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Biology Midterm Review 2023 Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology Midterm Review 2023
Biology Midterm Review 2023
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1
Which organelle would you find in plant cells but not animal cells?
mitochondrion
ribosome
chloroplast
endoplasmic reticulum
2
Cancer is a disease in which some cells lose their ability to control their
Spindle fibers
Size
Surface area
Rate of division
3
What is another term used to describe DNA, the hereditary information of the cell?
ribonucleic acid
ribosome
chromatin
nucleus
4
What is the longest part of the cell cycle?
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Telophase
Interphase
5
The hydrogen end of a water molecule acts slightly
negative
positive
6
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23
46
21
15
7
A unique property of water that allows it to stick to other types of molecules is
capillary action
surface tension
cohesion
adhesion
8
Which event occurs during interphase?
the cell grows
centromeres divide
centrioles appear
spindle fibers begin to form
9
Produces CO
2
and H
2
O
Phtosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
10
A unique property of water that allows it to stick to other water molecules is
cohesion
surface tension
capillary action
adhesion
11
Aerobic
Cellular Respiration
Phtosynthesis
12
Which macromolecule is used for insulation?
Lipid
Carbohydrate
Protein
Nucleic Acid
13
6CO
2
+ 6H
2
O → C
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6O
2
Phtosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
14
How many chromosomes are in the daughter cells produced by mitosis?
1
23
46
2
15
How many bonds can a carbon form with other atoms? (HINT: How many valence electrons does carbon have?)
5
2
4
3
16
This structure is where proteins are packaged into vesicles and transported
Lysosome
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi apparatus
17
Which cells contain one member of each chromosome pair?
diploid
haploid
somatic
homozygotes
18
Chromosomes form tetrads during
Anaphase II of meiosis
Interphase
Metaphase I of meiosis
Prophase I of meiosis
19
Produces glucose
Cellular Respiration
Phtosynthesis
20
Gametes are produced by the process of
mitosis
meiosis
crossing over
replication
21
Which macromolecule is a quick source of energy?
Carbohydrate
Nucleic Acid
Protein
Lipid
22
Which cells contain two forms of each trait, one from mom and one from dad?
haploid
diploid
gametes
homozygotes
23
This structure is found in plants, contains chlorophyll, and is responsible for photosynthesis.
mitochondria
vacuole
chloroplast
centriole
24
What is the gamete that contains the genes contributed by the mother?
egg
somate
zygote
sperm
25
Which cell structure contains the cell's genetic material?
cell membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm
organelle
26
A base has a pH above
9
10
7
8
27
What is the name of the phospholipid bilayer that controls what enters and exits the cell?
nuclear wall
nuclear membrane
cell wall
cell membrane
28
What are the basic steps that a biologist would use to gather information and answer questions?
Graphing
Scientific method
Qualitative data
Characteristics of life
29
What is Biology?
The study of life
The study of disease
The study of the human body
The study of the universe
30
Begins with CO
2
and H
2
O
Cellular Respiration
Phtosynthesis
31
Makes ATP molecules
Cellular Respiration
Phtosynthesis
32
Two different parent organisms contribute genetic information
Sexual reproduction
Autosexual reproduction
Unisexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
33
Which organelle releases energy from sugars and other molecules?
mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
chloroplast
endoplasmic reticulum
34
The major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the presence or absence of
a cell membrane
nucleic acids
a nucleus
cytoplasm
35
What is the main function of nucleic acids?
To provide immunity
to store and transmit hereditary information
to provide energy
to function as insulation
36
What is the gamete that contains the genes contributed by the father?
sperm
zygote
egg
somate
37
How many cells result from meiosis?
46
2
4
23
38
How many cells are produced by meiosis?
1
4
2
8
39
Cannot begin without sunlight
Cellular Respiration
Phtosynthesis
40
Life on earth is based on the element
water
gold
carbon
helium
41
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
metaphase
interphase
prophase
cytokinesis
42
These biomolecules are fats, oils, waxes, and steroids
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic acids
43
How many chromosomes do humans have?
