What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?

The Americans With Disabilities Act

What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?

Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke

All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?

a debate between the two leading candidates

How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?

slander is spoken and libel is written

What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?

United States v. Playboy Entertainment

What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?

policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting

Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?

to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power

studbud

AP Government Review 2018 Flashcards | StudBud

AP Government Review 2018

271 termsStudBud Administration10 plays

A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam.

Flashcards271 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 271

Answers

1
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Republican
Democrat
2
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Gratz v. Bollinger
3
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
fiscal federalism
new federalism
dual federalism
cooperative federalism
4
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The 24th amendment
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
5
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
It is longer
It is more in depth
It is nonexistent
it is shorter
6
What agency insures that employees are allowed to organize labor unions?
NLRB
FTC
ICC
SEC
7
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Disabled Accommodation Act
8
In what types of cases is the plaintiff always the government?
criminal
civil
appellate
justiceable
9
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
they have the most registered party members
they raise the most money for the party
they have a larger population
They more reliably vote for the party
10
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
immigrants
migrant workers
native americans
blacks
11
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
the President
bureaucrats
legilslators
interest groups
12
Uncontrollable expenditures result from
tax loopholes
tax indexing
entitlements
deficit spending
13
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
run polls on election day
coordinate campaigns
articulate policies
pick candidates
14
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the courts
the Congress
the President
the states
15
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
Guantanamo
Alcatraz
San Quentin
Los Alamos
16
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The White House Staff
The GOA
The Council on Economic Advisors
The OMB
17
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
Their parties are more organized
They have more parties
They have elections more often
They have more party cohesion
18
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
McClesky v. Kemp
Furman v. Georgia
Gregg v. Georgia
Griswold v. Connecticut
19
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
Superior Courts
The Supreme Court
Circuit Courts
District Courts
20
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
John Locke
Thomas Hobbes
Montesquieu
Adam Smith
21
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
Blacks outnumber hispanics
the population is shifting to the south
We will soon be a majority minority nation
22
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
6
7
5
4
23
The significance of campaign strategy
is generally overstated
is that it typically converts voters
is often underestimated
is that it sets the policy agenda
24
NASA, National Science Foundation & General Services are all examples of
Cabinet positions
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Independent Regulatory Agencies
25
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of sufficiency
the doctrine of currency
26
The Supreme Court has had original jurisdiction in all the following cases EXCEPT
between a state and a country
between 2 or more states
capital punishment cases
between the US and states
27
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Fisher v.University of Texas
Snyder v. Phelps
Texas v. Johnson
28
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
key word / phrasing polls
exit poLling
voter perception
push polls
29
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
the writing of the party platform
a debate between the two leading candidates
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
candidate nomination
30
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
policy elections
primaries
general elections
31
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
slander is spoken and libel is written
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
libel in spoken and slander is written
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
32
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
William McKinley
Andrew Jackson
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
33
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
liberal
conservative
34
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
policy positions
"horserace" coverage
the candidate's voting record
fundraising
35
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Bureaucracy
Judicial
Legislative
Executive
36
What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
United States v. Playboy Entertainment
37
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Schenk v. the United States
Engel v. Vitale
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Gitlow v. New York
38
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Democrat
Republican
39
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
gerrymandering
filibustering
polarization
electioneering
40
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
popular person-based
issue / cause
splinter
revolutionary
41
All of the following indicate an intention to return power to the states from the feds EXCEPT
Nixon's New Federalismj
nullification
extradition
devolution
42
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
support from interest groups
seniority in committee assignments
expanded budget authority
increased staff
43
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
register
think they are in it
attend meetings
pay dues
44
What case established that the government can regulate corporations under the commerce clause?
Sweatt v. Paint
Munn v. Illinois
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Gibbons v. Ogden
45
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
it is nonexistent
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
it is contentious
46
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to rank and file party members would have a voice
to reward big fundraisers
47
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
conservative
liberal
48
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
You vote for Democrats
you get more conservative
you attend to the news
you vote more
49
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Miller v. California
Employment Division v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
