

As stated in the text, mental illness and legal ___________ are not the same thing.

Raffaele Garofalo reasoned that an act would be universally condemned if it offended the sentiments of ____________.

Which test for insanity is met when the defendant can not appreciate the wrongfulness of their conduct?

Which defense is increasingly being raised by defendants caught in drug and internet sexual enticement stings?

Recorded verbal evidence sworn under oath for later use in court is known as a(n):

____________ are frequently written broadly, leaving administrative agencies with the task of filling in the blanks.

What is by far the most common plea given by defendants?

________ is a set of instructions informing agents of the state how they must proceed in their investigation.

Under the common law, there was a presumption that children under the age of seven years:

Appellate jurisdiction means the court has the:

The authors note that we have evolved a "_____" that is preoccupied with safety and the future.

Freedom of speech includes which of the following?

Which of the following is a component of a crime?

The legal authority or power of a court to hear, pronounce on, and decide a case is known as:

________ is often called the "father of due process".

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court overturn a conviction because the individual had not waived a right to counsel?

Peremptory challenges:

The equal protection clause has been interpreted to preclude states from:

A _______________ case means enough evidence exists for there to be a case to answer.

Which thinker thought the social contract was necessary because the pre-civilized life was a "war of all against all"?

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court hold that the Second Amendment protects the rights of individual gun owners?

Disorderly conduct in a group setting generally is referred to as:

According to Max Weber, which is one of the ways that law is different from other kinds of rule-following behavior?

Under the common law, death was defined as when:

Incompetencies precluding the issuance of a marriage license include:

The Model Penal Code sets forth which of the following four levels of intent?

With respect to religion, the first guarantee in the First Amendment is often referred to as the:

Aristotle was a famous philosopher:

Which case decided by the U.S. Supreme Court established authority of the high court?

Which case ruled that peremptory challenges may not be used to exclude potential jurors on the basis of race?

The Fifth Amendment includes which of the following?

What is a legal concept referring to the amount of proof a police officer must have to search or arrest someone?

Which case ruled that the police create the functional equivalent of an interrogation when they engage in activity?