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Med/Vet Tech. Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Med/Vet Tech. Final Review
Med/Vet Tech. Final Review
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Flashcards
168 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
168
Answers
1
Which of these are agranulocytes?
Eosinophils.
Monocytes.
Lymphocytes.
Neutrophils.
2
What's the major lipid constituents in the blood?
Triglycerides
Uric Acid.
Glucose.
Total Cholesterol
3
When a patient in the hospital refuses to have blood drawn, the phlebotomist should...
persuade the patient to comply.
notify a family member.
perform the phlebotomy.
Notify the nurse so the ordering practioner is notified.
4
When performing a butterfly draw using a hand vein...
place the tourniquet on the patient's wrist.
place tourniquet on patient's arm above antecubital fossa.
a torniquet is not required.
place tourniquet on patient's arm below antecubital fossa.
5
The syringe method of draw is useful because...
it allows for control of blood flow.
it allows for greater flexibility and less bulk.
it shows the appearance of blood at the hub.
6
Cell-mediated immunity is...
Antibodies from an external source (mother to infant).
Defenses against pathogens a person is born with (ex. skin).
Specific response to specific foreign substances.
The production of T-cells that bind/destroy infected cells.
7
Which has a higher value in a capillary sample as opposed to a venous serum sample?
Calcium.
Total Protein.
Potassium.
Hemoglobin.
8
Which blood vessels are a single cell in thickness?
Capillaries.
Arteries.
Arterioles.
Veins.
9
What is the purpose of a neutrophil?
Releases Herparin/Histamine.
Kills parasites and controls inflammation/allergies.
Phagocytizes small particles.
Phagocytizes large particles.
10
Which plasma protein is highest in percentage?
Fibrinogens.
Globulins.
Regulatory Proteins.
Albumin.
11
Which of these are viruses?
Tetanus.
Diphtheria.
Pertussis.
Measles.
12
Complete clotting of a sample in SST (gold/red-gray) tubes takes how many minutes at room temp?
30 minutes.
45 minutes.
60 minutes.
10 minutes.
13
Hemoconcentration is...
flow of blood to collection tube to needle to patient vein.
destruction of RBCs.
alteration in the ratio of elements in the blood.
lack of lymph fluid movement.
14
Passive immunity is...
Production of antibodies that circulate in the bloodstream.
Antibodies from an external source (mother to infant).
Defenses against pathogens a person is born with (ex. skin).
Specific response to specific foreign substances.
15
What is the purpose of a eosinophil?
Kills parasites and controls inflammation/allergies.
Phagocytizes small particles.
Phagocytizes large particles.
Releases heparin/histamine.
16
The last four questions were symptoms of..
Type 2 Diabetes.
Gestational Diabetes.
Type 1 Diabetes.
Drug-Induced Diabetes.
17
Which lab test doesn't assist in diagnosing HIV infection?
Anti-HIV antibody.
T-Cell Count.
Western blot.
aPTT.
18
If a stat test is ordered and the patient is not in their room, you should...
postpone the collection.
wait in the patient's room until they return.
locate the patient.
leave request at nurse's station for nurse to do the draw.
19
Reasons for specimen recollection include all of the following except:
using the wrong antiseptic.
prolonged bleeding after needle withdrawal.
contamination by powder from gloves.
incomplete drying of the antiseptic.
20
The second choice vein is the...
Cephalic Vein.
Basilic Vein.
Median Cubital Vein.
21
Normal uric acid values for women are..
4.0-8.5 mg/dL.
2.5-7.5 mg/dL.
6.0 mg/dL.
22
What is total cholesterol a sum of?
HDL, LDL, and VLDL measurements.
LDL and VLDL.
HDL and LDL.
HDL and VLDL.
23
Which leukocyte is known as a phagocyte?
Neutrophil.
Eosinophil.
Lymphocyte.
Basophil.
24
At what level does the blood pressure cuff remain during a BT test?
10 mm Hg.
40 mm Hg.
50 mm Hg.
20 mm Hg.
25
Uric Acid Test (Blood Analysis) determines...
How much uric acid is in the kidneys.
