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Economics and Environmental Policy Flashcards | StudBud
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Economics and Environmental Policy
Economics and Environmental Policy
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1
"Energy Star"and "USDA Organic" are examples of ____________________.
market failure
ecolabeling
economy
non-market values
2
Toward the end of the Third Period, policy began to reflect the connection between ___ and ___.
human, environmental health
health, disasters
people, dangers
resources, food
3
The most laws in U.S. environmental policy were enacted in the Third Period.
True
False
4
The amount of product people will buy at a given price if free to do so is called a __________.
cost benefit
supply
treaty
lobbying
5
Economies depend on the environment for __________ and ___________.
goods, services
health, recreation
sunlight, water
stability, money
6
Two examples of services include _______________ and _________________.
sunlight, fresh water
nutrient cycling, purification of air and water
none of the above
both Choice 1 and Choice 2
7
What act requires government agencies to evaluate the environmental impact of a project?
National Environmental Policy Act
Food Security Act
Endangered Species Act
Homestead Act
8
What method is used to compare what is sacrificed or gained by a specific action?
cost benefit
green taxes
command-and-control
subsidy
9
_____ ______ _______ is a decision-making tool that compares an activity's gains and costs.
Support-filled analysis
Short-term analysis
Cost-benefit analysis
Product-demand analysis
10
Two steps of the environmental policy process are_____________ and _______________.
supply, demand
subsidies, taxes
get organized, lobbying
sustainability, resources
11
The study of how resources are used and distributed is called __________.
benefits
markets
economics
costs
12
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), like Greenpeace, influence international policies.
True
False
13
The Homestead Act, like other policies in the 1st Period, focused on _____________.
security
water
land
pollution
14
Markets tend to move toward ________________, where demand for a product matches supply.
equilibrium
value
distribution
quantity
15
The first step of the environmental policy process is __________.
get organized
gain access to policymakers
identify the problem
guide the solution to law
16
______________ is an example of a corporate response to the call for sustainable good/services.
Consumerism
Environmentalism
Ecolabeling
Policy
17
What agency is responsible for monitoring, enforcing, and researching environmental quality?
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
International Environmental Agency (IEA)
Environmental Policy Agency (EPA)
Federal Environmental Agencies (FEA)
18
There are 4 international organizations that promote cooperation between nations.
False
True
19
Which of the following is an example of an approach to Environmental Policy?
command-and-control
buy and save
hook and sink
barter and trade
20
The strength of environmental policy ______________ from state to state.
does not exist
differs
is weak
stays the same
21
Green taxes are commonly used in the United States.
False
True
22
The ______ _______, now 28 nations, can sign treaties and enact regulations in member nations.
European Union
Green tax
World Bank
United Nations
23
A set of general plans/principles for interactions between humans & the environment is ___ ___.
consumer responses
cost-benefit
supply demand
environmental policy
24
In the U.S., laws enacted from the 1780s to the late 1800s reflected the perception that ______
the land and natural resources in the West were endless.
a sustainable future should be a primary goal.
Americans were living in a more polluted area.
the West's natural resources could be used up.
25
This organization promotes free trade and enforces fair trade among its member nations.
Greenpeace
United Nations
Constitution
World Trade Organization
26
Harm to the environment can harm economies.
True
False
27
In making environmental policies, government interacts with ____________.
businesses
organizations
citizens
all of the above
28
________ involves efforts to influence an elected official into supporting a specific interest.
market failure
lobbying
treaty
demand
29
Environmental policies in the 1st Period tried to reduce problems related to ______ expansion.
southern
westward
northern
eastward
30
The 1st Period of Environmental Policy took place from ______________.
the 1780s to late 1800s
1975
never happened
1900-present
31
The Kyoto protocol is an example of a ________________.
policy
subsidy
law
treaty
32
Dense populations during the Third Period led to which 2 problems?
conservation, natural resources
national park systems, national forest systems
overcrowding, disease
increasing resource consumption, pollution
33
Both 1st and 3rd periods of Env. Policy took place in the U.S., impacted environment, & ______.
were not successful
were regulated by the government
were not similar in any way
none of the above
34
The image below is used in the study of _______________.
ethics
science
biology
economics
35
The _______ ________ has 190 members that promote peace and help solve economic problems.
United Nations
World Trade Organization
Kyoto Protocol
European Union