Lemon v. Kutzman
50
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
treason charges
unlawful searches
unlawful imprisonment
quartering troops in your home
51
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
register
pay dues
think they are in it
attend meetings
52
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
issue pardons
execute the law
fill vacancies
nominate officials
53
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
54
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
poll taxes
grandfather clauses
primaries
literacy tests
55
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
56
You must prove you have been directly affected to prove that you have this in court
legitimacy
representation
standing
jurisprudence
57
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Santa Clara v. Martinez
Shaw v. Hunt
Reed v. Reed
Shaw v. Reno
58
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
100%
1/2
3/4
2/3
59
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
60
Who are the litigants in a case?
the members of the jury
the judges
the plaintiff and defendent
the lawyers
61
All of the following are ways the President might achieve a policy without passing a law EXCEPT
executive agreements
executive orders
selective enforcement
veto override
62
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
unfunded madates
categorical grants
enumerated powers
block grants
63
How many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
9
10
7
11
64
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Texas v. Johnson
Lawrence v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
Smith v. Texas
65
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
The chief Justice oversees the trial
The House decides the charges
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
66
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
receiving foreign heads of state
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
pardoning criminals
67
If the President cannot get his judges approved by the Senate, what is his/her other option?
a recess appointment
executive order
a veto war
shrink the # of courts
68
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
Miller v. California
69
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Engel v. Vitale
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Gitlow v. New York
Employment Division v. Smith
70
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
editorials are held to a different standard
71
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
Military personnel make up the largest segment
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
72
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
73
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
slow and deliberate
through consesnsus
speedy and swift
impossible
74
The Bill of Rights represents what constitutional principle?
checks and balances
separation of powers
judicial review
limited government
75
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
fiscal federalism
incumbency
concurrent powers
fiscal policy
76
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
writing The Feminine Mystique
Starting Ms. Magazine
founding the National Organization for Women
77
When does a federal judge leave office?
when they choose or die
After 10 years
After 5 years
after a no confidence vote
78
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
trustee
division of labor
instructed delegate
politico
79
What "sole power" does the House of Representative hold, according to the Constitution?
Approve treaties
Taxation
Declare War
Impeachment
80
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
81
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
wealth
sexual orientation
religion
gender
82
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
iis a requirement in a democracy
may be ideal but isn't realistic
iis accurate
shows that party strength is on the rise
83
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Escobedo v. Illinois
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
84
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
running for office
petitioning
voting
protest
85
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the equal protection clause
elastic clause
the free exercise clause
the due process clause
86
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
an executive order by the Governor
a court order
the state legislative baody banned it
an initiative was passed
87
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to energize the party faithful
to advertise the candidate
to debate policy openly
to officially nominate a candidate
88
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
Mapp v. Ohio
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
Gregg v. Georgia
89
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
90
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
property owner
male
white
Christian
91
What was the first form of mass media?
daily newspapers
telegraph
radio
television
92
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the candidate
the party
interest groups
the bureaucracy
93
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
U.S. v. Lopez
U.S. v. Nixon
Schechter Poultry v. U.S.
Butler v. U.S.
94
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Mapp v. Ohio
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
95
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Roe v. Wade
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gideon v. Wainwright
96
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
liberal
conservative
97
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
Warren Burger
Earl Warren
William Rehnquist
John Roberts
98
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
Clinton
Reagan
H,W. Bush
W. Bush
99
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Democrat
Republican
100
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
The Chief Magistrate
the U.S. Marshalls
The Solicitor General
The Chief Justice
101
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Republican
Democrat
102
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
all war reporters are members of the military
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
103
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Reagan
Nixon
H.W. Bush
Goldwater
104
The most common vehicle the government uses to borrow money is
bond sales
sequestration
foreign banks
tax loopholes
105
What is the purpose of a caucus in the House, Senate or made of both Reps and Senators?
To iron differences out on controversial topics
To stop legislation
To stop amendments
To focus their collective energy of a specific area
106
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
conservative
liberal
107
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
eliminated the public funding option
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
required reporting of PAC contributions
108
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
liberal
conservative
109
What constitutes a "diversity citizenship" case?
bankruptcy supervision
admiralty and maritime law
naturalization
civil suits from those in different states over $75000
110
What gov't agency makes sure that commercial speech is truthful & concerns lawful activity?