How much uric acid is in the urine.
how much uric acid is in the blood.
How much uric acid is in the stomach.
26
What is "hypertriglyceridemia"?
A normal level of fat (triglycerides) in the blood.
A low level of fat (triglycerides) in the blood.
A high level of fat (triglycerides) in the blood.
27
Which color-coded tube does not contain any additives?
Red, plastic tube.
Royal blue.
Gold BD Hemogard Closure.
Red, glass tube.
28
Which blood type is the universal recipient?
Group AB.
Group A.
Group B.
Group O.
29
Which vein lies close to the brachial artery?
Basilic vein.
Iliac vein.
Cephalic vein.
Median cubital vein.
30
Good luck on your finals! You'll do great!
I know I will!
My hope has been crushed long, long ago.
I'm going to fail.
I have hope!
31
Conditions that alter the quality of a specimen/cause harm during a blood draw include...
mastectomies.
hematomas.
edematous tissue.
32
In performing a dermal puncture, the puncture should be...
perpendicular to the whorls of the fingerprint.
on the edge of the finger.
on the tip of the finger.
aligned with the whorls of the fingerprint.
33
What does a blood glucose level of 125 mg/dL indicate?
Prediabetes.
Normal.
Hypoglycemic.
Diabetes.
34
Blood collection tubes containing an anticoagulant should be...
allowed to sit for thirty minutes before centifugation.
shaken aggressively after blood collection.
centrifuged immediately.
inverted gently and repeatedly after blood collection.
35
Blood collected in light blue-topped tubes is used for which test?
Toxicology.
Glucose tolerance.
Sedimentation rate.
Coagulation.
36
Autoimmune disease occurs when...
the immune system overreacts to an antigen.
an individual can't mount an effective immune response.
the immune system makes a mistake and attacks the body.
37
What are the functions of blood?
Distribution/Transport of nutrients/wastes/gases/etc.
Maintenance of pH (7.35).
Communication (hormones).
Prevention of fluid loss (homeostasis, osmosis).
38
If neither Anti-A or Anti-B serum agglutinate, what blood type is it?
B.
AB.
A.
O.
39
Plasma constitutes what percentage of total blood volume?
80%.
92%.
45%.
55%.
40
Immunodeficiency occurs when...
an individual can't mount an effective immune response.
the immune system overreacts to an antigen.
the immune system makes a mistake and attacks the body.
41
Which of these are bacteria?
Pertussis.
Rubella.
Measles.
Mumps.
42
Which plasma protein is lowest in percentage?
Albumin.
Fibrinogen.
Globulins.
Regulatory Proteins.
43
In the lag phase, bacteria..
active growth stage.
death rates are higher than reproductive rates.
reproduction/death rates equalize.
are adapting to their environment.
44
How frequently is the blood wicked during a BT test?
Every five seconds.
Every thirty seconds.
Every ten seconds.
Every forty-five seconds.
45
Which immunoglobulin protects against worms/is responsible for allergic reactions?
IgG.
IgE.
IgA.
IgD.
46
Which immunoglobulin is in charge of specific responses?
IgM.
IgE.
IgA.
IgG.
47
Hypouricemia (too little uric acid) is usually associated with...
Liver/Kidney disease.
Wilson's disease.
Fanconi syndrome.
Alcoholism.
48
Which blood type is the universal donor?
Group B.
Group A.
Group O.
Group AB.
49
What's the cause of Drug-Induced Diabetes?
Autoimmune disease.
Medication that cause higher blood glucose.
Insulin Resistance.
Pregnancy (3rd trimester).
50
How long can packed cells be stored for?
10 days.
35 days.
365 days.
42 days.
51
What are lipids used for?
Energy (Short Term).
Energy (Long Term).
Insulation.
Combating disease.
52
"Polyphasia" means...
"Eating a lot."
"A lot of thirst."
"A lot of urine."
"Glucose urine."
53
Which immunoglobulin protects against pathogens?
IgG.
IgH.
IgD.
IgA.
54
Lymphostasis is...
destruction of RBCs.
flow of blood to collection tube to needle to patient vein.
lack of lymph fluid movement.
alteration in the ratio of elements in the blood.
