4. François Grosjean’s view of bilingualism emphasizes that:

Bilingualism is an integrated, holistic system

3. Which of the following best describes Vivian Cook’s concept of “multicompetence”?

The integrated knowledge of more than one language in a single mind

9. Which example reflects European ELF code-switching based on language similarity?

Saying “map” as “card” from “carte” or “carta”

6. What is the Dynamic Model of Multilingualism?

A model proposing that mixed languages develop new properties

5. Code-switching is now recognized as:

A sophisticated linguistic skill

10. According to Jessner, what is one key advantage multilinguals have in language learning?

Metalinguistic awareness and strategic flexibility

7. According to the presentation, which of the following is considered a sign of metalinguistic awareness?

Approximating, switching, and borrowing across languages

1. What is the primary focus of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF)?

Mutual intelligibility and communicative success

2. According to Ferguson (2009), ELF is best described as:

A self-regulating and hybrid system

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Answers

1
4. François Grosjean’s view of bilingualism emphasizes that:
Only native speakers are true bilinguals
Bilingualism is an integrated, holistic system
Bilinguals can never achieve full fluency in either language
Bilinguals are two monolinguals in one
2
3. Which of the following best describes Vivian Cook’s concept of “multicompetence”?
The transition from L2 to L1 competence
The ability to speak two languages fluently
The integrated knowledge of more than one language in a single mind
A mental system where two languages coexist but remain separate
3
9. Which example reflects European ELF code-switching based on language similarity?
Saying “map” as “card” from “carte” or “carta”
Using “gro-cerías” in Spanglish
Avoiding loanwords completely
Replacing verbs with gestures
4
6. What is the Dynamic Model of Multilingualism?
A model proposing that mixed languages develop new properties
A model supporting English-only policies
A theory stating languages do not influence each other
A fixed hierarchy of language use
5
5. Code-switching is now recognized as:
A teaching error to be avoided
A sign of semi-lingualism
A result of confusion between languages
A sophisticated linguistic skill
6
10. According to Jessner, what is one key advantage multilinguals have in language learning?
Metalinguistic awareness and strategic flexibility
Native-like pronunciation
Resistance to transfer
Use of only one language at a time
7
7. According to the presentation, which of the following is considered a sign of metalinguistic awareness?
Avoiding cognates and loanwords
Memorizing grammar rules
Using only one language to avoid confusion
Approximating, switching, and borrowing across languages
8
8. What term refers to literal translations of idioms from one language into another?
Semantic extensions
Subcategorization transfer
Calques
False friends
9
1. What is the primary focus of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF)?
Mastery of native-speaker grammar
Mutual intelligibility and communicative success
Pronunciation accuracy
Teaching British English globally
10
2. According to Ferguson (2009), ELF is best described as:
A self-regulating and hybrid system
A simplified pidgin language
A stable variety of English
A monolingual speech mode

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