Week 2

160 termsStudBud Administration5 plays

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Questions 160

Answers

1
Which species is more efficient in competitive exclusion?
Less efficient species
More efficient species
Neither species
Both equal
2
Seagrasses absorb nutrients through which parts?
Only cuticle
Only roots
Roots and seawater
Only leaves
3
True or false: Sea stars live well out of water
False
True
4
What is a feature of sandy shores?
Rocky substrate
Flat surface
Steep slope
Low wave energy
5
Which shore has more rocky areas in the Pacific?
Atlantic coast
Gulf of Mexico
Southern California
Most of Pacific
6
What is the length of Neanthes succinea?
19 cm
15 cm
22 cm
25 cm
7
True or false: Seagrass can grow in total darkness.
True
False
8
What is the final stage of succession called?
Climax community
Extirpation
Sere
Pioneer stage
9
What is the average thermotolerance for Mercenaria mercenaria?
5-30 degrees C
20-45 degrees C
15-40 degrees C
10-35 degrees C
10
What do seagrass beds limit?
Currents to near 0
Water temperature
Light penetration
Nutrient levels
11
What is a directional chart?
Seasonal pattern
Behavior list
Directional data
Time allocation
12
What do Mercenaria mercenaria filter?
Algae
Diatoms
Plankton
Sediment
13
Which barnacle is found in southern New England?
Balanus
Semibalanus
Chthamalus
Lepas
14
What is the lifespan of Neanthes succinea?
1-2 years
4-5 years
2-3 years
3-4 years
15
Which species colonizes first on bare substrate?
Herbivores
Carnivores
Climax species
Pioneering species
16
How many teeth on each side of Callinectes sapidus carapace?
9
5
11
7
17
What is continuous sampling?
Constant observation
Rare
Random
Specific intervals
18
What is the difference between adult and juvenile behavior?
Gender differences
Age differences
Environmental differences
Species differences
19
Tolerance model means species are:
Always harmful
Neither harm nor help
Competing fiercely
Always helpful
20
What does a food chain represent?
Linear interactions
Complex relationships
Random interactions
Only predator-prey
21
Where do adult Chthamalus barnacles dominate?
Upper intertidal zone
Deep sea
Open ocean
Lower intertidal zone
22
What is a feature of exposed sandy shores?
Lower wave energy
Higher wave energy
More algae
Less slope
23
What restricts flower development?
Water depth
Temperature range
Nutrient levels
Light intensity
24
Which trophic level includes herbivores?
Second
First
Third
Fourth
25
What stage returns to bay to mature?
Juvenile crab
Megalop larvae
Eggs
Adult crab
26
Which factor affects seagrass photosynthesis?
Salinity
Epibionts
Temperature
Wave energy
27
What is the main cause of vertical zonation?
Sunlight
Wind
Tide height
Temperature
28
Which factor does NOT affect rocky shore zonation?
Recruitment
Grazing
Pollution
Predation
29
True or false: Behavioral ecology includes studying physical environment
True
False
30
What happens to the epitoke after breeding?
It hibernates
It migrates
It dies
It transforms
31
Which factor affects larvae recruitment in Oregon & Washington?
Slower Ekman transport
Higher waves
More predators
Stronger currents
32
What does the inhibition model do?
Blocks newcomers
Changes climate
Removes species
Helps newcomers
33
Which index measures species proportionality?
Pi index
Species richness
Shannon index
Simpson's index
34
What is a spring tide?
No tide change
Lowest tide difference
Highest tide difference
Constant tide
35
What do mixotrophs absorb?
Nutrients from seawater
Airborne nutrients
Only from soil
Light energy only
36
Which term means local extinction?
Succession
Facilitation
Tolerance
Extirpation
37
What limits sea star distribution?
Cannot live out water
Too many predators
High salinity
Low oxygen
38
When do Callinectes sapidus mate?
January to April
May to October
November to December
All year
39
What type of substrate do exposed sandy shores have?
Coral
Sand
Mud
Rocky
40
What is discrete sampling?