Securities and Exchange
Federal Reserve
Federal Trade Commission
Interstate Commerce Commission
111
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the state's House Reps
the state's senators
the state's governor
the Supreme Court
112
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
113
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
They are avoiding media attention
they participate in debates
they increase campaign spending
they are taking clear positions on issues
114
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
the nightly news
interviews with media
a poll
tv ads
115
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are longer but cheaper
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
They are shorter but more expensive
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
116
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
assemble
vote
free speech
pray
117
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
Craig v. Boren
Reed v. Reed
Schaffley v. Hoke
ERA v. Hunt
118
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
119
This amendment ended slavery
12th
13th
14th
15th
120
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they were unanimous
they want to lower courts to retry it
they defer to the lower court ruling
they tied
121
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
a warrant
writ of certiori
oral argument
opinion
122
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
to produce a party platform
To raise money
To select a candidate for the general election
To build enthusiasm
123
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
impeachment
judicial review
judge appointments
file amicus curiae briefs
124
How many levels are the federal court system?
two
three
five
four
125
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
politicians must take clear positions on issues
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
The Conservative Era was over
126
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
The Senate and President are from different parties
it is the end of the President's second term
the nominee is relatively unknown
the nominee is older
127
The effect of iron triangles is typically
pluralism
socialism
hyperpluralism
elitism
128
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
the 14th amendment
The Bill of Rights
the Preamble
The Declaration of Independence
129
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title IX
Title V
Title XI
Title XX
130
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The House of Representatives
The Senaste
The Electoral College
The President
131
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
18th
20th
17th
132
Which of the following can the President do?
Initiate constitutional amendments
Declare war
Initiate laws
veto laws
133
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
polling and policy positions
information management and mobilization
patronage
converting voters
134
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
inaccessibility
disability
exclusion
accommodation
135
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
8th
10th
12th
11th
136
Over time, national party conventions have become less
contentious
predictable
fun
attended
137
A judge appointed as a recess appointment can serve for no longer than
1 year
3 years
6 months
2 years
138
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
15th
12th
13th
14th
139
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Roe v. Wade
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gideon v. Wainwright
140
This program provides pensions for the handicapped, orphaned, blind and elderly
Medicare
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Medicaid
Social Security
141
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Public Broadcasting Corporation
Securities and Exchange Commission
Federal Trade Commission
Federal Communications Commission
142
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Hearst and Pulitzer
Smith and Wesson
Raymour and Flanigan
Cooper and Flanigan
143
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Democrats and Whigs
Republicans and Democrats
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Know Nothings and Whigs
144
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
party identification
incumbency advantage
selective perception
media culture
145
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
electors
delegates
voters
party leaders
146
The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that
The federal government was regulating trade within states
the stock market must be reformed
farm subsidies are illegal
government regulation is illegal
147
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
they are more common than caucuses
there is a ballot
states have them on different dates
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
148
Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the federal government have?
to create courts
to tax
negotiate treaties
to regulate interstate trade
149
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
NY Times v. Sullivan
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
150
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
appointments
declare war
veto
tax
151
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
eliminate agencies
reorganize budgets
issue executive orders
appointments
152
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
religion
race
age
gender
153
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
the success of our democracy given how little we know
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
how much people complain given how few vote
154
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
fundraising
protesting
voting
ticket-splitting
155
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
advertising
patronage
providing government services
voter fraud
156
Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?
He stepped down after 3 years
He "flipped" to the conservative side
He criticized Ike's response to the Little Rock Crisis
He "flipped" to the liberal side
157
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became apathetic towards the government
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became more protective of the president
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
158
When a newly elected president claims his/her policies should be enacted, they are claiming
state of the union
bully pulpit
neutral competence
electoral mandate
159
What IS and what is NOT present in a Court of Appeals trial?
attorneys, judges
3 judges, witnesses
4 judges, law fairies
5 judges, juries
160
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Tinker v. DesMoines
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
161
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
retiring officials that become lobbyists
legislation that has wide appeal
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
162
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
163
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
Electioneering during work hours
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
Leaking information to the press
