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Sociology Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Sociology Final Exam Review
Sociology Final Exam Review
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Chapter 1-14
Flashcards
30 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
30
Answers
1
Looking at childhood from a global perspective, we find that...
poor society extends childhood much longer than rich nations
childhood is a time for play and learning everywhere.
Rich society extends childhood much longer than poor nations
bio- immaturity is the main factor that defines childhood
2
Talcott Parsons explained that men tend to exhibit ___ behavior, while women are more ___
Instrumental; expressive
early socialization is not critical to personality creation
egalitarian; hierarchical
expressive; instrumental
3
The smallest share of the planet's population lives in ___
high income nations
low income nations
middle income nations
a combination of middle and high
4
Which of the following is every society's most important primary group?
work group
the family
peer group
the play group
5
Social conflict and feminist theories explain that families perpetuate social inequality in U.S. society through ___
encouraging patriarchy
passing on racial and ethnic inequality
inheritance of private property
All of these are correct
6
The dominant values of the U.S. culture have long reflected ___
a belief in equality of condition for all
a belief in personal intuition over science.
a deep respect for the traditions of the past
a belief in individuality
7
Which of the following concepts refers to the "recognized violation of cultural norms"?
Deviance
Crime
Legal infraction
juvenile delinquency
8
Perhaps the most important consequence of the development of mass media and social media has been
ending inequality based on gender
helping people to connect with others in their physical presence.
expanding people's access to information
increasing the degree of democracy
9
In the United States, ___ people tend to vote Democratic; while most ___ people vote republican.
Urban; Rural
High-Income; Low Income
Conservative; Liberal
Rural; Urban
10
The basic idea of labeling theory is that ____
D arises not from what people do but how others respond to what they do
deviance is actually useful in a number of ways
deviance is actually a myth
power has much to do with how a society defines deviance
11
The Thomas theorem states that
people know the world only through their language
situations defined as real are real in their consequences
a role is as a role does
people rise to their level of incompetence
12
The functions of schooling include
socializing the young
helping to integrate a diverse society
all of these are correct
cultural innovation
13
Japan, Canada, and nations of Western Europe are all classified as ___
These countries do not fall into any one category.
low-income countries
high-income countries
middle-income countries
14
Smiling and making polite remarks to people we do not like is an example of ___
idealizing a personal performance
losing face
make another feel embarrassment
exercising power over another
15
In the United States, romantic love __
keeps the divorce rate low
is the culturally ideal reason people marry
all of these responses are correct
is a very stable foundation for marriage
16
Which sociological research method is best used to study social life in a distinctive community such as the Amish?
Secondary analysis
The experiment
Participant observation
The survey
17
Max Weber: Formal organizations are efficient, but that they can have harmful effects. What danger did he see?
Organizations create personal independence
Organizations create conflict among workers
Organizations create alienation
Organizations create social inequality
18
Karl Marx believed that religion
supports social inequality
was a sure sign that revolutionary change was coming
focuses life on the present rather than the future
treats existing society as secular
19
Of the following, which country relies the most on a direct-fee market system to pay for medical treatment?
Great Britain
Japan
The United States
Sweden
20
Symbolic-interaction theory explains how the mass media and social media ___
serve to help society as a whole to operate
shape the reality we experience
distribute social resources to various categories of people
create and perpetuate social inequality
21
In which of the following clusters of states do we find the least racial and ethnic diversity?
Midwest and Plains States
West Coast
South
Southwest
22
By stating that the sociological perspective shows us "strange in the familiar" argues that sociologists...?
believe people who are most familiar to us have some very strange ways
focus on the bizarre elements of society
believe that people often behave in strange ways.
argue that society shapes our decisions.
23
When did the sexual revolution begin?
During the great depression 1930s
During 1940-1960
During the colonial era
1980
24
According to Modernization Theory, nations begin at the __ stage of development and may eventually reach the stage of __
high mass consumption; take off
traditional; high mass consumption
take-off; drive to technological maturity
drive to technological maturity; take-off
25
The problem of functional illiteracy means that
many older people have forgotten the lessons they learned in school
many teachers in U.S. schools do not know how to teach
many young people leave school without having learned basic skills
a significant share of U.S. children never attend school
26
Elijah Anderson describes as "the code of the streets" raises the risk that young people will end up __
having a career in law enforcement
in jail or worse
conforming to conventional morality
doing better than their parents
27
What accounts for the greatest share of the difference in the earnings of working women and men in the U.S.?
differences in education
differences in family responsibilities
gender discrimination in the workplace
the type of work men and women do
28
Which of the following diseases is the biggest killer in today's high income nations?
Heart Disease
Cholera
Influenza
Pneumonia
29
Theoretical approach: claims it is not so much what people do that matters but what meaning they attach to the behavior
Social-Exchange Approach
Social Conflict Approach
Symbolic Interactional Approach
Structural Functionalism Approach
30
With regard to high income nations, dependency theory ____
claims high-I nations prevent low-I countries from "growing for export"
agrees with modernization theory
urges high-income nations to invest in low income nations
claims high-income nations are to blame for global poverty