Specific intervals
Continuous
Random
Rare
41
Which algae secretes acid to dissolve urchin teeth?
Chthamalus
Kelp
Moss
Demarestia
42
What influences plant metabolism?
Water quality
Temperature
Light color
Soil type
43
What causes slower Ekman transport in Oregon & Washington?
Weaker winds
Stronger waves
More predators
Higher tides
44
What color are Callinectes sapidus claws?
Red
Bright blue
Yellow
Green
45
Where do larvae settle in southern NE barnacles?
Only lower zone
Overlapping areas
Open ocean
Only upper zone
46
What season is best for seagrass reproduction?
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
47
What is an event behavior?
Random
Rare
Continues over time
Brief
48
Which shore type is more biodiverse in the Pacific?
Coral reef
Rocky shore
Sandy shore
Mudflat
49
What do epibionts usually do more than seagrass?
Grazing
Photosynthesis
Predation
Disease
50
True or false: Zostera marina was hit by wasting disease in 1930
True
False
51
What does Pi represent in biodiversity?
Population growth
Habitat size
Species count
Biological value
52
What is a response of algae to grazing?
Tough tissues
More flowers
Less photosynthesis
Smaller size
53
What is the first step in studying behavior?
Observe
Record
Describe
Analyze
54
What limits grazing in many zones?
Herbivory
Temperature
Wave energy
Salinity
55
What is the standing crop of seagrass?
4kg/m^2
3kg/m^2
1kg/m^2
2kg/m^2
56
What should be included in an Organismal Study Sheet?
Seasonal pattern
Time allocation
Behavior list
Common name
57
Which factor is NOT mentioned as affecting seagrass?
Epibionts
Temperature
Disease
Herbivory
58
What is the role of feces in nutrition?
Habitat creation
Nutrient recycling
Food source
Waste disposal
59
What type of flowers does Zostera marina have?
Monoecious
No flowers
Male only
Female only
60
What is the first stage in ecological succession?
Sere stage
Pioneering species
Climax community
Facilitation
61
What is a common predator in coastal zones?
Sea urchin
Sea star
Barnacle
Kelp
62
Which organism thrives in protected tide areas?
Sea stars
Sea urchins
Mussels
Barnacles
63
Which species eats big shrimp better?
No species
One species
Small shrimp eater
Both species
64
What is behavioral ecology?
Study of behaviors
Study of cells
Study of rocks
Study of plants
65
Zostera marina is home to?
No animals
Only birds
Hundreds invertebrates
Only fish
66
How should behaviors be described?
Randomly
Carefully
Vaguely
Quickly
67
Where is the intertidal zone located?
Mountain tops
Deep ocean
Desert areas
Between tides
68
Which zone commonly shows tolerance model?
Coral reefs
Intertidal zones
Deep ocean
Open ocean
69
What is a circadian pattern?
Behavior list
Seasonal pattern
Daily cycle
Time allocation
70
Which surface is paler in Neanthes succinea?
Anterior
Lateral
Ventral
Dorsal
71
What is a time budget?
Seasonal pattern
Time allocation
Directional chart
Behavior list
72
What happens to zonation with more sea urchins?
No change
More algae
Zonation reduces
Zonation increases
73
Which factor reduces zonation in NE coves?
Moss
Sea urchins
Kelp
Barnacles
74
True or false: Neanthes succinea is nocturnal.
False
True
75
Which animal exports production from seagrasses?
Plankton
Herbivores
Predators
Seagulls
76
What is a characteristic of rocky shores?
High biodiversity
Less biodiversity
Low wave energy
Stable environment
77
What creates anaerobic conditions?
Trapped sediments
Strong currents
High temperatures
Light penetration
78
What is the effect of excess nutrients?
No effect
Promotes growth
Limits growth
Decreases biodiversity
79
What is the role of anaerobic bacteria?
Absorb nutrients
Produce oxygen
Create sediments
Decompose compounds
80
Where is Semibalanus a superior competitor?
Pacific coast
Caribbean
Southern NE
Northern NE
81
What does male crab do before female molts?
