Unit 3 Sensation & Perception AP Psych Myers for AP Text

Type of psychologists who study how we perceive things. the term means "whole"

ring of muscle tissue that controls the size of the pupil

Our sense of a sound's "highness" or "lowness" ("bing" vs "bong")

Illusion of movement when a series of still drawings or images are shown rapidly ex: old animated Disney films

Afterimages occur after certain ______ in the retina are activated while others are not.

receptors for touch (pain, hot/cold, pressure)

An image that has 9 items arranged in a square has 3 triangles in a line, 3 circles beneath, 3 squares beneath those.

Saxophone player or woman's face? Those shown images of musical instruments first tended to perceive the sax player.

sense of balance

Three types of color-sensitive cones according to Young-Helmholz

The lens makes changes to focus the light. This process is called...

Dichromatism involves being able to see in only three colors.

Phantom Limb Sensation is when people perceive a limb which is not there (ex: amputees)

When watching a video on a cell phone it's easy for the average student to tune out their teacher's voice due to

You view a square drawn with a bunch of dotted lines as a square

Retinal disparity is a ______ cue for depth perception

You know where limbs are positioned because of your ____

Things which are clear are near; things which are blurred are far

Your eyes know something's close because your eyes turn inward when you look at things that are close

Weber studied difference thresholds and gave us contstant minimum percentages

receptor in the eye that is used for low-light and peripheral vision; shares bipolar cells

When Jake looks at different colors he hears different sounds

It's easier to detect a sound that is off to the side vs equal distance from our ears

Receptors for pain, pressure, temperature

report being unable to see yet are able to do put a letter into a slot vertical or horizontal

Acuity = sharpness of vision

Theory that for extremely high pitches, neurons alternate firing

hearing loss tied to damage to hair cells on the basilar membrane

these cells respond to lines, angles, edges and movement. They are located in the visual cortex

The vestibular sense is tied to which body part

The rate of wave = rate of neural impulses.

Someone with farsightedness sees best for things which are

Area where hair cells are located. Transduction occurs here

We describe doors as rectangles even though the images projected on our retinas are not always rectangles

Failing to notice changes in our environment

Being shown a picture of a growling wolf a second before a picture of a smiling woman

transforming stimulus energy into neural impulses

The amplitude of a light wave influences the light's

For someone nearsighted, the clearest image would be ____ the retina because the eyeball is longer than normal.

Natural chemicals in the body (found in sweat, urine, & other fluids) that produce messages for the olfactory system

Fatty flavor

When two lines are drawn converging in the distance (ex: roads, train tracks)

Amount of energy in a light or sound wave

Region of the brain where our sense of taste is processed

Trace the path of light as it goes through the eyeball

grouping figures which are near each other

The brain knows that a pitch is high or low based on the area of the basilar membrane which is most stimulated

Draws on our experiences and expectations

Jake can detect the difference between a 100 & 102 lb weight but not 100 and 101.

Those blinking arrow style lights on the freeway appear to move, but aren't.

Surroundings impact perception (large circles surrounding a circle vs. small circles surrounding the same circle)

When "warm" and "cold" receptors are activated simultaneously, we perceive

Amplitude determines loudness; _____ determines _____

meaty flavor

Wavelength of a sound determines it's

People who can only detect black, white, and gray. They don't perceive color.

The wavelength of a light determine's its

Your taste influenced by your smell

What color cone detects medium waves?

Bipolar cells converge to make up the optic nerve

As surfaces of things like walls and roads get father away from us, their surfaces appear smoother

The American Flag in red, white, & blue you see after staring at the same flag in black, green, & yellow

Inability to recognize faces

Supertasters are disgusted by the chemical PROP, medium tasters don't mind it, and nontasters can't taste it.

Overlap

cluster of cones at the center of the retina

The vase-face image can be perceived as a vase or a face. This illustrates the concept of....

damage to eardrum, hammer, anvil, or stirrup

Smell is your sense of ___________.

The Opponent-Process theory

According to Gate Control Theory, ___________ in the spinal cord block the pain message

Each eye fails to detect everything within its visual field. This is due to the fact that each eye has a blind spot.

The minimum stimulation needed to detect a stimulus (a flashing light or beeping sound) 50 % of the time

You're in the crowded mall over Christmas but you can focus on what your friend is saying.

You put on a bandaid. You feel it for a short while but soon forget it.

Messages travel from ________, ________, and __________ toward the thalamus and visual cortex

You fail to notice that a man took your wallet since you were busy watching the parade on the street.

Transduction occurs in all of the following areas EXCEPT