44
46
2
23
44
Nucleic acids include
glucose and glycogen
chlorophyll and retinal
DNA and RNA
lipids and sugars
45
How many cells result from mitosis?
4
23
46
2
46
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
two genetically different cells
two genetically identical cells
four genetically different cells
four genetically identical cells
47
In which phase of meiosis does crossing over take place?
Anaphase II
Prophase I
Prophase II
Metaphase I
48
The water molecule is __________, because there is an uneven distribution of electrons within the molecule.
strange
uneven
weird
polar
49
Which structure is located inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes?
ribosome
chromosome
nucleolus
chromatin
50
Which of these is a product of cellular respiration?
all of the above
water
glucose
oxygen
51
Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?
stores DNA
All of the above
contains the information needed to make proteins
directs the activities of the cell
52
Which structures hold and transport proteins?
Vesicles
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
Golgi bodies
53
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
anaphase
prophase
metaphase
telophase
54
Which macromolecule is made of glycerol and fatty acid tails?
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
55
What is a somatic cell?
sex cell
gamete
haploid cell
body cell
56
Light dependent and light independent reactions
Cellular Respiration
Phtosynthesis
57
Long chains of amino acids are found in
proteins
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
lipids
58
A single parent reproducing by itself is
Autosexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
Unisexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
59
How many chromosomes are in the daughter cells produced by meiosis?
23
46
1
2
60
How many chromosomes does a human gamete contain?
46
2
23
4
61
An acid has a pH below
10
8
9
7
62
What is the series of changes that an organism undergoes during its lifetime?
evolution
reproduction
development
adaptation
63
The oxygen end of a water molecule acts slightly
negative
positive
64
What is a test of a hypothesis?
Experiment
Observation
Graph
Data
65
C
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6O
2
→ 6CO
2
+ 6H
2
O
Cellular Respiration
Phtosynthesis
66
Which organelle holds the DNA and all of the information for the cell?
nucleus
mitochondria
ribosome
endoplasmic reticulum
67
The macromolecule that is used for long term energy storage is
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Lipids
68
Biology is the study of
life
earth
the universe
animals
69
An animal cell surrounded by fresh water will burst because osmosis causes
water to move into the cell
solutes to move into the cell
solutes to move out of the cell
water to move out of the cell
70
Which macromolecule contains genetic material?
Protein
Carbohydrate
Nucleic Acid
Lipid
71
Which organelle provides the energy for cellular work?
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
ribosome
nucleus
72
These biomolecules provide energy for our cells. The simplest is glucose, a monosaccharide.
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
73
What is the site of protein synthesis?
chromatin
chromosomes
nucleus
ribosome
74
Water is made of 1 oxygen molecule and _____ hydrogen atoms
3
2
5
1
75
Which macromolecule builds muscle?
Carbohydrate
Nucleic Acid
Protein
Lipid
76
What are the four elements that make up all life?
Helium, oxygen, neon, and carbon
Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon
Hydrogen, titanium, carbon, nitrogen
Oxygen, chlorine, iron, nitrogen
77
What is the name of the gel-like fluid layer that holds the organelles in the cell?
cytoskeleton
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
Cell gel
78
Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?
stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates
regulates which materials enter and leave the cell
breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods
keeps the cell wall in place
79
What is the process by which an organism produces more of its own kind?
Reproduction
Development
Adaptation
Evolution
80
What is another name for a living thing?
Hypothesis
Gene
Ecosystem
Organism
81
These structures are sacs that hold water and ions and are very large in plants
Vesicle
Lysosome
Golgi
Vacuole
82
Begins with C
6
H
12
O
6
and O
2
Phtosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
83
This structure is responsible for digestion and waste removal
Lysosome
Vesicle
Vacuole
Golgi
84
Cytokinesis happens along with which phase of mitosis?
Anaphase
Metaphase
Prophase
Telophase
85
The first phase of mitosis is called
prophase
metaphase
telophase
anaphase
86
Produces C
6
H
12
O
6
and O
2
Cellular Respiration
Phtosynthesis