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
164
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
They opposed federal taxation
They feared a stronger federal power.
165
This amendment provided for the direct election of senators.
16th
18th
17th
19th
166
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
the power of interest groups
strong parties
primaries
short terms
167
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
political parties are involved in electioneering
Parties have legislative goals
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
political parties offer selective benefits
168
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
the state governments
all governments in the US
only the federal government
only the executive power
169
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Republicans
Democrats
170
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
5
4
6
7
171
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the states
the Suoreme Court
the U.S. Congress
the voters through referendum
172
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
lobbyists
less red tape
more authority and bigger budgets
endorsements
173
Which amendment provided for an income tax?
12th
16th
15th
10th
174
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Miranda v. Arizona
Swann v . Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Baker v. Carr
Gideon v. Wainwright
175
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
they produce issue ads
They are for profit taxable organizations
they disclose the names of contributors
They coordinate closely with candidates
176
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
blanket
closed
bicameral
open
177
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They provide endorsements
They know the election laws in that state
They raise most of the money
They do polling
178
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
Hatch Act
Pendleton Act
The McKinley Act
The Stalwart Law
179
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
They feared a strong federal government
They felt the states were too powerful
They wanted a democracy
180
Which courts have original jurisdiction in some cases?
District only
District and Appeals
Supreme and District
Supreme and Appeals
181
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Democratic
Dixiecrat
Republican
Whig
182
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
The Equal Rights Amendment
Fuel Independence
Gay Rights
Tutle IX
183
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
the early states are not representative of the US population
few people participate
the early states get too much attention
it caters to low information voters
184
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
gender
religion
age
race
185
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Shaw v. Reno
Craig v. Boren
Reed v. North Carolina
harris v. Forklift Systems
186
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the Supreme Court
the district courts
the circuit courts
187
What president failed in his efforts to "pack" the Supreme Court with 6 more justices?
Franklin Roosevelt
John Kennedy
Richard Nixon
Teddy Roosevelt
188
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
22nd
25th
24th
23rd
189
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Freedom Act
Wikileaks Act
Protect America Act
Patriot Act
190
Franking is
a duty given to US elected officials
Unregulated
Illegal
a privilege granted to US elected officials
191
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
They must be unaninmous
they are either concurring or dissenting
All are written by the Chief Justice
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
192
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
They coordinate closely with their candidate
they tend to support incumbents
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
their donors can remain anonymous
193
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
194
Teacher led prayers violate the
due process clause
free exercise clause
no establishment clause
equal protectiion clause
195
This case ruled the gov't. can't require private organizations to turn over membership lists
Miranda v. Arizona
Mapp v. Ohio
NAACP v. Alabama
Gregg v. Georgia
196
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a microphone
a light saber
a pen
a shovel
197
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
district
federal
appellate
state
198
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
199
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
Independent Executive Agencies
200
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that banned soft money
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
the part that banned hard money
the part that said you must take public funding
201
Who makes up the interpreting population for the court system?
criminals
police officers & teachers
attorneys
lawyers and judges
202
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the elastic clause
the equal protection clause
the necessary and propoer clause
the due process clause
203
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
staffing requirements
inflation
new state election laws
television
204
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
asians
migrant workers
women
hispanics
205
Another term for prior restraint is
censorship
subpoena
warrant
arrest
206
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
inherent powers
free exercise
original intent
judicial activism
207
What is the largest source of revenue coming into the US government?
Corporate taxes
Fuel taxes
Income taxes
Tariffs
208
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Cabinet positions
209
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Harris v. Forklift Systems
Reed v. Reed
Employment Division v. Smith
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
210
One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is
filing class action lawsuits
rule-making
iron triangles
passing laws
211
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
24 hour news channels
consolidation of news outlets
Internet ads
the prevalence of sound bites
212
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
Gibbons v. Ogden
U.S. v. Lopez
McCullough v. Maryland
213
What case established broadcasting can be regulated at a higher standard than newspapers?
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
Miller v, California
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
214
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The Geneva Convention
The Enduring Freedom Act
The War Powers Resolution
The Patriot Act
215
What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?
fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism
Cooperative federalism caused fiscal federalism
cooperative federalism canceled fiscal federalism
You can only have one or the other, not both
216
What case established it is constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
Tinker v. DesMoines
217
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
McCain v. BCRA
US v. Nixon
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
218
Al the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
taxation
printing currency
establishing courts