55
Which immunoglobulin is in charge of first response?
IgG.
IgM.
IgA.
IgE.
56
Normal uric acid values for men are..
4.0-8.5 mg/dL.
2.5-7.5 mg/dL.
6.0 mg/dL.
57
In the decline phase, bacteria...
death rates are higher than reproductive rates.
are adapting to their environment.
are in active growth stage.
reproduction and death rates equalize.
58
Which organ is not included in the lymphatic system?
Tonsils.
Thymus.
Liver.
Spleen.
59
In the stationary phase...
reproduction and death rates equalize.
are in active growth stage.
are adapting to their environment.
death rates are higher than reproductive rates.
60
What is glucose?
A type of sugar that acts as chief energy source.
A hormone attached to cell membranes for transportation.
61
Blood banks use which gauge needle to collect blood from donors for transfusions?
23 to 25.
16 to 18.
22 to 23.
20 to 22.
62
The following can occur if the tourniquet is left on the patient too long:
Occluded radial pulse.
Hemoconcentration.
Nerve damage.
Hematoma.
63
The most common antiseptic used in routine venipucture is...
chlorhexidine gluconate.
bleach.
povidone-iodine solution.
isopropyl alcohol.
64
Povidone-iodine is not recommended for...
blood cultures.
blood gas draws.
blood alcohol draws.
dermal punctures.
65
What's the cause of Gestational Diabetes?
Pregnancy (3rd trimester).
Pregnancy (1st trimester).
Insulin Resistance.
Autoimmune Disease.
66
Hemolysis is...
flow of blood to collection tube to needle to patient vein.
destruction of RBCs.
lack of lymph fluid movement.
alteration in the ratio of elements in the blood.
67
What's the target range for triglycerides?
50-100 mg/dL.
70-120 mg/dL.
80-130 mg/dL.
60-110 mg/dL.
68
Capillary collections are performed on...
arterioles.
arteries.
veins.
capillaries.
69
To enhance vein prominence, you can...
apply a cold pack.
tap the antecubital area with index/middle finger.
elevate the arm in an upward position.
squeeze the patient's wrist.
70
Which vein is often the only one that can be palpated in an obese patient?
Cephalic vein.
Median Vein
Iliac Vein.
Basilic Vein.
71
Acquired/Adaptive immunity is...
Defenses against pathogens a person is born with (ex. skin).
Production of antibodies that circulate in bloodstream.
Specific response to specific foreign substances.
Antibodies from an external source (mother to infant).
72
Ways to lower high cholesterol include..
Avoid omega-3's.
Eating more trans-fat (baked goods, margarine, etc).
Have an egg.
Getting rid of belly fat.
73
What are saturated fats?
Liquid at room temperature.
Solid at room temperature.
Olive Oil.
Butter.
74
"Polysuria" means...
"A lot of thirst."
"Glucose urine."
"A lot of urine."
"Eating a lot."
75
What is the cause of Type 1 Diabetes mellitus?
Autoimmune disease.
Loss of self-tolerance.. T-Cells attacking pancreas.
Insulin Resistance.
Medication Reactions.
76
If Anti-A serum does not agglutinate, but Anti-B serum does, what blood type is it?
A.
O.
B.
AB.
77
Once certified, what must a phlebotomist earn to ensure continued certification?
CEUs.
A degree.
Licensing points.
Accreditation.
78
How is the RBC shape (biconcave disk) helpful?
Increases the surface area for gas diffusion.
Places cell membrane closer to oxygen carrying hemoglobin.
Helps make the cells distinguishable among other cells.
Increases the flexibility of the cell.
79
Upon entering a patient's room, you should first...
identify the patient.
assemble your equipment.
put on your gloves.
introduce yourself.
80
What are causes of high triglycerides?
Being overweight/obese.
Pregnancy.
Hypothyroidism.
Chronic stress.
81
Which of the following is not an anticoagulant?
EDTA.
Sodium citrate.
Polymer gel.
Sodium heparin.
82
A group of inherited disorders marked by increased bleeding times is known as..
leukemias.
anemias.
hemophilias.
polycythemias.
