Speech Notes 2024

Taps into people's desire to show compassion for others

Speech or writing that is false or misleading

Author describes a topic by listing characterists, features, and/or examples

Author states a problem and lists one or more solutions for the problems. Author poses a question and then answers it.

Ironic statement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary. Ex. He is no fool

A brief reference to a person, place, event, or passage in a work of literature or the Bible.

Author lists one or more causes and the resulting effect or effects.

Text Structures- Author explains how two or more things are alike and/or how they are different

Personal; first person ex. "I tried it; you should too!"

Shows the subject of the message in a positive light but provides little or no information; use simple, clever slogans

ETHICAL- appeal based on character, reputation, credibilty of the speaker (trust me)

A figure of speech in which an opposition of ideas is expressed by parallelism of words that are the opposites

Tries to persuade everyone to join in; people don't want to be left out

Two words that are side by side and are opposite of each other (same difference; jumbo shrimp)

Repetition of words or phrases

EMOTIONAL- Appal based on emotions(makes me feel-feelings)

A comparison not using like or as

An error in reasoning Ex: Penguins are black and white. Old TV shows are black and white. So, penguins are old TV shows.

Author lists items or events in order of how they happened, in numerical order, or in time/chronological order

Makes people feel as if their safety, security, or health is in danger

To ask a question to an audience to engage them without having a response from the audience

An exaggeration

LOGIC- Arguement based on logic or reason(facts)

Repetition of consonant sounds. Ex. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.

Giving human characteristics to inanimate objects

Tries to gain moral support for a claim by linking the claim to a widely accepted value

A comparison using like or as