102E.6 Matter

Basic, pure substances that can’t be broken down into simpler substances

Negative charge, make it possible for atoms to form bonds with each other

_______ has the simplest atomic structure

______ is anything that occupies space and has weight.

A substance loses an electron and oxygen is acquired

Skin, hair, muscles, nerves and blood are made of proteins.

Compounds consisting of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen that join together in chains to form proteins.

How many known elements are in the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements?

Matter with definite weight, volume, and shape

_________ are used by the body to store energy and play a key role in metabolism.

Help the body construct and renew itself

The smallest complete unit of an element

The study of chemical reactions such as growth, reproduction, and respiration that occur within a living organism

Used by the body to store energy and play a key role in metabolism

An example of unstable atoms or groups of atoms with an odd (unpaired) number of electrons.

True/False: When unstable atoms combine, they make more complex units, known as molecules

If no “trading” takes place and the atoms are sharing the electrons, they are held together by a ________ ____.

If the outer shell of the atom is missing electrons, the atom is considered _______ or reactive.

_____ __________ are made of only one type of atom or molecule.

Many saccharides linked together are called ___________.

Two saccharides linked together are called _________. (Ex., Sucrose)

A change in the physical characteristics of a substance without creating a new substance

Neutral charge, in the nucleus of every cell (with the exception of Hydrogen)

_______ are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. They are not formed by the linkage of basic molecules.

Studies all matter that is not alive, has never been alive and does not contain carbon

Bond uniting two amino acid groups.

Positive charge, amount of these determine the type of atom

Components that fill the intercellular spaces in the skin; also called intercellular cement

Materials made up of two or more different substances that are mixed but aren’t combined chemically

A change in a substance that creates a new substance with chemical characteristics different from the original substance

____ _________ is the name given to an electron in the outermost orbit that is easily moved from its orbit.

An example of Inorganic Chemistry is ________.

A substance gains an electron and oxygen is released

A peptide chain is thousands of amino acids connected lengthwise to form a chain.

An atom is considered ______ if its outer shell is not missing any electrons.

What does ‘S’ stand for in the acronym COHNS?

A ________ is two or more atoms joined together by a chemical bond.

Basic building-block molecules that connect with each other to form longer, more complex compounds

An example of a chemical change is ______.

Groups of monomers that bond together to create larger, more complex compounds

Matter with definite weight and volume, but no definite shape

A ________ contains two or more substances that are physically combined.

Created by chemically uniting two different elements

What does ‘C’ stand for in the acronym COHNS?

In an _______, the atoms are the same.

What does ‘H’ stand for in the acronym COHNS?

True/False: Nitrogen, Oxygen, and. Hydrogen are liquids

A single saccharide is called _______. (Ex., Glucose)

Matter with definite weight but indefinite shape and volume

What does ‘O’ stand for in the acronym COHNS?

Scientific shorthand or nickname for each element

When positive and negative ions join, they are held together by an ______ _______.

An example of a Physical Change is ______.

An example of Organic Chemistry is ________.

A simple unit of a carbohydrate is called a _____________.

Deals with all matter that is now living or was alive at one time, with carbon present

The forces that hold atoms together in compounds

Indicates how many protons are in a single atom

What does ‘N’ stand for in the acronym COHNS?

In a ________, the atoms are different.