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Week 1 Statistics
A variable is
In a probability sample:
Week 1 Statistics
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1
In a probability sample:
Groups are selected
every individual has an equal chance of selection
Certain types of individual are selected
The most convenient individuals are selected
2
A variable is
Something that can vary randomly
A list of numbers with the same characteristics
Something that has a fixed value
A single number
3
What is or are statistics?
The art of describing numbers
The science of interpreting measurements
The science of finding patterns
Numbers that summarise other numbers
4
True or False: The graphs on the right have a larger standard deviation
False
True
5
An explanatory variable is
Also called the independent variable
The experimental unit
The variable that affects other things
A single number
6
Why should your sample represent the population closely?
So that you can make inferences about the whole population
So you can make inferences about parts of the population
7
True or False: You can use the mean to describe the centre of this variable
False
True
8
A good hypothesis is
Disprovable
Falsifiable
Untestable
9
A project's research question is
Something you make up at the end
The key to a good project
Just something that mentions what you are studying
10
A good experimental study...
Does not need to think about confounding variables
Has true controls
Does not need to think about sampling
11
When do we need "inferential" statistics?
We don't
When we want to describe something
When we cannot measure everything
When we take sample
12
The response variable is
The thing being affected by other things
Also called the explanatory variable
The variable that depends on other things
Also called the independent variable
13
What measure of spread should you use for this variable?
Standard deviation
Mean
Range
Interquartile range
14
A good observational study...
Requires control treatments
Considers confounding variables
Does not need to think about sampling
15
Coursework 2 is due
Today at 17:00
The last Monday before Christmas
16
What does the mean of a variable represent?
The most frequent value
The middle value
The central tendency
A typical value
