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AP Psych: Unit 6 Developmental Psychology Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psych: Unit 6 Developmental Psychology
AP Psych: Unit 6 Developmental Psychology
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1
What is a cross-sectional study?
a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another
a study in which people of different cultures are compared to one another
2
What is it called when an infant develops a fear of people other than those they are familiar with?
stranger anxiety
feeding
imprinting
touch
3
A principle difference between longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is the..
sampling method used to choose participants
time span of the study
number of participant involved
developmental stage of the participants
4
Which of the following statements is most true about how a newborn’s senses function?
the senses all function normally except touch
most senses function normally, but sight develops slowly with experience
their senses function at a very low level
their senses function the same as an adults
5
The period of sexual maturation in which a person becomes capable of reproducing is puberty
False
True
6
Assimilation definition
interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas.
a branch of psychology concerned with mental processes.
anything that can disrupt the development of a fetus in a pregnant woman.
7
Social learning theory definition…
the theory we learn social behavior by observing and imitating
the theory we learn by parents
8
Object permanence is awareness that things continue to exist even though they are not perceived
False
True
9
What did Mary Ainsworth contribute to developmental psychology?
identified three major styles of attachment that children have to parents
identified five major styles of attachment that children have to parents
10
Alfred Binet contribution to developmental psychology
object permanence
invented the first practical IQ test
assimilation
analytical thinking
11
Metacognition: awareness and understanding of one’s own thought process
False
True
12
The ability to remember to perform acts in the future; declines with age
explicit memory
prospective memory
semantic memory
iconic memory
13
Menarche definition:the first menstrual period
True
False
14
What is crystalized intelligence?
one’s accumulated knowledge and verbal skills, tends to increase with age
one's knowledge and verbal skills, tends to decrease by age
15
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all the following human traits except…
intelligence
self-esteem
emotional development
motor development
16
What is developmental psychology?
The study of only social changes through a lifespan
The study of only cognitive changes through a lifespan
A branch that studies physical, social and cognitive changes through life
17
Which level of moral reasoning includes a focus on upholding laws in order to gain social approval?
postconventional
preconventional
conventional
formal operational
18
At what age does generativity vs stagnation occur?
young adulthood (20's through 30's)
late adulthood (60's and older)
middle adulthood 40’s through 60’s
adolescence
19
In what order are the stages of development in (Piaget)
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, fromal operational
preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational, concrete operational
concrete operational, sensorimotor, formal operational, preoperational
20
Who identified secure and insecure attachment?
Jerome Kagan
Konrad Lorenz
Mary Ainsworth
Sigmund Freud
21
Genital stage (Kohlberg definition)
fromal operations
integrity vs. despair
postconventional (approximately late adolescence through adulthood)
intimacy vs. isolation
22
According to Erickson, you develop your ____, a part of who you are, from your group memberships
social identity
self-interest
sefl-esteem
social self
23
In what stage of Erikson's development stages does a person struggle with identity vs role confusion?
late adulthood
adolescence
infacny
middle adulthood
24
According to Erikson’s theory, adolescents are most primarily concerned in a search for…
career
identity
affection
autonomy
25
APGAR Test: test given to a new born baby (a-activity, p-pulse, g-grimace, a-appearance, r-respiration)
False
True
26
A research approach that follows a group of people over time to determine change or stability in behavior
longitudinal study
cross-sectional study
27
Harlow’s experiments with substitute mothers made of wire demonstrated the importance of what aspect of nurturing?
imprinting
stranger anxiety
feeding
touch
28
Who is most well-known for their description of levels of morality (preconventional, conventional, postconventional)
Lawrence Kohlberg
Mary Ainsworth
Sigmund Freud
Jean Piaget
29
Adolescence definition:the transition period from childhood to adulthood, extended from puberty to independence
True
False
30
During what stage do children begin to communicate through symbols or language?
concrete operational stage
preoperational stage
sensorimotor stage
formal operational stage
31
Vygotsky called the space between what a child could learn with and without help the…
zone of abstract logic
theory of mind
zone of proximal development
zone of abstract reasoning
32
What did Harry Harlow contribute to developmental psychology?
the importance of touch
discovered importance of caregiving and companionship in development
the importance of security
33
A major difference between the psychoanalytic stage theories and more cognitive or experimental stage theories is…
Freud and Erickson only studied young children
the psychoanalytic theories are less empirical
only the psychoanalytical theories take parental effects into account
34
What was Lev Vygostsky known for?
physical development theory
social development theory (of child cognitive development)
35
Which of the following is the correct term for a mental rule Piaget said we use to interpret our environment?
concentration
schema
soft music
stability
36
As an infant's brain develops, some neural pathways will decay if not used. This -use-it-or-lose-it process is known as
motor development
spacing
maturation
pruning
37
Which of the following is the longest prenatal stage?
embryo
conception
fetus
zygote
38
Which of the following identifies children's difficulty seeing another's perspective?
role player
a child who understands conversation
abstract thinker
egocentric thinker
39
What is the rooting reflex?
reflex where adolescence is touched and look opposite of that direction
infant reflex where a baby is touched and turns its head in that direction
40
Most prenatal influences on humans are genetic or hormonal in origin except for …
stress on the mother
teratogens
operant conditioning occuring before birth
family history of mental illness
41
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
secure
authoritarian
authoratative
avoidant
42
An 18-month old typically recognizes herself in the mirror. This self-awareness contributes to...
self-assurance
self-esteem
self-concept
self-actualization
43
Ages 0-5 (infant to toddlerhood) is arguably the most important stage of development
True
False
44
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is…
securily attached
authoritative
permissive
45
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
sensorimotor
conventional
autonomy
preoperational
46
Egocentrism definition
a branch of psych concerned with social processes
the development of a newborn to adolescence.
the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of view.
47
Who was known for the four parenting styles? (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful)
Diana Baumrind
Erik Erickson
Alfred Binet
Harry Harlow
48
Some researchers consider developmental psychology an applied research topic because...
it's more commonly studied by graduate students
research applies findings and theories from other areas of psychology
it's more easily applied to people's lives
doing research in this area is difficult
49
What does an authoritative parenting style include?
low demandingness and high warmth
high demandingness and high warmth
50
Accommodation definition:adjusting or changing one’s schema’s to account for new information
False
True
