What role do probation officers play at sentencing?

they prepare a pre-sentence report

Which of the following is an example of restorative justice?

Juvenile who stole a cat meets victim to discuss punishment

Which of the following statements is not true about juvenile records and proceedings?

juvenile records are automatically erased when they are 18

What is circumstantial evidence?

evidence from a witness from which a jury must infer a fact

All of the following EXCEPT which one are true of prison populations?

prisoners have no access to education

money paid as a condition for pre-trial release

What is the purpose of bail?

assure the accused appears in court

What happens when parole is revoked?

a revocation hearing is held in prison

What is an arraignment?

a court appearance by the defendant where charges are read

repayment for damages, ordered by the judge to the defendant

Which of the following statements about the use of technology in policing is TRUE?

new technology may raise issues of individual's rights

All of the following EXCEPT which one are challenges facing sexual assault victims

they want to share their story in court

The introduction of DNA analysis has resulted in all of the following except which one?

fewer convictions because of distrust of the science

Some states have sentencing guidelines. What is their purpose?

Reduce inequalities in sentencing

a facility that houses criminals who have committed felonies

location where pre-trial detainees are held for a short time

What defines a neglected child?

Not receiving proper care due to guardians action/inaction

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Criminal Justice Spring Final

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Spring Final

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Questions 42

Answers

1
What is probation?
sentence served by doing community service
sentence that offender is allowed to serve in the community
a term used for an offender awaiting pre-trial
term used for felon released back into the community early
2
What is an appeal?
asking for a court decision to be vacated
Request for a higher court to review a lower court decision
a return to criminal behavior
being attracted by another person
3
What role do probation officers play at sentencing?
by law, probation officers play no part in sentencing
advocate for the offender by asking for leniency
instruct victims what to say at sentencing hearings
they prepare a pre-sentence report
4
Which of the following is an example of restorative justice?
Juvenile who stole a cat meets victim to discuss punishment
violent offender is sentenced to 6 months in jail
drug offender picks up trash on the highway
offender receives corporal punishment (spanking/striking)
5
Assigning inmates into categories specifying needs for security, education etc., is called ...
Individualization
Classification
Specification
Rehabilitation
6
The rules that must be followed by parolees are called what?
clemency
conditions of release
constitutional restrictions
parole etiquette
7
The philosophy that assumes that the general public will be deterred from committing crime
Rehabilitation
General deterrence
Special deterrence
Incapacitation
8
Which of the following statements is not true about juvenile records and proceedings?
juvenile records are automatically erased when they are 18
media may be prohibited from publishing their names
law enforcement may still access sealed or expunged records
juvenile laws vary by jurisdiction
9
What is direct evidence?
statements told to a third party
fingerprints
eyewitness accounts
DNA
10
Who typically determines the descretionary release of state prisoners?
The parole board
The US supreme court
The prison warden
The state supreme court
11
What is circumstantial evidence?
evidence that tends to prove a person is guilty
evidence from a witness from which a jury must infer a fact
A retracted confession
signed written statements
12
If a juvenile is imprisoned pending trial, most states require a(n):
Intake hearing
Judicial waivers
Detention hearing
Mala juvenilia
13
All of the following EXCEPT which one are true of prison populations?
prisoners have no access to education
gangs are very powerful inside prisons
correction officers have the most contact with the inmates
prisoners are not allowed to exercise
14
The analysis of DNA allows people to be identified through which of the following?
Family history
Genetic makeup
Physiology
Chromatography
15
Juvenile system is primarily concerned with the interests and needs of which of the following?
Corpus delecti
Mens rea
Parens patriae
Actus reus
16
What is bail?
money paid as a condition for pre-trial release
money the defendant gets back after being found guilty
a term used to describe a foot pursuit
the court cost for a public defender
17
What is the purpose of bail?
allow accused to return to their family
assure the accused appears in court
punish the offender for committing a crime
it covers the accused' court costs
18
What happens when parole is revoked?
inmate is placed on intensive supervision parole
parolee must explain their mistakes to their parole officer
parolee is released on their own recognizance
a revocation hearing is held in prison
19
What is an arraignment?
the third appearance in court by the defendant
a court appearance by the defendant where charges are read
part of the booking process
the court appearance where the defendant is found guilty
20
When an individual has served their time they are released. This is known as what?
Statutory release
Mandatory release
Probational release
Provisional release
21
Many juries are hesitant to convict unless which is presented to them?
Witness testimony
Accused' confession
Forensic evidence
Accused' testimony
22
What is restitution?
the part of the trial where the defense "rests."
repayment for damages, ordered by the judge to the defendant
repayment to the defendant for his court costs
money paid to the jail or prison for their potential costs
23
An application by either party's attorney to a court, asking for a specific action
dismissal
guilty plea
motion
rejection at screening
24
When court officials transfer a juvenile case to adult court, they are doing what?
Acting on recommendations from the police
Reducing overcrowding at the adult court
Waiving jurisdiction
Reducing time for the defendant
25
Which of the following prison populations is/are likely to pose problems for the prison staff?
physically disabled inmates
elderly inmates
all of the above
gang members
26
Some behaviors such as truancy are crimes if done by a juvenile. What are these called?
Crimes of impulse
Status offenses
Judicial waivers
Mala Juvenilia
27
Which of the following statements about the use of technology in policing is TRUE?
new technology may raise issues of individual's rights
police gain little from new technology
police rarely use new technology
none of these, all the statements are false
28
Which of the following problems confronts the modern prison system in America?
all of these
overcrowding
racial conflicts
limited resoursces
29
Punishment designed to affect future behavior of targeted individuals who have been convicted
General deterrence
Retribution
Incapacitation
Specific deterrence
30
In criminal trials, most states use juries with how many members?
8
12
6
10
31
Punishments that fall somewhere between probation and prison are known as what?
determinant sanctions
indeterminate sanctions
intermediate sanctions
incapacitation sentences
32
All of the following EXCEPT which one are challenges facing sexual assault victims
they may be victimized again by the justice system
officers may not believe their story
they want to share their story in court
family members may not believe their story of assault
33
The introduction of DNA analysis has resulted in all of the following except which one?
fewer convictions because of distrust of the science
people wrongfully convicted have been released
increased convictions
challenges from lawyers related to individual rights
34
Some states have sentencing guidelines. What is their purpose?
Reduce corruption in the judicial process
Reduce inequalities in sentencing
Reduce overcrowding in prisons
Reduce the workload of judges
35
What is prison
a facility for criminals who have been convicted of crimes
a place to hold detainees awaiting trial for serious crimes
a facility that houses criminals who have committed felonies
a detention facility for criminals
36
What is recidivism?
A legal term for "double jeopardy."
term meaning the defendant "receives" a sentence
a return to criminal behavior
term used by judge describing a defendant who is sentenced
37
Which of the following has been a consequence of increasing numbers of gang members in prison?
fewer minority inmates than in past years
fewer fights between inmates
decreased rates of hepatitis and HIV
increased levels of violence
38
What is Jail?
a location where inmates are held for over a year
location where pre-trial detainees are held for a short time
where juveniles wait to be sentenced
holding cells at court where defendants wait for arraignment
39
The death penalty is the most severe form of which goal of punishment?
Incapacitation
General deterrence
Restorative justice
Special deterrence
40
What is the process for screening out potential jurors called?
Actus reus
Voir dire
Habeus corpus
Ex post facto
41
Which of the following functions is likely to be assigned as a community service?
working as an usher at a Major League baseball game
wearing an electronic monitoring device
working part-time at McDonalds
clearing parks and roadsides
42
What defines a neglected child?
Runaway or habitually truant
Committed a criminal act
Not receiving proper care due to guardians action/inaction
Committed a status offense

Criminal Justice Spring Final Flashcards | StudBud