Finds female
Leaves female
Ignores female
Eats female
82
What is species richness?
Number of species
Species health
Species size
Species weight
83
What sets upper or lower limits in many zones?
Waves
Temperature
Sunlight
Grazing
84
What is an ethogram?
Directional chart
Seasonal pattern
Catalogue of behaviors
Time budget
85
Why is Atlantic rocky shore less biodiverse?
More algae
Ice age scouring
Warmer waters
More predators
86
What does measuring community ecology examine?
Water temperature
Only species
Species and abundance
Only abundance
87
Which index uses the formula H = -∑ pi(ln pi)?
Simpson's index
Species richness
Shannon index
Pi index
88
Where is Zostera marina commonly found?
Temperate zones
Deep ocean
Tropical zones
Deserts
89
Which is NOT a trophic level?
Decomposers
Omnivores
Herbivores
Carnivores
90
Which barnacle dominates upper intertidal zone?
Mussels
Semibalanus
Chthamalus
Kelp
91
True or false: Simpson's index favors diverse communities
False
True
92
What is a seasonal pattern?
Time allocation
Behavior list
Daily cycle
Seasonal changes
93
Zostera marina populations were decimated in?
1950 Australia
1987 America
1930 Europe/Asia
2000 Africa
94
Which model involves first organisms changing environment?
Tolerance
Facilitation
Inhibition
Succession
95
Which barnacle lives in the lower intertidal zone?
Chthamalus
Semibalanus
Kelp
Mussels
96
What is the importance of POV in behavior description?
Seasonal pattern
Behavior list
Time allocation
Perspective
97
What happens as turbidity increases?
Growth is affected
Seagrass thrives
Light increases
Temperature drops
98
Which algae secretes acid to dissolve urchin teeth?
Semibalanus
Chthamalus
Kelp
Demarestia
99
Which zone is dominated by barnacles?
Upper intertidal
Seagrass beds
Open ocean
Lower intertidal
100
What type of hermaphrodites are Mercenaria mercenaria?
Simultaneous
Protogynous
Protandrous
Sequential
101
What is a state behavior?
Random
Rare
Brief
Continues over time
102
Which barnacle survives upper intertidal in northern NE?
Lepas
Chthamalus
Balanus
Semibalanus
103
Which area has less biodiversity?
Atlantic rocky shore
Seagrass beds
Pacific rocky shore
Open ocean
104
Where do Semibalanus typically settle?
Upper intertidal zone
Seagrass beds
Lower intertidal zone
Open ocean
105
What do detritivores eat?
Coral reefs
Decaying organic matter
Living plants
Fish and algae
106
What should be avoided in behavior descriptions?
Observation
Sampling
Anthropomorphism
Recording
107
What does extirpation mean?
Migration
Population growth
Local extinction
Global extinction
108
What is a niche in ecology?
Species' unique role
Physical habitat
Population size
Migration pattern
109
What pathogen caused wasting disease?
Labyrinthula
Virus
Bacteria
Fungus
110
What is a characteristic of seagrass?
Requires high light
Only grows in cold
Traps sediments
Grows in deserts
111
What is the breeding season for Neanthes succinea?
March to October
January to February
April to August
All year round
112
What do deposit feeders filter?
Nutrients from air
Water only
Organic matter
Sand and rocks
113
What is the maximum length of Neanthes succinea?
25 cm
19 cm
15 cm
30 cm
114
What is the main habitat for Neanthes succinea?
Marine
Terrestrial
Brackish
Freshwater
115
What is the most productive habitat?
Open ocean
Coral reefs
Seagrass beds
Rocky shores
116
How many eggs can female crabs release?
100,000
500,000
750,000-2 million
5 million
117
How long do eggs develop into trochophore?
24 hours
36 hours
48 hours
12 hours
118
Which is a keystone species?
Coral
Seagrass
Groupers
Kelp
119
What is the main competition example given?
Algae growth
Barnacle distribution
Fish migration
Bird nesting
120
What happens in resource partitioning?
Resources disappear
One species dominates
Species migrate away
Species share resources
121
What is the most important factor for seagrass growth?
Turbidity
Light
Temperature
Nutrient levels
122
Which barnacle can withstand dry conditions?
Semibalanus
Chthamalus
Kelp
Mussels
123
What is a foundation species?
Endangered species
Base of community
Predator species
Invasive species
124
How can interactions with other species be handled?
Vaguely
Quickly
Carefully
Randomly
125
Seagrasses have reduced cuticle because?
Better photosynthesis
More protection
Stronger leaves
No dessication risk
126
True or false: Competitive exclusion causes species coexistence
True
False
127
What is facilitation model NOT common in?
Ocean
Deserts
Grasslands
Forests
128
What does recruitment mean in ecology?
Plant growth
Water flow
New individuals
Predator attacks
129
What limits currents in seagrass beds?
Coral formations
High tides
Densely packed grasses
Strong winds
130
What does a healthy community often show?
Random species
Equal species
No species
Few dominant species
131
What reduces zonation in coastal areas?
Increased sea stars
Higher wave energy
More kelp growth
Increased sea urchins
132
What does the Simpson's index formula emphasize?
Habitat size
Species count
Species growth
Dominant species
133
What is a food web?
Only predator-prey
Collection of interactions
Linear food chain
Single species interactions
134
Primary producers use what to make energy?
Migration
Hunting
Decomposition
Photosynthesis
135
What is the difference between live observation and cameras?
Behavior list
Observation methods
Time allocation
Seasonal pattern
136
What is the typical zonation order on NE shores?
Kelp, moss, barnacles, mussels
Moss, kelp, barnacles, mussels
Mussels, barnacles, kelp, moss
Barnacles, mussels, moss, kelp
137
How does Zostera marina help its environment?
Destroys habitats
Consumes fish
Traps sediments
Pollutes water
138
Which substrate is typical of exposed sandy shores?
Mud
Rock
Gravel
Sand
139
What is the color of Mercenaria mercenaria's shell?
Black to white
Red to yellow
Brown to grey
Green to blue
140
Which area has more evolutionary time?
Open ocean
Atlantic coast
Seagrass beds
Pacific coast
141
What affects the zonation of coastal species?
Salinity
Wave energy
Pollution
Temperature
142
True or false: Sea stars thrive in high wave energy areas.
True
False
143
Where do female crabs release eggs?
In sea
On land
In river
In bay
144
What is the difference between male and female behavior?
Gender differences
Species differences
Environmental differences
Age differences
145
What is a factor in seagrass recruitment?
Salinity
Wave height
Wind strength
Temperature
146
What changes during ecological succession?
Community structure
No change
Soil type only
Climate only
147
What do algae do in response to grazing?
Change color
Grow faster
Die off
Secrete acid
148
What is a biotic factor in seagrass?
Wave energy
Temperature
Salinity
Epiphytes
149
Which species prevents coral larvae from settling?
Coral
Fish
Algae
Shrimp
150
Which factor involves animals eating plants?
Competition
Recruitment
Predation
Grazing
151
What is the width of Neanthes succinea?
1 cm
4 cm
2 cm
3 cm
152
How many eyes does Neanthes succinea have?
3
4
2
5
153
What dominates the zonation after barnacles?
Moss
Sea urchins
Mussels
Kelp
154
What is a common herbivore in coastal zones?
Barnacles
Snails
Sea stars
Kelp
155
What type of feeder is Neanthes succinea?
Filter feeder
Herbivore
Plankton feeder
Sediment feeder
156
What color is the interior of Mercenaria mercenaria's shell?
Green
White
Yellow
Purple
157
What color is the body of Neanthes succinea?
Yellow-green
Red
Brown
Blue
158
What is the significance of the lunar cycle?
Feeding behavior
Growth rate
Breeding timing
Migration pattern
159
What is vertical zonation related to?
Temperature
Salinity
Wind speed
Tide height
160
Which feature distinguishes male Callinectes sapidus?
Blue eyes
Upside down T abdomen
Red claws
Rounded abdomen

Week 2 Flashcards | StudBud

Week 2

160 termsStudBud Administration5 plays

Imported from external platform

Flashcards160 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 160

Answers

1
Which species is more efficient in competitive exclusion?
Less efficient species
More efficient species
Neither species
Both equal
2
Seagrasses absorb nutrients through which parts?
Only cuticle
Only roots
Roots and seawater
Only leaves
3
True or false: Sea stars live well out of water
False
True
4
What is a feature of sandy shores?
Rocky substrate
Flat surface
Steep slope
Low wave energy
5
Which shore has more rocky areas in the Pacific?
Atlantic coast
Gulf of Mexico
Southern California
Most of Pacific
6
What is the length of Neanthes succinea?
19 cm
15 cm
22 cm
25 cm
7
True or false: Seagrass can grow in total darkness.
True
False
8
What is the final stage of succession called?
Climax community
Extirpation
Sere
Pioneer stage
9
What is the average thermotolerance for Mercenaria mercenaria?
5-30 degrees C
20-45 degrees C
15-40 degrees C
10-35 degrees C
10
What do seagrass beds limit?
Currents to near 0
Water temperature
Light penetration
Nutrient levels
11
What is a directional chart?
Seasonal pattern
Behavior list
Directional data
Time allocation
12
What do Mercenaria mercenaria filter?
Algae
Diatoms
Plankton
Sediment
13
Which barnacle is found in southern New England?
Balanus
Semibalanus
Chthamalus
Lepas
14
What is the lifespan of Neanthes succinea?
1-2 years
4-5 years
2-3 years
3-4 years
15
Which species colonizes first on bare substrate?
Herbivores
Carnivores
Climax species
Pioneering species
16
How many teeth on each side of Callinectes sapidus carapace?
9
5
11
7
17
What is continuous sampling?
Constant observation
Rare
Random
Specific intervals
18
What is the difference between adult and juvenile behavior?
Gender differences
Age differences
Environmental differences
Species differences
19
Tolerance model means species are:
Always harmful
Neither harm nor help
Competing fiercely
Always helpful
20
What does a food chain represent?
Linear interactions
Complex relationships
Random interactions
Only predator-prey
21
Where do adult Chthamalus barnacles dominate?
Upper intertidal zone
Deep sea
Open ocean
Lower intertidal zone
22
What is a feature of exposed sandy shores?
Lower wave energy
Higher wave energy
More algae
Less slope
23
What restricts flower development?
Water depth
Temperature range
Nutrient levels
Light intensity
24
Which trophic level includes herbivores?
Second
First
Third
Fourth
25
What stage returns to bay to mature?
Juvenile crab
Megalop larvae
Eggs
Adult crab
26
Which factor affects seagrass photosynthesis?
Salinity
Epibionts
Temperature
Wave energy
27
What is the main cause of vertical zonation?
Sunlight
Wind
Tide height
Temperature
28
Which factor does NOT affect rocky shore zonation?
Recruitment
Grazing
Pollution
Predation
29
True or false: Behavioral ecology includes studying physical environment
True
False
30
What happens to the epitoke after breeding?
It hibernates
It migrates
It dies
It transforms
31
Which factor affects larvae recruitment in Oregon & Washington?
Slower Ekman transport
Higher waves
More predators
Stronger currents
32
What does the inhibition model do?
Blocks newcomers
Changes climate
Removes species
Helps newcomers
33
Which index measures species proportionality?
Pi index
Species richness
Shannon index
Simpson's index
34
What is a spring tide?
No tide change
Lowest tide difference
Highest tide difference
Constant tide
35
What do mixotrophs absorb?
Nutrients from seawater
Airborne nutrients
Only from soil
Light energy only
36
Which term means local extinction?
Succession
Facilitation
Tolerance
Extirpation
37
What limits sea star distribution?
Cannot live out water
Too many predators
High salinity
Low oxygen
38
When do Callinectes sapidus mate?
January to April
May to October
November to December
All year
39
What type of substrate do exposed sandy shores have?
Coral
Sand
Mud
Rocky
40
What is discrete sampling?
Specific intervals
Continuous
Random
Rare
41
Which algae secretes acid to dissolve urchin teeth?
Chthamalus
Kelp
Moss
Demarestia
42
What influences plant metabolism?
Water quality
Temperature
Light color
Soil type
43
What causes slower Ekman transport in Oregon & Washington?
Weaker winds
Stronger waves
More predators
Higher tides
44
What color are Callinectes sapidus claws?
Red
Bright blue
Yellow
Green
45
Where do larvae settle in southern NE barnacles?
Only lower zone
Overlapping areas
Open ocean
Only upper zone
46
What season is best for seagrass reproduction?
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
47
What is an event behavior?
Random
Rare
Continues over time
Brief
48
Which shore type is more biodiverse in the Pacific?
Coral reef
Rocky shore
Sandy shore
Mudflat
49
What do epibionts usually do more than seagrass?
Grazing
Photosynthesis
Predation
Disease
50
True or false: Zostera marina was hit by wasting disease in 1930
True
False
51
What does Pi represent in biodiversity?
Population growth
Habitat size
Species count
Biological value
52
What is a response of algae to grazing?
Tough tissues
More flowers
Less photosynthesis
Smaller size
53
What is the first step in studying behavior?
Observe
Record
Describe
Analyze
54
What limits grazing in many zones?
Herbivory
Temperature
Wave energy
Salinity
55
What is the standing crop of seagrass?
4kg/m^2
3kg/m^2
1kg/m^2
2kg/m^2
56
What should be included in an Organismal Study Sheet?
Seasonal pattern
Time allocation
Behavior list
Common name
57
Which factor is NOT mentioned as affecting seagrass?
Epibionts
Temperature
Disease
Herbivory
58
What is the role of feces in nutrition?
Habitat creation
Nutrient recycling
Food source
Waste disposal
59
What type of flowers does Zostera marina have?
Monoecious
No flowers
Male only
Female only
60
What is the first stage in ecological succession?
Sere stage
Pioneering species
Climax community
Facilitation
61
What is a common predator in coastal zones?
Sea urchin
Sea star
Barnacle
Kelp
62
Which organism thrives in protected tide areas?
Sea stars
Sea urchins
Mussels
Barnacles
63
Which species eats big shrimp better?
No species
One species
Small shrimp eater
Both species
64
What is behavioral ecology?
Study of behaviors
Study of cells
Study of rocks
Study of plants
65
Zostera marina is home to?
No animals
Only birds
Hundreds invertebrates
Only fish
66
How should behaviors be described?
Randomly
Carefully
Vaguely
Quickly
67
Where is the intertidal zone located?
Mountain tops
Deep ocean
Desert areas
Between tides
68
Which zone commonly shows tolerance model?
Coral reefs
Intertidal zones
Deep ocean
Open ocean
69
What is a circadian pattern?
Behavior list
Seasonal pattern
Daily cycle
Time allocation
70
Which surface is paler in Neanthes succinea?
Anterior
Lateral
Ventral
Dorsal
71
What is a time budget?
Seasonal pattern
Time allocation
Directional chart
Behavior list
72
What happens to zonation with more sea urchins?
No change
More algae
Zonation reduces
Zonation increases
73
Which factor reduces zonation in NE coves?
Moss
Sea urchins
Kelp
Barnacles
74
True or false: Neanthes succinea is nocturnal.
False
True
75
Which animal exports production from seagrasses?
Plankton
Herbivores
Predators
Seagulls
76
What is a characteristic of rocky shores?
High biodiversity
Less biodiversity
Low wave energy
Stable environment
77
What creates anaerobic conditions?
Trapped sediments
Strong currents
High temperatures
Light penetration
78
What is the effect of excess nutrients?
No effect
Promotes growth
Limits growth
Decreases biodiversity
79
What is the role of anaerobic bacteria?
Absorb nutrients
Produce oxygen
Create sediments
Decompose compounds
80
Where is Semibalanus a superior competitor?
Pacific coast
Caribbean
Southern NE
Northern NE
81
What does male crab do before female molts?
Finds female
Leaves female
Ignores female
Eats female
82
What is species richness?
Number of species
Species health
Species size
Species weight
83
What sets upper or lower limits in many zones?
Waves
Temperature
Sunlight
Grazing
84
What is an ethogram?
Directional chart
Seasonal pattern
Catalogue of behaviors
Time budget
85
Why is Atlantic rocky shore less biodiverse?
More algae
Ice age scouring
Warmer waters
More predators
86
What does measuring community ecology examine?
Water temperature
Only species
Species and abundance
Only abundance
87
Which index uses the formula H = -∑ pi(ln pi)?
Simpson's index
Species richness
Shannon index
Pi index
88
Where is Zostera marina commonly found?
Temperate zones
Deep ocean
Tropical zones
Deserts
89
Which is NOT a trophic level?
Decomposers
Omnivores
Herbivores
Carnivores
90
Which barnacle dominates upper intertidal zone?
Mussels
Semibalanus
Chthamalus
Kelp
91
True or false: Simpson's index favors diverse communities
False
True
92
What is a seasonal pattern?
Time allocation
Behavior list
Daily cycle
Seasonal changes
93
Zostera marina populations were decimated in?
1950 Australia
1987 America
1930 Europe/Asia
2000 Africa
94
Which model involves first organisms changing environment?
Tolerance
Facilitation
Inhibition
Succession
95
Which barnacle lives in the lower intertidal zone?
Chthamalus
Semibalanus
Kelp
Mussels
96
What is the importance of POV in behavior description?
Seasonal pattern
Behavior list
Time allocation
Perspective
97
What happens as turbidity increases?
Growth is affected
Seagrass thrives
Light increases
Temperature drops
98
Which algae secretes acid to dissolve urchin teeth?
Semibalanus
Chthamalus
Kelp
Demarestia
99
Which zone is dominated by barnacles?
Upper intertidal
Seagrass beds
Open ocean
Lower intertidal
100
What type of hermaphrodites are Mercenaria mercenaria?
Simultaneous
Protogynous
Protandrous
Sequential
101
What is a state behavior?
Random
Rare
Brief
Continues over time
102
Which barnacle survives upper intertidal in northern NE?
Lepas
Chthamalus
Balanus
Semibalanus
103
Which area has less biodiversity?
Atlantic rocky shore
Seagrass beds
Pacific rocky shore
Open ocean
104
Where do Semibalanus typically settle?
Upper intertidal zone
Seagrass beds
Lower intertidal zone
Open ocean
105
What do detritivores eat?
Coral reefs
Decaying organic matter
Living plants
Fish and algae
106
What should be avoided in behavior descriptions?
Observation
Sampling
Anthropomorphism
Recording
107
What does extirpation mean?
Migration
Population growth
Local extinction
Global extinction
108
What is a niche in ecology?
Species' unique role
Physical habitat
Population size
Migration pattern
109
What pathogen caused wasting disease?
Labyrinthula
Virus
Bacteria
Fungus
110
What is a characteristic of seagrass?
Requires high light
Only grows in cold
Traps sediments
Grows in deserts
111
What is the breeding season for Neanthes succinea?
March to October
January to February
April to August
All year round
112
What do deposit feeders filter?
Nutrients from air
Water only
Organic matter
Sand and rocks
113
What is the maximum length of Neanthes succinea?
25 cm
19 cm
15 cm
30 cm
114
What is the main habitat for Neanthes succinea?
Marine
Terrestrial
Brackish
Freshwater
115
What is the most productive habitat?
Open ocean
Coral reefs
Seagrass beds
Rocky shores
116
How many eggs can female crabs release?
100,000
500,000
750,000-2 million
5 million
117
How long do eggs develop into trochophore?
24 hours
36 hours
48 hours
12 hours
118
Which is a keystone species?
Coral
Seagrass
Groupers
Kelp
119
What is the main competition example given?
Algae growth
Barnacle distribution
Fish migration
Bird nesting
120
What happens in resource partitioning?
