World History - 2nd Semester Review (Vocab)

The shift from making goods by hand to making them by machine

A logical procedure for gathering information about the natural world

The perfection of this drug protected Europeans from becoming infected with Malaria?

What French King borrowed heavily to help the American Revolutionaries?

About what % of the people of France belonged to the 3rd estate?

City neighborhoods in which European Jews were forced to live

_____________, invented in 1884, was the world's first automatic machine gun

The use of troops or ships to prevent commercial traffic from entering a region

Who believed that it was his duty to defend Catholicism against the Muslims

Who was known as Madame deficit?

Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters

An independent geopolitical unit of people having a common culture and identify

What Soviet leader sent troops to occupy the eastern half of Poland?

An adoption of the social, political, or economic institutions of Western countries

Kuomintang refers to what?

A sudden seizure of political power in a nation

The study of the natural world began to be characterized by careful observation

At the Treaty of Versailles, the Allied leaders gave whom the territories were Germanies?

Government control over every aspect of public and private life

A political movement that promotes an extreme form of nationalism

A deliberate and public refusal to obey a law considered unjust

King or Queens who held all of the power within their states boundaries

What Russian leader organized his own police force whose duty was to hunt down traitors?

How many times was King Henry VIII married?

A Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts 

What President declared December 7,1941 as a "date that will live in infamy"?

Who headed the Kuomintang?

A person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business

A wealthy noble who wanted to preserve the traditional monarchies of Europe

The period of Robespierre's rule

The invention of the ____________ allowed Europeans to easily travel on rivers?

The making of concessions to an aggressor in order to avoid war

The nobles owned what % of the land and paid almost no taxes?

A philosophy based on the idea that nothing can be known for certain

A form of complete socialism in which the means of production would be owned by the people

At least how many million Congolese died due to the abuses inflicted during Leopold's rule?

What President said he wanted to educate the Filipinos?

Who invented the seed drill that allowed farmers to sow seeds in well-spaced rows?

Who increased his mutton output by allowing only his best sheep to breed?

A political situation in which no one nation is powerful enough to pose a threat to others

Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe

What President forced Japanese Americans into internment camps?

A policy of avoiding political or military involvement with other countries

Who shot the archduke and his wife?

The practice of burning crops and killing livestock during wartime

By November 1917, who seized power in Russia?

A social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people and wealthy farmers

In the 1300s, the bubonic plague struck European cities hard, killing what % of the people?

Who published Institutes of the Christian Religion? 

The everyday language of people in a region or country

A person who supports artists, especially financially

Who painted portraits of wealthy middle-class merchants?

The process of developing machine production of goods

The belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nation

Who invented the power loom?

For generations, many Germans, along with other Europeans, had targeted what group?

Refers to the economic policy of letting owners of industry and business set working conditions

Armed with pitchforks and other farm tools, they broke into nobles homes and documents

A 16th century movement for religious reform leading to rejecting Pope's authority

A period of European history, lasting from about 1300 to 1600

A system in which the government made all economic decisions is a _________________

Who was the leader of Germany's Afrika Korps?

The factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all

What painter painted the Mona Lisa?

A self-described "Holy Man" who claimed to have magical powers?

The Zimmerman Note stated that what country would help "reconquer" the land it had lost?

To the Nazis, the Germanic peoples who formed a "Master race"

this refers to large, government owned farms?

Between 5 and 10 million peasants died as a direct result of what leaders?

This set impossibly high quotas to increase the output of steel, coal, oil, and electricity?

A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically 

The big winner in the War of the Spanish Succession was whom?

Who invented the printing press?

The adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit

Martin Luther wrote what famous document that attacked "pardon - merchants"?

Who believed that without wars and epidemics to kill off people, most were going to be poor?

In March 1918, Russia and ___________ signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The resources that are needed to produce goods and services

Who was just 24 when he became the sole ruler of Russia?

Machine of execution born in France

90,000 frostbitten, half-starved German troops surrendered to what country?

The Roman Catholic Church owned what percent of the land in France?

What countries strategic location appeared valuable to France and Britain?

Thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method 

The Prussian commanders threatened to destroy what French city (French Revolution)?

A member of a loosely organized fighting force that makes surprise attacks on enemy troops

Who wrote about a poor Spanish Nobleman who went crazy after reading about heroic knights?

The systematic killing of a racial, ethnic, or religious group

An assembly of representatives from all three estates

8.5 million soldiers died in what war?

A European who favored drastic change to extend democracy to all people

The fascist policies of the National Socialist German Workers Party

A government in which the ruler is viewed as a divine figure

A merchant who wanted to give political power to parliament

Who invented a spinning wheel he named after his daughter?

The agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, 

How many Jews died in death camps and Nazi massacres?

A German submarine had sunk the British passenger ship________which killed 128 U.S. citizens?

A mass slaughter of Jews and other civilians

Economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned