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EOC Biology Review
EOC Biology Review
62 terms
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Questions
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Answers
1
The picture below is an example of...
Artificial Selection
The Bottleneck Effect
The Founder Effect
Natural Selection
2
Men are more likely to be affected by sex-linked genetic disorders than women, why?
Men only have one X chromosome
Men have two Y chromosomes
Women have two Y chromosomes
Women only have one X chromosome
3
What organic compound is the main fuel source for us?
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
4
What does it mean when one individual leaves more offspring than another?
Use and disuse
It is a perfect species
It has acquired traits
It is more suited to the environment
5
Movement of molecules from high to low...
Active Transport
Equilibrium
Diffusion
Exocytosis
6
What makes up a DNA nucleotide?
Ribose, phosphate group, adenine
Deoxyribose, phosphate group, uracil
Ribose, phosphate group, uracil
Deoxyribose, phosphate group, adenine
7
What does an enzyme do?
Speeds up chemical reactions, lowers the activation energy
Speeds up chemical reaction, increases activation energy.
Makes chemical reactions the same.
Slows down chemical reactions.
8
This can be seen in skin color and height in humans, occurs when many genes make up one trait.
Co-dominance
Incomplete Dominance
Recessive Allele
Polygenic Inheritance
9
What is genetic drift?
Changes in allele frequencies due to variation.
Changes in allele frequencies in a population due to chance.
Changes in a population due to recombination.
When a population of individuals goes extinct
10
Which of the following characteristics is unique only to hominids?
The ability to walk upright (bipedal)
Live birth
Providing milk to offspring
Hair
11
A disease that wipes out an entire population, would be considered what type of factor?
Density-dependent
Nutrient-limiting
Exponential growth
Density-independent
12
What is ATP?
Fat
Chloroplasts
Energy
ADP
13
What type of cell can develop into many different cells in the body?
Stem cell
Neuron
Nerve Cell
Heart cell
14
Why do farmers use GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) in crop production?
Saves time: Increased growth time and production of crops
All of the above
Don't have to use as much pesticides on crops
Decreased growth time for crops
15
When a population multiplies by a constant factor at a constant time interval.
Logistic growth
Competitive exclusion
Population density
Exponential growth
16
A snake that eats a bird that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant is a
Primary producer.
Primary consumer.
Tertiary consumer.
Secondary producer.
17
Which are products of photosynthesis?
Oxygen Only
Water Only
Glucose and Oxygen
ATP and Oxygen
18
Water is considered the universal solvent, what does this mean?
It can form ice.
It is a solute.
It can be d.issolved easily
It can dissolve more substances than any other liquid.
19
A lion chases, captures, and eats a gazelle. This is an example of:
Predation
Commensalism
Mutualism
Competition
20
During this process DNA is copied into mRNA.
Golgi
Transcription
Replication
Translation
21
Which types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis?
mRNA, tRNA
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
rRNA, only
tRNA only
22
Is the full amount of energy captured from the sun by producers available to consumers?
Producers can't capture energy from the sun
Yes, full energy is kept as it goes up the trophic levels
Not sure
No, energy is lost as it goes up the trophic levels
23
Structures that serve no purpose in the current form of an organism.
Vestigial Structures
Homologous Structures
Analogous Structures
Adaptations
24
What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and an eukaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic has a nucleus, eukaryotic does not.
Prokaryotic has no nucleus, eukaryotic does
Both are the same, no differences
Prokaryotic has membrane bound organelles
25
What is Darwin's theory of evolution based on?
Variation and natural selection
Use and disuse
Traits that don't allow an offspring to survive.
Acquired traits
26
What does the picture below represent?
Nothing
Analogous Structures
Vestigial Structures
Homologous Structures
27
Which types of plants are usually the FIRST to appear in ecological succession?
Lichens and Mosses
Oak Trees
Grasses
Shrubs
28
Rank the organizational levels of life in order from smallest to largest.
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
population, cell, tissue, ecosystem
organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell
cell, ecosystem, organism , population
29
What does this equation represent?
Photosynthesis
Endocytosis
Cellular Respiration
Active Transport
30
A flood dramatically decreases a population, this is an example of...
Mutations
The founder effect
Gene flow
The bottleneck effect
31
Analyze the graph below. At what pH level is there the lowest number of bacterial colonies?
5
6
8
9
32
Replicate the following DNA strand: AGGCCT
AGTCAA
TTTCCC
ACTTTT
TCCGGA
33
What does the picture below represent in biology?