83
An infant heel-warming device should be applied for approximately...
Thirty seconds.
Three to five minutes.
Eight to ten minutes.
One to two minutes.
84
Another name for a WBC is..
leukocyte.
reticulocyte.
electrolyte.
erythrocyte.
85
An increase in the ratio of formed elements to plasma is called...
hemolysis.
hemoconcentration.
hematoma.
petechiae.
86
What do functions of total cholesterol include?
Fat digestion.
Breaking down food into glucose, galactose, and fructose.
Building block for hormones.
Creating cell membranes and bile acids.
87
During the venipuncture procedure, the tourniquet should stay on no longer than...
45 seconds.
2 minutes.
30 seconds.
1 minute.
88
Small red spots on the skin are referred to as...
hematoma.
hemolysis.
petechiae.
hemoconcentration.
89
EDTA prevents coagulation in blood tubes by...
binding calcium.
inactivating thrombin.
inhibiting glycolysis.
inactivating thromboplastin.
90
Which cellular component is responsible for the transport of hemoglobin?
Electrolytes.
RBCs.
WBCs.
Plasma.
91
Which finger is most widely used for capillary collection?
Ring (fourth digit).
Index (second digit).
Pinky (fifth digit).
Thumb (first digit).
92
The smaller the gauge number...
the shorter the needle.
the smaller the luman diameter.
the longer the needle.
the larger the lumen diameter.
93
Serum contains...
plasma.
fibrinogen.
clotting factors.
none of the above.
94
Collapsed veins can be caused by...
too large a needle for the vein.
the plunger being pulled to quickly.
too much vacuum asserted on the vessel.
95
FASTEST ANSWER GETS THE MOST POINTS, HIT ANYTHING.
HIT SOMETHING!
GO!
ANYTHING!
QUICKLY!
96
Which of the following could be cause of hemolysis?
Using a needle larger than 23 gauge.
Allowing blood to run down the side when using a syringe.
Drawing blood too slowly into a syringe.
Vigorously mixing the tubes.
97
In the log phase, bacteria...
are in active growth stage.
death rates are higher than reproductive rates.
reproduction and death rates equalize.
are adapting to their environment.
98
What is insulin?
A type of sugar that acts as chief energy source.
A hormone attached to cell membranes for transportation.
99
In the circulatory system, gas exchange occurs in the..
venules.
arteries.
veins.
capillaries.
100
At what angle should a venipuncture needle penetrate the skin?
45 degrees.
10 to 15 degrees.
15 to 30 degrees.
30 to 40 degrees.
101
Which vein is the first choice for venipuncture?
Iliac vein.
Basilic vein.
Cephalic.
Median cubital.
102
What is the purpose of a lymphocyte?
Provides immunity.
Phagocytizes large particles.
Phagocytizes small particles.
Kills parasites and controls inflammation/allergies.
103
Which test result is not affected by patient position?
Albumin.
Enzymes.
Cholesterol.
Blood alcohol.
104
Which of these are granulocytes?
Basophils.
Eosinophils.
Lymphocytes.
Neutrophils.
105
Phlebotomy skills would not include...
being able to handle stress.
handling patient correspondence.
organization.
interpersonal skills.
106
If asked to perform a venipuncture on an inpatient who's not wearing an ID band, you should...
notify the physician.
ask patient's nurse to attach new ID band before resuming.
identify the patient and perform the venipuncture.
refuse to perform the venipuncture.
107
What are unsaturated fats?
Solid at room temperature.
Olive oil.
Butter.
Liquid at room temperature.
108
Capillary collection may be appropriate in geriatric patients because...
most geriatric patients require only one blood test.
their veins tend to be small and fragile.
tourniquets are hard to place in this patient group.
they are likely to be obese.
109
Helper T-Cells are needed to make...
antibodies.
interleukins.
antigens.
cytokines.
110
What is "hypercholesterolemia"? What value is considered to fall under this?
Low amounts of cholesterol in blood... Less than 150 mg/dL.
Normal amounts of cholesterol in blood... 150-200 mg/dL.
High amounts of cholesterol in blood... 200+ mg/dL.
111
Which fat has a double bonds/kinky tails and are flexible?
Saturated.
Unsaturated.
112
If Anti-Serum/Anti-D agglutinates, the blood is...
Rh Positive.
Rh Negative.
113
Ways to reduce uric acid levels include...
Drinking lots of water (8-16 glasses).
Avoid sugary drinks.
Eating less vitamin C.
Eating more purine rich foods.
114
What is Uric Acid?
A chemical produced when your body breaks down pyrimidines.
A chemical produced when your body breaks down purines.
115
The depth of a heel puncture should not be more than...
2.0 mm.
1.5 cm.
3.0 mm.
2.0 cm.
116
Tubes with green tops may contain...
sodium citrate.
sodium oxalate.
sodium heparin.
sodium phosphate.
117
What can high cholesterol cause?
Transient ischemic attacks.
Artery disease, chest pains, "little strokes."
Atherosclerosis.
Angina.
118
Which sample(s) is/are collected first in a capillary collection?
Complete blood counts.
Chemistry tests.
Platelet counts.
119
What is oxidized LDL?
Value representing the amt. of healthy cholesterol in body.
Value representing the amt. of damaged cholesterol in body.
120
Blood type is determined by...
The presence/absence of blood group antigens on the RBCs.
The presence/absence of blood group antigens on the WBCs.
The presence/absence of blood group antigens on platelets.
121
Veins and arteries are composed of how many layers?
Four.
Two.
One.
Three.
122
What is the purpose of a basophil?
Releases heparin/histamine.
Phagocytizes small particles.
Provides immunity.
Kills parasites and controls inflammation/allergies.
123
Hypersensitive reactions occur when...
the immune system overreacts to an antigen.
the immune system makes a mistake and attacks the body.
an individual can't mount an effective immune response.
124
Which medication does not interfere with the BT test?
Aspirin.
Ibuprofen.
Salycylates.
125
The location for heel sticks is the...
arch.
medial or lateral borders of the plantar surface.
posterior surface.
center of the planter surface.
126
Which fat has NO double bonds/kinky tails and are NOT flexible?
Saturated.
Unaturated.
127
The last choice vein is the...
Median Cubital Vein.
Basilic Vein.
Cephalic Vein.
128
Which characteristic is not a required personal characteristic of a professional phlebotomist?
Honesty.
Sense of humor.
Compassion.
Dependability.
129
Hyperuricemia (too much uric acid) is usually associated with...
Gout.
Increased cell death.
Kidney disorders.
Bone Marrow Disorders.
130
Hematomas can be caused by...
removing the tourniquet after removing the needle.
removing the tourniquet before removing the needle.
withdrawing the needle before removing the last tube.
withdrawing the needle too quickly.
131
The additive sodium citrate is used in blood collection to test for...
lead.
blood alcohol.
lactic acid.
prothrombin time.
132
"Polydipsia" means...
"A lot of urine."
"A lot of thirsty."
"Glucose urine."
"Eating a lot."
133
What is the cause of Type 2 Diabetes?
Autoimmune disease.
Insulin Resistance.
Drug-Induced side effects.
Pregnancy (3rd trimester).
134
The monitoring system for institutions thatt rain phlebotomists in known as...
licensure.
certification.
CEUs.
accreditation.
135
To avoid reflux of an anticoagulant, you should do all of the following except:
remove last tube from needle before removing the tourniquet.
keep the patient's arm elevated above the heart.
allow the tube to fill from the bottom up.
Remove last tube from needle before removing the needle.
136
A lipid is made of...
Glucose and two fatty acids.
Glucose and three fatty acids.
Glycerol and two fatty acids.
Glycerol and three fatty acids.
137
Tubes with gray tops are used for...
glucose tolerance tests.
coagulation studies.
CBC.
sedimentation rate tests.
138
What are some tests related to glucose/insulin levels?
HbA1c Test.
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test.
Postprandial Test.
FBS Test.
139
How many times may a needle be used before discarding it?
Two.
Three.
One.
No limit.
140
Blood collected in lavender-topped tubes is used for which test?