police power
219
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
joint committee
casework
conference committee
caucus
220
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
safety valve for popular discontent
motivate more people to vote
make elections less volatile
inject new issues into the policy agenda
221
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions, unconstitutionally:
due process
judicial restraint
strict constructionism
judicial activism
222
How long do national party conventions typically last?
1 week
3 days
4 days
1 day
223
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
low information
idealogues
nature of the times
groups benefits
224
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
politico model
agency model
instructed delegate model
trustee model
225
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
Fletcher v. Peck
Marbury v. Madison
McCullough v. Maryland
Gibbons v. Ogden
226
What indicator is most significantly correlated with presidential approval ratings?
character ratings
economic indicators
foreign policy achievements
gold medals earned by the US at the Olympics
227
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being educated
being female
being young
being wealthy
228
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
Only 12 states hold them
the whole process takes one day
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
229
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
they have become more informed
They have voted more often
they have become more ideological
They have less trust in the governmnt
230
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
gender
race
religion
wealth
231
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
age
race
gender
sexual orientation
232
What action is Congress's best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
regulations
amendements
impeachment
legislation
233
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
required candidtes to take public funds
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
limited contributions
required reporting of income/spending
234
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
They are inherently patriotic
They might alienate viewers
they need access to government officials
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
235
Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?
They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof
They cycle out after each presidential election
It is hard to find new people willing to take the exams
They generally quit before they can be fired
236
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
abortion
police
zoning
school
237
The distance between a law and implentation is called
bureaucratic distance
administrative discretion
slippage
appellate jurisdiction
238
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
voter apathy
rapid passage of laws
runaway spending
separation of powers
239
When Sen. Majority Leade Reid cut the # of votes needed to approve judges it was deemed
sequestration
free exercise
the filibuster
the nuclear option
240
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
Griswold v. Connecticut
Reynolds v. United States
241
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
treaty approval
taxation bills
declaring war
creating courts
242
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
hearings
approve appintments
lobbying
deregulation
243
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Republican
Democrat
244
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
they focus on issues
they tend to be liberal
They focus on individuals
They focus on odd/ unusual
245
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
liberal
conservative
246
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
patronage
due diligence
due process
merit system
247
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
248
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
why we have polarization
Why we have two parties
Why third parties tend to fail
why we don't have radical parties in the US
249
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but that have that affect are ok
Employment Division v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
Barron v. Baltimore
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
250
The largest portion of DISCRETIONARY federal spending goes to
defense
education
medicare
foreign aid
251
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all agents of socialization
They are all potential groups
They are all informal
They are all interest groups
252
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
100%
50% +1
2/3 or 75%
the largest percentage of all candidates
253
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
Germans and Italians should also be interned
254
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
giving free tv time to candidates
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
making it easier to register to vote
making it harder to get on the ballot
255
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being nominated
They are being prepped for a debate
They are fiundraising
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
256
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They need Senate approval
They indicate the President's intentions
They need UN approval
They are binding for the next President
257
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer during questioning if requested?
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
258
How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?
The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes
The CBO is a partisan organization
The CBO is part of the Federal Reserve
The CBO is a watchdog on the GAO
259
What is casework?
Constituent services
Preparation for committee hearings
research Congressional staffers do for committees
How a lawyer prepares for trial
260
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
cable television
the internet
netflix
satellite tv
261
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
51%
3/4
unanimous
2/3
262
The court case that broadly defined Congress' ability to control trade between states was
Dartmouth v. Woodward
Giibbons v. Ogden
Fletcher v. Peck
McCullough v. Maryland
263
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
264
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
voter apathy
the winner take all system
campaign funding laws
265
What type of primary do political parties like best?
unicameral
closed
blanket
open
266
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
Independent Executive Agencies
267
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to regulate campaign finance
to make delegate selection more democratic
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to streamline platform writing
268
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
269
A disconnect between a law/ statute and the implementation is likely due to
due process
issue networks
adminstrative discretion
regulation
270
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
reserved
granted
enumerated
federalism
271
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
obtain standing
testify
file amicus curiae briefs
hire lobbyists