Diagram
Chart
Graph
Cladogram
34
How has the ever growing human population affected the Earth's species ?
Increased habitat loss, causing extinction of species.
Introduced invasive species that have benefited ecosystems.
Increased biodiversity
Caused a reduction in CO2 in the atmosphere.
35
In humans, how many chromosomes are in a somatic cell? How many chromosomes are in a gamete?
23, 46
46, 23
46, 46
23, 23
36
Why would primary productivity be higher in a tropical rainforest than in a tundra?
Tropical rainforest receives more direct sunlight
Tundra receives more direct sunlight
Tundra receives more rainfall
Tundra is a lot warmer than the tropical rainforest
37
Define Dependent Variable:
The variable being changed in the experiment.
The variable that remains constant in the experiment.
The variable that does not change the experiment
The variable being measured in the experiement.
38
A tick feeds on the blood of a dog. This is an example of:
Parasitism
Mutualism
Commensalism
Predation
39
What is the difference between cytokinesis in plant cells compared to animal cells?
Plant cells form a cell plate.
Plant cells form a cleavage furrow.
Plants cells don't go through cytokinesis.
Plant cells don't split.
40
What do animal cells NOT have, but plant cells do?
Ribosome
Chloroplasts
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Nucleus
41
Homozygous tall plant is crossed with a homozygous short plant the offspring are all tall, why?
Tall plant allele is recessive to short plant allele.
Not sure how that happened.
Tall plant allele is dominant to short plant allele.
Tall plant allele is hidden by short plant allele.
42
Physical or chemical agent that increases the chance of a mutation occuring.
Mitochondria
Photosynthesis
Mutagen
Malignant
43
What type of cells are being made during mitosis?
Gametes (sex cells)
Enzymes
Cells that differ in terms of genetic information.
Somatic Cells (body cells)
44
Identify the reactants in the problem below:
H2 and O2
Just O2
H2O and H2 and O2
H2O
45
What makes up a genotype?
Alleles
Zygote
Cells
Phenotypes
46
Which is the correct order of cell parts to synthesize and export a protein from a cell?
plasmamembrane, vesicle, Golgi,ER, ribosome.
ER,Golgi, vesicle,ribosome, plasma membrane.
Golgi,ER, ribosome,plasma membrane, vesicle.
ribosome,ER, Golgi, vesicle, plasma membrane.
47
A shark and a dolphin have evolved in similar ways, but are not closely related. This is...
Divergent Evolution
Co-evolution
Punctuated Equilibrium
Convergent Evolution
48
During this process mRNA meets up with a ribosome and tRNA to make a protein.
Replication
Translation
Transcription
Golgi
49
What phase is the cell in most of the time?
Prophase
Metaphase
Interphase
Anaphase
50
The combined alleles that make up a population.
Allele frequency
Mutation
Gene pool
Genotype
51
When a species experiences long stable periods, interrupted by rapid evolutionary change is...
Co-evolution
Punctuated Equilibrium
Gradualism
Divergent Evolution
52
What type of tumor can spread through the body and damages the surrounding cells?
Benign
Gametes
Malignant
Chromosomes
53
What organelle breaks down food and wastes in the cell?
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Mitochondria
54
The picture below is an example of what?
Completely Recessive
Co-dominance
Complete Dominance
Incomplete dominance
55
When species are separated by a body of water. This is an example of...
Temporal Isolation
Mechanical Isolation
Geographic Isolation
Behavioral Isolation
56
Blood types is a good example of what?
Complete dominance
Incomplete dominance
Co-dominance
Completely recessive
57
What would cause lactic acid build up and muscle soreness in your body?
Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
58
During interphase, what does the cell do?
Centrioles form
Carries out normal metabolic processes
Sister chromatids separate
Spindle fibers form
59
Define independent variable:
The variable that is not being used in the experiment.
The variable that you are changing in the experiment.
The variable you are measuring in the experiment.
The varible being kept constant in the experiment.
60
Inability of chromosomes to separate out properly during meiosis.
Genetic linkage
Nondisjunction
Deletion
Telophase
61
What do lipids provide us?
Main source of energy
Provides us with muscles.
Fat/insulation and long term storage for energy.
Provides us with DNA
62
Define a covalent bond.
When atoms transfer electrons
When atoms give up their electrons
When atoms swap electrons
When atoms share electrons
