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2025 BYU Fellow Seminar Flashcards | StudBud
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2025 BYU Fellow Seminar
2025 BYU Fellow Seminar
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Flashcards
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Questions
30
Answers
1
Which skill is most vital when presenting at a scientific conference?
Fast speaking
Memorization
Clear communication
Technical detail
2
What is the primary function of tumor suppressor genes?
Mutate easily
Prevent uncontrolled cell division
Promote cell division
Cause apoptosis
3
Which gene is most commonly mutated in human cancers?
BRCA1
TP53
MYC
EGFR
4
Which molecule initiates the urea cycle in hepatocytes?
Carbamoyl phosphate
Urea
Ornithine
Arginine
5
What does IRB stand for in research ethics?
Internal Research Board
Institutional Review Board
Investigative Rights Body
Institution Review Bureau
6
Which process enables tumors to form new blood vessels?
Angiogenesis
Necrosis
Mitosis
Apoptosis
7
What is the role of chaperonins in cells?
Stabilize mRNA
Assist in protein folding
Degrade misfolded proteins
Mark proteins for export
8
Which thermodynamic quantity determines spontaneity at constant T and P?
Entropy
Internal energy
Enthalpy
Gibbs free energy
9
Which type of cancer originates from epithelial cells?
Sarcoma
Lymphoma
Carcinoma
Leukemia
10
Which technique is used to detect gene expression in cancer cells?
Flow cytometry
RT-qPCR
Western blot
ELISA
11
Which orbital hybridization is found in a trigonal planar molecule?
sp3
sp
dsp3
sp2
12
Which force drives protein folding in aqueous environments?
Ionic interactions
Hydrogen bonding
Van der Waals forces
Hydrophobic effect
13
What type of bond forms between DNA base pairs?
Covalent bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
Disulfide bonds
14
What does 'metastasis' refer to in cancer progression?
Spread of cancer to distant organs
Formation of a primary tumor
Uncontrolled growth
Angiogenesis
15
Which phase of meiosis leads to independent assortment of alleles?
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase II
Prophase II
16
Which acid has the lowest pKa value among common organic acids?
Acetic acid
Benzoic acid
Trifluoroacetic acid
Formic acid
17
Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for reabsorbing glucose?
Collecting duct
Loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
18
Which section of a research paper explains the experiment results?
Introduction
Results
Discussion
Abstract
19
Which file format is best for sharing a research poster digitally?
PDF
JPG
PPTX
DOCX
20
Which hallmark of cancer describes the ability to resist cell death?
Inducing angiogenesis
Enabling replicative immortality
Sustaining proliferation
Evading apoptosis
21
Which graduate degree combines research and medical training?
MD/PhD
DDS
PhD
MPH
22
What is a common ethical concern in human research studies?
Data sharing
Plagiarism
Overfunding
Informed consent
23
Which protein is targeted by many breast cancer therapies?
HER2
CDK4
p53
Estrogen
24
What does a personal statement focus on in fellowship applications?
Academic scores
Lab techniques
Motivation and goals
Writing samples
25
What is the role of p53 in cancer biology?
Suppresses immune response
Promotes angiogenesis
Triggers metastasis
Induces cell cycle arrest or apoptosis
26
Which type of therapy uses the immune system to fight cancer?
Immunotherapy
Radiotherapy
Hormone therapy
Chemotherapy
27
Which virus is linked to cervical cancer development?
Epstein-Barr virus
HPV
HIV
Hepatitis B
28
What is the key regulatory enzyme of glycolysis?
Lactate dehydrogenase
Phosphofructokinase-1
Pyruvate kinase
Hexokinase
29
What should an abstract of a research paper include?
Purpose, methods, key findings
Funding
References
Images
30
Which tool is used to search for scientific articles?
JSTOR
Wikipedia
ScienceDaily
PubMed