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study guide pt 1
What is global ecology?
What are gyres?
study guide pt 1
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Answers
1
What are gyres?
Circular water currents
Climate changes
Temperature zones
Wind patterns
2
What is global ecology?
Sum of ecosystems
Single ecosystem
Individual organism
Group of species
3
What are density-dependent factors?
Random factors
Independent of density
Fixed factors
Depend on population density
4
What is transplants in ecology?
Habitat destruction
Species relocation
Resource competition
Population growth
5
Which ecology studies connected ecosystems?
Global ecology
Landscape ecology
Population ecology
Community ecology
6
What type of forest has low precipitation?
Deciduous Forest
Tropical Forest
Temperate Forest
Coniferous Forest
7
Predict outcomes of competition
Population increase
No change
Competitive exclusion
Resource abundance
8
What is K in logistic growth equation?
New individuals
Population size
Growth rate
Carrying capacity
9
What is iteroparity?
Reproduce multiple times
Reproduce once, then die
Never reproduce
Reproduce annually
10
True or false: Oligotrophic lakes are found near urban areas.
True
False
11
What is offshore wind?
Traps heat
Moves land to ocean
Brings moisture
Moves ocean to land
12
What does distribution refer to?
Species survival
Species reproduction
Species extinction
Species location
13
True or false: K-selected species have high offspring survival.
False
True
14
What causes Earth's seasons?
Earth's tilt
Wind patterns
Moon phases
Ocean currents
15
What does Shannon diversity measure?
Species size
Species richness
Species age
Species color
16
What is dispersal in ecology?
Movement to new areas
Habitat loss
Population increase
Resource sharing
17
What does ecosystem ecology focus on?
Organism structure
Individual behavior
Connected ecosystems
Community interactions
18
What is microclimate?
Global conditions
Daily conditions
Long-term conditions
Short-term localized
19
What affects population density?
Forest fires
Birth rate
Weather
Immigration
20
What is r in growth equations?
Growth rate per individual
Carrying capacity
Population size
New individuals
21
What is a characteristic of oligotrophic lakes?
Low nutrient levels
High productivity
High nitrogen input
Algal blooms
22
What is character displacement?
Migration
Population growth
Resource sharing
Trait changes to reduce competition
23
What adds individuals to a population?
Deaths
Births
Migration
Extinction
24
Which symbiosis benefits both species?
Amensalism
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
25
What is interspecies competition?
Competition between different species
Resource sharing
No competition
Competition within same species
26
What is the greenhouse effect?
Traps heat
Causes acidification
Creates waves
Brings moisture
27
When does summer occur?
Hemisphere tilts towards
Hemisphere tilts away
Moon's orbit
Earth's rotation
28
What is an example of convergent evolution?
Cacti
Sharks and dolphins
Birds and bats
Lizards and snakes
29
What is predation?
Both harmed
One benefits, one harmed
No effect
Both benefit
30
What is a biome?
Major zone
Ocean current
Single species
Weather pattern
31
What is dN/dt in growth equations?
Growth rate
Carrying capacity
Population size
New individuals over time
32
What is climate?
Daily conditions
Localized conditions
Short-term conditions
Long-term conditions
33
True or false: Algal blooms are beneficial for ecosystems.
False
True
34
What are potential outcomes of rapid human growth?
Stable economy
Less pollution
Resource strain
More forests
35
What affects energy flow in ecosystems?
Human activity
Soil types
Biotic factors
Weather patterns
36
Which is an abiotic factor?
Plankton distribution
Fish species
Plant diversity
Oxygen levels
37
What is a fundamental niche?
Potential niche
Limited niche
Actual niche
Shared niche
38
What removes individuals from a population?
Deaths
Migration
Extinction
Births
39
What is parasitism?
Both benefit
One benefits, one harmed
Both harmed
No effect
40
What is carrying capacity?
Average population size
Maximum population size
Minimum population size
Stable population size
41
In parasitism, who is harmed?
Neither
Both
Parasite
Host
42
What is the human population doing?
Increasing rapidly
Decreasing
Stable
Growing exponentially
43
What is a life table?
Growth chart
Weather report
Food chart
Age summary
44
What is relative abundance?
Species percentage
Species size
Species color
Species age
45
What is r-selected species?
High growth rate
Stable growth rate
Variable growth rate
Low growth rate
46
What is the effect of rising sea levels?
Ocean acidification
Flooding
More extreme weather
Heat distribution
47
What causes LA Basin microclimates?
Wind patterns
Topography
Gyres
Earth's tilt
48
Which strategy helps predators catch prey?
Camouflage
Fleeing
Stealth
Warning coloration
49
What shape is logistic growth curve?
S shaped
U shaped
V shaped
J shaped
50
What is a possible effect of eutrophication?
High biodiversity
Low oxygen levels
Clear water
Stable ecosystem
51
What does mark and recapture help determine?
Habitat quality
Population size
Food availability
Species diversity
52
What is a survivorship curve?
Life history traits
Population growth rate
Resource competition
Species distribution
53
True or false: Penguins have random population configuration
True
False
54
What connects different ecosystems?
Soil nutrients
Biotic factors
Climate change
Abiotic factors
55
What are biotic factors in ecosystems?
Water levels
Nutrient cycles
Temperature changes
Soil composition
56
Which biome is characterized by chaparral?
Rainforest
Desert
Tundra
Chaparral
57
What does a climograph show?
Species diversity
Population size
Temperature and precipitation
Soil composition
58
How does wind affect climate?
Distributes heat
Creates waves
Causes acidification
Brings moisture
59
Which species interaction harms both?
Amensalism
Commensalism
Competition
Mutualism
60
What determines community diversity?
Species age
Species size
Species richness
Species color
61
What is a metapopulation?
Single species group
Dense population
Linked local populations
Isolated population
62
What is resource partitioning?
Species use resources differently
Species compete for resources
Species evolve
Species migrate
63
True or false: Density-independent factors affect birth rate
True
False
64
What is an example of exponential growth?
Pigs
Humans
Fur seals
Microorganisms
65
How to calculate trophic efficiency?
Multiply by 50%
Multiply by 10%
Multiply by 5%
Multiply by 100%
66
What is carrying capacity?
Minimum population size
Variable population size
Average population size
Max population size
67
What is the first trophic level?
Decomposers
Consumers
Predators
Producers
68
What is the role of abiotic factors?
Control ecosystem balance
Promote species interaction
Enhance reproduction rates
Increase biodiversity
69
What can cause dead zones?
Stable ecosystems
Low nutrient levels
High oxygen levels
Algal blooms
70
What is intraspecies competition?
Competition between different species
Competition within same species
Resource sharing
No competition
71
What type of water is found in estuaries?
Brackish water
Freshwater
Saltwater
Distilled water
72
Why is relative abundance important?
Impacts age
Impacts size
Impacts diversity
Impacts color
73
What is aggressive mimicry?
Predator mimics prey
Neither mimics
Both mimic each other
Prey mimics predator
74
What is K-selected species?
Stable growth rate
High growth rate
Variable growth rate
Slow growth rate
75
Which strategy helps prey avoid predators?
Stealth
Speed
Camouflage
Pack hunting
76
Which biome has shrubs and high-ish temperatures?
Dry Summer
Temperate Grassland
Tropical Rainforest
Coniferous Forest
77
Which biome has varying temperatures?
Coniferous Forest
Temperate Grassland
Desert
Tropical Rainforest
78
What is plankton distribution affected by?
Water depth
Soil nutrients
Animal migration
Temperature
79
What is a characteristic of conifer gymnosperms?
High precipitation
High biodiversity
Warm climate
Low temperature
80
What is mutualism?
One species harmed
Both species benefit
Both species harmed
No effect
81
What is Batesian mimicry?
Harmless mimics harmful
Both are harmless
Harmful mimics harmless
Both are harmful
82
True or false: Population ecology studies different species
True
False
83
Which biome includes coral reefs?
Marine
Desert
Tundra
Freshwater
84
What is a realized niche?
Potential niche
Actual niche
Limited niche
Shared niche
85
What is Mullerian mimicry?
Harmless mimics harmful
Harmful mimics harmless
Both are harmful
Both are harmless
86
Where do rivers meet oceans?
Wetlands
Estuaries
Lakes
Deserts
87
Which pattern is most common in nature?
Uniform
Clumped
Solitary
Random
88
What influences population health?
Biotic factors
Climatic factors
Geological factors
Chemical factors
89
True or false: Commensalism harms one species
True
False
90
What is the main focus of population ecology?
Resource management
Ecosystem health
Species interactions
Population dynamics
91
What is a random population configuration?
Unpredictable
Predictable
Stable
Fixed
92
What drives wind patterns?
Sunlight
Earth's tilt
Moon phases
Ocean currents
93
Which factor affects individual survival?
Abiotic
Biotic
Geological
Climatic
94
What is a consequence of logging?
Habitat loss
Increased biodiversity
Improved soil quality
Higher oxygen levels
95
What is semelparity?
Reproduce annually
Never reproduce
Reproduce once, then die
Reproduce multiple times
96
What happens as population nears carrying capacity?
Growth stops
Growth slows down
Growth reverses
Growth speeds up
97
What is an example of logistic growth?
Dandelions
Microorganisms
Fur seals
Elephant seals
98
What is commensalism?
Both benefit
One harmed
One benefits, no effect
Both harmed
99
What is organismal ecology?
Community interactions
Individual challenges
Group of species
Connected ecosystems
100
Which factor shapes community structure?
Geological factors
Abiotic factors
Climatic factors
Biotic factors
101
Complete the sentence: Amensalism involves...
Both harmed
Both benefit
One benefits
Harmed and unaffected
102
How do abiotic factors influence life?
By influencing ecosystems
By affecting species size
By controlling weather
By changing seasons
103
Which biome is affected by agriculture?
Temperate Grassland
Desert
Coniferous Forest
Tundra
104
What does uniform dispersion indicate?
Resource abundance
Territoriality
Random movement
Social behavior
105
What does salinity affect?
Plant growth
Soil quality
Animal behavior
Aquatic biomes
106
True or false: Eutrophic lakes have high nutrient levels.
False
True
107
What is the effect of ocean acidification?
Rising temperatures
Coral damage
Heat distribution
Creates waves
108
What does age structure graph interpret?
Population growth
Animal migration
Economic trends
Weather patterns
109
True or false: Urbanization affects temperate grasslands.
True
False
110
What shape is exponential growth curve?
S shaped
V shaped
U shaped
J shaped