Resources disappear
One species dominates
Species migrate away
Species share resources
121
What is the most important factor for seagrass growth?
Turbidity
Light
Temperature
Nutrient levels
122
Which barnacle can withstand dry conditions?
Semibalanus
Chthamalus
Kelp
Mussels
123
What is a foundation species?
Endangered species
Base of community
Predator species
Invasive species
124
How can interactions with other species be handled?
Vaguely
Quickly
Carefully
Randomly
125
Seagrasses have reduced cuticle because?
Better photosynthesis
More protection
Stronger leaves
No dessication risk
126
True or false: Competitive exclusion causes species coexistence
True
False
127
What is facilitation model NOT common in?
Ocean
Deserts
Grasslands
Forests
128
What does recruitment mean in ecology?
Plant growth
Water flow
New individuals
Predator attacks
129
What limits currents in seagrass beds?
Coral formations
High tides
Densely packed grasses
Strong winds
130
What does a healthy community often show?
Random species
Equal species
No species
Few dominant species
131
What reduces zonation in coastal areas?
Increased sea stars
Higher wave energy
More kelp growth
Increased sea urchins
132
What does the Simpson's index formula emphasize?
Habitat size
Species count
Species growth
Dominant species
133
What is a food web?
Only predator-prey
Collection of interactions
Linear food chain
Single species interactions
134
Primary producers use what to make energy?
Migration
Hunting
Decomposition
Photosynthesis
135
What is the difference between live observation and cameras?
Behavior list
Observation methods
Time allocation
Seasonal pattern
136
What is the typical zonation order on NE shores?
Kelp, moss, barnacles, mussels
Moss, kelp, barnacles, mussels
Mussels, barnacles, kelp, moss
Barnacles, mussels, moss, kelp
137
How does Zostera marina help its environment?
Destroys habitats
Consumes fish
Traps sediments
Pollutes water
138
Which substrate is typical of exposed sandy shores?
Mud
Rock
Gravel
Sand
139
What is the color of Mercenaria mercenaria's shell?
Black to white
Red to yellow
Brown to grey
Green to blue
140
Which area has more evolutionary time?
Open ocean
Atlantic coast
Seagrass beds
Pacific coast
141
What affects the zonation of coastal species?
Salinity
Wave energy
Pollution
Temperature
142
True or false: Sea stars thrive in high wave energy areas.
True
False
143
Where do female crabs release eggs?
In sea
On land
In river
In bay
144
What is the difference between male and female behavior?
Gender differences
Species differences
Environmental differences
Age differences
145
What is a factor in seagrass recruitment?
Salinity
Wave height
Wind strength
Temperature
146
What changes during ecological succession?
Community structure
No change
Soil type only
Climate only
147
What do algae do in response to grazing?
Change color
Grow faster
Die off
Secrete acid
148
What is a biotic factor in seagrass?
Wave energy
Temperature
Salinity
Epiphytes
149
Which species prevents coral larvae from settling?
Coral
Fish
Algae
Shrimp
150
Which factor involves animals eating plants?
Competition
Recruitment
Predation
Grazing
151
What is the width of Neanthes succinea?
1 cm
4 cm
2 cm
3 cm
152
How many eyes does Neanthes succinea have?
3
4
2
5
153
What dominates the zonation after barnacles?
Moss
Sea urchins
Mussels
Kelp
154
What is a common herbivore in coastal zones?
Barnacles
Snails
Sea stars
Kelp
155
What type of feeder is Neanthes succinea?
Filter feeder
Herbivore
Plankton feeder
Sediment feeder
156
What color is the interior of Mercenaria mercenaria's shell?
Green
White
Yellow
Purple
157
What color is the body of Neanthes succinea?
Yellow-green
Red
Brown
Blue
158
What is the significance of the lunar cycle?
Feeding behavior
Growth rate
Breeding timing
Migration pattern
159
What is vertical zonation related to?
Temperature
Salinity
Wind speed
Tide height
160
Which feature distinguishes male Callinectes sapidus?
Blue eyes
Upside down T abdomen
Red claws
Rounded abdomen