Stat potassium.
CBC.
Stat chemistry.
FBS.
141
Which of the following indicated the largest sized needle?
16 gauge.
21 gauge.
23 gauge.
20 gauge.
142
What is the target insulin range?
17-25 mg/dL.
5-17 mg/dL.
50+ mg/dL.
25-49 mg/dL.
143
Which laboratory department may require special patient ID?
Macrobiology.
Blood bank.
Hematology.
Chemistry.
144
If Anti-A serum agglutinates, but Anti-B serum does not, what blood type is it?
AB.
A.
O.
B.
145
Informed consent means...
patients are told of treatments/their risks before hand.
patients waive their rights.
phlebotomist may draw blood without patient's permission.
patients must ask physicians if they can have blood drawn.
146
What does a blood glucose level of 65-99 mg/dL indicate?
Hypoglycemic.
Normal.
Diabetes.
Prediabetes.
147
The first choice vein is the..
Basilic Vein.
Cephalic Vein.
Median Cubital Vein.
148
Innate immunity is..
Production of antibodies that circulate in bloodstream.
Specific response to specific foreign substances.
Defenses against pathogens a person is born with (ex. skin).
Antibodies from external source (mother to infant).
149
When an artery is inadvertently stuck during collection, which of these statements isn't true?
Pressure should be applied for 10 minutes.
The blood may spurt or pulse into the tube.
The blood may be bright red.
The sample should be labeled as usual.
150
When should the tourniquet be removed from the arm in a veinpuncture procedure?
The tourniquet should be removed.
Before the needle is withdrawn.
As the needle is withdrawn.
After the needle is withdrawn.
151
Tourniquets should be placed how many inches above the venipuncture site?
One to two.
Four to five.
Three to four.
Two to three.
152
Which is a purpose of the requisition?
Identifying the patient.
Determining the specimens to be collected.
Allowing the equipment needed for collection to be gathered.
153
A characteristic of arteries is...
They carry blood towards the heart.
They're composed of a single layer of endothelial cells.
They have a thick muscle layer lining the lumen.
They have valves along the lumen.
154
Humoral immunity is...
Defenses against pathogens a person is born with (ex. skin).
Production of antibodies that circulate in the bloodstream.
Specific response to specific foreign substances.
Antibodies from an external source (mother to infant).
155
"Glycosuria" means...
"Glucose urine."
"A lot of urine."
"A lot of thirst."
"Eating a lot."
156
How do we identify disease/infection in the lab?
DNA - molecular diagnostics (PCR).
Culture & Sensitivity (zone of inhibition).
Antigens --> specific antibodies --> serum --> serology.
157
The main function of leukocytes is to..
transport lipids.
recycle RBCs.
transport hemoglobin.
protect the body against infection.
158
Platelets remain in the circulation for...
One month.
Ten to twenty days.
Two to five days.
Nine to twelve days.
159
What are low-density lipoproteins?
"Bad" cholesterol... through blood stream. Clogs arteries.
"Good" cholesterol.. arteries --> liver --> out the body.
160
The most common gauge used for a routine venipucture is...
21.
23.
25.
16.
161
If both Anti-A and Anti-B serum agglutinate, what blood type is it?
O.
B.
AB.
A.
162
Good candidates for dermal collection include patients who...
are severely dehydrated.
are obese.
require frequent collection.
163
Tubes containing the SPS anticoagulant are used for...
antibody screen.
blood culture analysis.
HLA studies.
nutritional analysis.
164
An average adult has how many liters of blood?
Seven to eight.
Three to four.
One to two.
Five to six.
165
How long can whole blood be stored for?
35 days.
10 days.
42 days.
365 days.
166
Which information must match on the patient's ID band and the requisition?
DOB.
Patient's name.
ID Number.
167
What is the purpose of a monocyte?
Provides immunity.
Releases heparin/histamine.
Phagocytize large particles.
Kills parasites and controls inflammation/allergies.
168
What are high-density lipoproteins?
"Good" cholesterol.. arteries --> liver --> out the body.
"Bad" cholesterol... through blood stream. Clogs arteries.
